• 한국작물학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.443-446
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• 1987

들깨 및 메밀 건경의 물 추출액을 피 및 배추에 처리하여 발아 및 초기생장의 억제 양상을 본 결과 1. 두가지 추출액 모두 피와 배추의 발아를 억제하였으며 메밀 추출액이 들깨 추출액보다 심하였고 피보다는 배추에 억제효과가 켰다. 2. 발아후 초기 생장도 위와 같은 경향이나 발아억제보다는 생장 억제 효과가 약간 적은 영향이었다. 3. 이들 추출액은 지상부 생장보다는 뿌리 생장에 피해를 더 주는 경향이며 들깨 추출액보다 메밀 추출액이 더 심한 편이었다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.108-111
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• 2001

본 연구는 쌀겨 추출물을 이용하여 일년생 잡초 피와 한련초에 대한 발아 및 초기 생육억제 효과를 알아보기 위하여 수행하였다. 멸균 및 비멸균 쌀겨 추출물에 의한 피의 발아율은 5%(w/v) 처리에서만 무처리에 비하여 처리 후 7일째에 각각 27%와 63% 억제효과를 보였다. 그러나 이 추출물에 대한 피의 초장과 생체중은 멸균 및 비멸균 추출물의 1% 이상 처리에서 유의적인 감소를 보였으며, 5% 처리에서 피의 초장과 생체중은 멸균유무에 관계없이 각각 $66{\sim}68%$와 $75{\sim}78%$ 억제효과를 보였다. 또한 멸균 및 비멸균 쌀겨추출물에 의한 한련초 발아율은 처리 후 7일에 0.5% 이상 처리부터 유의적인 발아억제를 보였다. 처리 후 7일째에 멸균한 쌀겨 추출물에 대한 한련초의 발아율은 4% 처리에서 비멸균 쌀겨 추출물에서는 5% 처리에서 완전히 억제되었다. 쌀겨 추출물에 대한 한련초의 초장과 생체중에 있어서도 발아율 결과와 유사한 경향을 보였다. 쌀겨 추출물은 멸균한 추출물이 비멸균한 추출물보다 한련초의 발아 및 초기 생장억제에 더 민감한 반응을 나타내었으며 이들 추출물에 대해 피보다는 한련초가 더 민감하게 반응하였다. 따라서 쌀겨는 일부 잡초종자의 발아 및 초기 생육억제 효과에 대한 잠재성을 제시할 수 있었다.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.131-140
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• 1995

본 실험은 allelopathic물질을 함유한 것으로 알려진 alfalfa식물을 이용하여 주요 특용작물과 잡초의 발아 및 생육에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가에 대한 특성을 조사하기 위하여 실시하였던바 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. Alfalfa 건조분말의 토양혼화시 건조분말의 농도가 높아짐에 따라 작물, 들깨, 도라지 및 잡초(바랭이, 강아지 풀, 털진득찰, 개비름, 까마중)의 발아율 및 줄기와 뿌리생육이 억제되었으며, 건조분말농도가 10% 이상일때는 80% 이상 발아 및 생육의 억제를 가져왔다. 2. Alfalfa의 생체추출물도 작물(알팔파, 보리, 호밀, 참깨) 및 잡초(피, 강아지풀, 쇠비름)의 발아 및 뿌리와 줄기생육을 억제하였으며 억제정도는 생체추출 농도, 작물 및 잡초의 종류에 따라 반응의 차이를 보였다. 일반적으로 생체추출물의 농도가 증가함에 따라 잡초 및 작물발아 및 뿌리와 줄기생육을 억제하는 정도가 크게 나타났다. 3. 알팔파 건조분말 추출물질도 알팔파, 도라지, 보리, 참깨 및 잡초(바랭이, 털진득찰, 강아지풀, 쇠비름, 피) 등의 발아율, 줄기 및 뿌리의 생육을 억제하였으며 억제정도는 추출농도, 작물 및 잡초의 종류에 따라 차이를 보였다. 건조분말 농도가 10% 이상이었을때 털전득찰, 쇠비름 등의 발아가 전혀 안되었으며 강아지폴은 15%만 발아가 되었다. 4. Gas chromatography에 의하여 분석한 알팔파가 함유한 phenol compounds 중 salicylic acid가 전체 phenol compounds의 70% 정도 차지하고 있어서 가장 많이 함유하고 있었으며 syringic acid, ferulic acid가 가장 적게 함유되어 있었다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.304-309
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• 2014

Purpose: Weeds cause significant losses in agricultural production. In this study, we investigated the effect of microwaves on the germination rates of cress and arugula seeds to determine whether microwaves could be developed as an effective alternative to conventional chemical-based herbicides. Methods: Seeds were planted at equal depths (8-10 mm) in a soil-turf mixture, and seeds were exposed to microwaves for 126 s, 70 s, and 50 s in a device constructed specifically for this study. A microwave tunnel was built using a variable speed conveyor belt and 4 magnetrons with a combined output power of 2.8 kW. Seeds that were not exposed to microwaves were germinated with regulated irrigation, temperature, and humidity controls in parallel with the treated seeds, and the germination rates were compared among the treatment groups. Results: We found that the exposure of cress and arugula seeds to microwaves for 126 s inhibited germination close to 100%. Cress seeds treated with microwaves for 50 s showed 95% germination compared to 65% germination of the untreated cress seeds. Conclusions: We predict that the thermal effect of microwave energy affects the germination ratio and germination rate of seeds.

• Mycobiology
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.96-99
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• 2001

Withametelin, a steroidal compound isolated from leaves of Datura metel L.(Solanaceae), showed antifungal activity against some plant pathogenic as well as saprophytic fungi tested in vitro. Except Curvularia maculans and Colletotrichum sp., spore germination of all the other 23 fungi was inhibited significantly at 125 to 1000 ppm. Out of the 25 fungi tested, Curvularia sp., Cercospora abelmoschi, Heterosporium sp., Erysiphe cichoracearum and Ustilago cynodontis were most sensitive as there was complete inhibition of germination at 1000 ppm. Similarly, spores of Alternaria brassicae, Curvularia lunata and Helminthosporium pennisetti showed less than 3% germination at the same concentration. Rest of the fungi showed more than 15% spore germination at the same concentration.

• Mycobiology
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.225-227
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• 2002

The inhibitory activity of ent-norsecurinine alkaloid was evaluated against spore germination of some plant pathogenic fungi(Curvularia maculans, Curvularia species, C. palliscens, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Colletotrichum species, Afternaria solani, A. brassicae, Fusarium udum, Helminthosporium echinoclova and H. penniseti). It inhibited spore germination of all the test fungi. C. maculans, C. species, and C. palliscens were the most sensitive as complete inhibition of spore germination was observed at 1000 ppm. A. solani was not inhibited by this chemical.

• Mycobiology
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.142-144
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• 2001

The tetrahydropahnatine alkaloid was assayed against spore germination of some saprophytic and pathogenic fungi e.g., Alternaria solani, A. brassicicola, A. brassicae, A. alternata, Erysiphe pisi, Curvularia lunata, C. pallescens, C. maculans, Curvularia species, Colletotrichum species, C. musae, Helminthosporium echinoclova, H. pennisetti, H. spiciferum, and Heterosporium sp. It inhibite spore germination of all the fungi tested. Colletotrichum spp. Curvularia lunata, Helminthosporium spiciferum and Heterosporium sp. were most sensitive as complete inhibition of spore germination was observed at very low concentration(200 ppm).

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.129-133
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• 1985

Effect of some physical and chemical factors on germination of conidia of Alternaria alternata (Fries) Keissler causing fruit rot of apple was investigated. The germination was maximum at $30^{\circ}C$, 100 per cent RH and at 5.5 pH Syllit, amongst the 11 fungicides and Planofix, amongst the 5 growth regulators caused maximum inhibition of conidial germination.

• Mycobiology
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.198-204
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• 2001

Analysis of leaf exudates of Vicia faba using paper chromatography to identify individual amino acids and sugars qualitatively was investigated. The results revealed that the number of identified amino acids detected in the leaf exudates of the susceptible plants was more than those of resistant plants. The results also showed an increase in the number of amino acids exuded by infected leaves, but no marked difference in sugars of infected and non infected plants. Lithium chloride application led to decrease in amino acid and sugar contents. The number of amino acids and sugars was also decreased with leaf age. Botrytis fabae and the selected fungal species(Alternaria alternata, Fusarium oxysporum and Aspergillus niger) were used to show the effect of individual amino acid and sugar on their spore germination. It was observed that all amino acids stimulated the fungal spore germination except serine which inhibited its spore germination. In case of A. alternata, spore germination was stimulated by all amino acids except serine, alanine, glutamic acid, arginine and methionine which caused the inhibition. In case of F. oxysporum, aspartic and glutamic acids inhibited spore germination but the other amino acids stimulated its spore germination. Aspartic acid and phenyl alanine inhibited the spore germination of A. niger. All the identified sugars(galactose, glucose, fructose and rhamnose) stimulated spore germination of all tested fungi.

• Mycobiology
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.26-32
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• 2011

Powdery mildew is one of the most devastating diseases in cucurbits. Crop yield can decline as the disease severity increases. In this study, we evaluated the effect of silver nanoparticles against powdery mildew under different cultivation conditions in vitro and in vivo. Silver nanoparticles (WA-CV-WA13B) at various concentrations were applied before and after disease outbreak in plants to determine antifungal activities. In the field tests, the application of 100 ppm silver nanoparticles showed the highest inhibition rate for both before and after the outbreak of disease on cucumbers and pumpkins. Also, the application of 100 ppm silver nanoparticles showed maximum inhibition for the growth of fungal hyphae and conidial germination in in vivo tests. Scanning electron microscope results indicated that the silver nanoparticles caused detrimental effects on both mycelial growth and conidial germination.