• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제24권1_2호
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• pp.437-448
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• 2007

Suppose K is a nonempty closed convex nonexpansive retract of a real uniformly convex Banach space E with P as a nonexpansive retraction. Let $T_1,\;T_2\;and\;T_3\;:\;K{\rightarrow}E$ be nonexpansive mappings with nonempty common fixed points set. Let $\{\alpha_n\},\;\{\beta_n\},\;\{\gamma_n\},\;\{\alpha'_n\},\;\{\beta'_n\},\;\{\gamma'_n\},\;\{\alpha'_n\},\;\{\beta'_n\}\;and\;\{\gamma'_n\}$ be real sequences in [0, 1] such that ${\alpha}_n+{\beta}_n+{\gamma}_n={\alpha}'_n+{\beta'_n+\gamma}'_n={\alpha}'_n+{\beta}'_n+{\gamma}'_n=1$, starting from arbitrary $x_1{\in}K$, define the sequence $\{x_n\}$ by $$\{zn=P({\alpha}'_nT_1x_n+{\beta}'_nx_n+{\gamma}'_nw_n)\;yn=P({\alpha}'_nT_2z_n+{\beta}'_nx_n+{\gamma}'_nv_n)\;x_{n+1}=P({\alpha}_nT_3y_n+{\beta}_nx_n+{\gamma}_nu_n)$$ with the restrictions $\sum^\infty_{n=1}{\gamma}_n<\infty,\;\sum^\infty_{n=1}{\gamma}'_n<\infty,\; \sum^\infty_{n=1}{\gamma}'_n<\infty$. (i) If the dual $E^*$ of E has the Kadec-Klee property, then weak convergence of a $\{x_n\}$ to some $x^*{\in}F(T_1){\cap}{F}(T_2){\cap}(T_3)$ is proved; (ii) If $T_1,\;T_2\;and\;T_3$ satisfy condition(A'), then strong convergence of $\{x_n\}$ to some $x^*{\in}F(T_1){\cap}{F}(T_2){\cap}(T_3)$ is obtained.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.670-674
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• 2006

This experimental study was carried out to investigate the immunostimulating effect of Acanthopanax, as Oriental rhizomata herbs, on jejunal survival, endogenous spleen colony formation, apoptosis in jejunal crypt cells and lipid peroxidation in the liver of mice following Gamma-ray irradiation. The subject of this study includes 72 mice which were divided into each 7 groups. Acanthopanax experiment groups were Acanthopanax. Gamma-ray(lOGy), Acanthopanax. Gamma-ray(3Gy), Acanthopnax. Gamma-ray(1Gy), Gamma-ray control(1OGy), Gamma-ray control(3Gy), Gamma-ray control(1Gy), Normal groups. The results of this study were as follows : Treatment with Acanthopanax showed significantly increased(p<0.05) on the cell death apoptosis in crypt, intestine crypts survival of intestine in mice following low-dose(1Gy) Gamma-ray radiation. And that significantly increased(p<0.05) on jejunal crypt survival and reduced(p<0.05) on lipid peroxidation in mice following high-dose(1OGy) Gamma-ray radiation. The above results suggest that Acathopanax were immunostimulating effectively reduced Gamma-ray irradiation.

• 약학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.175-184
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• 1995

The interaction of omeprazole(OMP) with $\gamma$-cyclodextrin($\gamma$-CyD) was investigated by solubility study and the complexation was confirmed by means of UV/VIS spectrophotometer, circular dichroism, differential scanning calorimeter, and $^{1}$H nuclear magnetic resonance spectra. The stability, dissolution rate, and partition coefficient of the complex were measured. The results present that the benzimidazole moiety and a part of pyridine ring containing sulfur atom of OMP might be included into the cavity of $\gamma$-CyD and the formation type of inclusion complex appeared to be B$_{s}$. The stoichiometric ratio of OMP to $\gamma$-CyD in the complex was found to be 1:1 and the stability constant of the complex found to be 97.1 M$^{-1}$. And the dissolution rate of OMP was markedly increased by inclusion complex formation with $\gamma$-CyD, and so it was above 90% in 5 min. from solid complex. Oil to water partition coefficient of OMP-$\gamma$-CyD complex was 60, which is significantly higher than that of OMP itself, 36.4. The degradation rate constant of OMP were greater than OMP-$\gamma$-CyD complex in aqueous solutions of various pHs, and the half lives of OMP and OMP-$\gamma$-CyD at pH 9 were 279.2 and 509.9 days, respectively, showing that the complex was more stable than OMP, therefore it was thought that OMP was stabilized by inclusion formation with $\gamma$-CyD.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.357-362
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• 2005

Poly-${\gamma}$-glutamic acid (${\gamma}-PGA$), which is extracted from fermented soybeans, is a high molecular weight, adhesive, and negatively charged(anionic) polymer. Recently, ${\gamma}-PGA$ has gained attention due to its potential as polymer. The objectives of this study were to examine the applicability of ${\gamma}-PGA$ as a coagulant and/or a coagulant aid, to evaluate the efficiency of ${\gamma}-PGA$ for the removal of Organic and Ammonium substance in wastewater treatment. The effect of coagulation was evaluated for the removal of SS and organic matter using poly aluminum chloride(PACI) as well as newly developed ${\gamma}-PGA$. The maximum COD removal rate of 63% and the SS of 78% were occurred at the dosage of 50mg/L ${\gamma}-PGA$ only. The most effective removal for particulate and organic matter was occured when both PACI and ${\gamma}-PGA$ were applied at the rate of 20:1(10mg/L PACI and 0.5mg/L ${\gamma}-PGA$). When mixed with PACI, only small portion of ${\gamma}-PGA$ was enough to improve removal efficiencies of organic and particulate matter in wastewater. This result showed the positive potential of ${\gamma}-PGA$ as a new coagulant materials for wastewater treatment.

• 충청수학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.225-229
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• 2006

In this paper, we introduce some concepts of ${\Gamma}$-near-ring and obtain their properties on ${\Gamma}$-near-rings through regularity conditions.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.1689-1700
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• 1993

WDM(Wavelength Division Multiplexing) 방식은 이정 수의 파장들을 사용하여 광의 풍부란 대역폭을 이용할 수 있는 새로운 전송기법이다. 본 논문에서는 대용향 WDM 다중 홉 스위치를 위한 개선된 가상 위상인 "(a, $\beta$,${\gamma}$) ShuffleNet"을 제시하였다. 제안된 위상은 a개의 ($\beta$,${\gamma}$)ShuffleNet을 $\beta$${\gamma}$개의 "bridge 노드"를 이용하여 자체루팅에 의한 N-by-N(N=(x*$\beta$${\gamma}$*${\gamma}$) 스위칭을 수행할 수 있도록 연결한 구조이다. 제안된 구조가 갖는 위상적 병렬성으로 인해 기준의 규칙적 위상의 구조들와 달리 스위치의 용량이 증가하더라도 조으간의 diameter를 2${\gamma}$로 일정하게 유지할 수 있어 높은 이용율과 성능을 제공한다. 이러한 용양증가에 따른 scalability 특성은 growable 광대역 스위칭의 구성을 가능하게 한다. 지연 분석에서도 위상적 특징으로 인해 각각의 ($\beta$,${\gamma}$)ShuffleNet내에서의 트래픽 국부성(locality)에 의해 매우 낮은 지연시간을 갖음을 확인하였다. 낮은 지연시간을 갖음을 확인하였다.

• 접착 및 계면
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2001

${\gamma}$-APS (${\gamma}$-aminopropyltriethoxysilane)로 표면처리된 천연제올라이트와 에폭시 수지 복합 재료의 표면 자유 에너지, 인상강도 및 계면 모폴로지에 대해 연구하였다. 표면처리하지 천연제올라이트의 표면 자유에너지 성분 중에서 무극성 성분인 Lifshitz-van der Waals 성분, ${\gamma}{\frac{LW}{SV}}$는 $19.22mJ/m^2$이었고, 극성 성분인 Lewis acid-base 성분, ${\gamma}{\frac{AB}{SV}}$는 $15.27mJ/m^2$이 있다. ${\gamma}$-APS의 처리농도가 증가함에 따라 ${\gamma}{\frac{LW}{SV}}$값은 증가하였지만 ${\gamma}{\frac{AB}{SV}}$는 감소하였으며, 이는 ${\gamma}$-APS의 소수성 성분인 알킬기의 영향이 친수성 기인 아민이나 수산기의 영향보다 커지기 때문이다. 인장강도와 Young율은 ${\gamma}$-APS 처리에 의해 개선되었으며, SEM 분석에 의해 계면특성이 향상되었음을 확인하였다.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.149-154
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• 1998

We consider the ordered ${\Gamma}$-semigroups in which $x{\gamma}x(x{\in}M,{\gamma}{\in}{\Gamma})$ are left elements. We show that this $po-{\Gamma}$-semigroup is left regular if and only if M is a union of left simple sub-${\Gamma}$-semigroups of M.

• 호남수학학술지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2016

In this paper, the authors establish some double inequalities concerning the (q, k)-deformed Gamma function. These inequalities emanate from certain problems of traffic flow. The procedure makes use of the integral representation of the (q, k)-deformed Gamma function.

• 한국지능시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국퍼지및지능시스템학회 1998년도 The Third Asian Fuzzy Systems Symposium
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• pp.219-224
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• 1998

We introduce the notion of ${\gamma}$-fuzzy filter and ${\gamma}$-limit structure to L-fuzzy point. We show that the category ${\gamma}$Lim of ${\gamma}$-limit spaces is a cartesian closed topological construct containing the category LFTop of stratified L-fuzzy topological spaces as a bireflective subcategory.