• 생태와환경
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.90-97
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 4-nonlyphenol에 노출된 부모 세대 Tigriopus japonicus s.j.에서 태어난 그 자손 세대의 성장 과정과 외형의 변화를 살펴보았다. 4NP노출된 암컷에서 태어난 $F_1$세대 nauplius 유생은 저농도에서 낮은 생존율을 보였으며, 성장 속도를 반영한 copepodite 유생 발생일과 성숙 수컷의 최초 출현일은 고농도에서 빠른 성장을 보였다. 성비는 $0.1{\mu}g\;L^{-1}$와 $100{\mu}g\;L^{-1}$에서는 대조군과 유의적인 차이론 보이지 않았으나, $1{\mu}g\;L^{-1}$와 $10{\mu}g\;L^{-1}$에서는 수컷의 비율이 매우 높았다. 포란율의 경우 $0.1{\mu}g\;L^{-1}$에서 매우 낮은 포란율을 보였으나, 그 이상 농도에서는 100% 포란하였다. 암컷의 최초 포란일은 모든 농도에서 대조군보다 지연되었으며, 농도가 높아질수록 느려지는 경향을 보였다. 4NP 처리군에서 발생한 $F_1$세대 암컷 성체의 체장, 폭 그리고 생물량은 모든 농도에서 대조군보다 짧게 나타났다. 성숙 수컷의 경우 체장은 대조군과 큰 차이가 없었으나 폭과 생물량은 모든 농도에서 대조군보다 짧은 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.72-80
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• 1995

강원대학교 부속 연습림의 낙엽활엽수림에서 임상유기물(O층)의 집적에 미치는 표고의 영향을 조사하였다. 표고가 높아짐에 따라 O층의 두께는 증가하였으며, 이러한 경향은 F2층과 H층에서 뚜렷하였다. O층의 두께(X, cm)와 무게(Y, $kg/m^2$)의 관계는 직선회귀식 Y($kg/m^2$) = aX(cm)에 근사였으며, F2층, H층 및 F2 + H층에 대한 계수 "a" 의 값은 각각 0.43, 0.61 및 0.53이었다. 유기물의 용적중은 F2층, H층 및 F2+H층에서 각각 $45g/dm^2$, $60g/dm^2$ 및 $55g/dm^2$ 전후로 추정되었다. O층의 양은 표고 280m에서의 13ton/ha으로부터 표고 710m의 41ton/ha의 범위에 있었으며, F1, F2및 H층은 각각 5~10ton/ha, 5~11ton/ha 및 13~40ton/ha의 범위를 차지하였다.

• Plant Resources
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2002

Genetic improvement of the cultivated soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] may be possible through hybridization with its wild progenitor, G. soja Sieb. & Zucc. Interspecific cross between G. max (Hwangkeumkong) and G. soja (IT.182932) was made in the summer of 1997. In F$_2$ the percentage of plant height, nodes per plant, and pods per plant were high but gradually reduced from F$_2$ to F$_4$. In contrast pod length, seeds per pod, and 100-seeds weight were increased gradually through generations advanced. Wild variation as evident in F$_2$ in plant height, number of branches, pods per plant, and 100-seeds weight. Twenty six percent of the F$_2$, 44 % of the F$_3$ and 60% of the F$_4$ segregants showed more G. max traits. The combination of useful traits from both species is possible through interspecific hybridization. The characters that could be transferred from wild species to cultivated species are more pod number, better capacity, and resistance to disease and insects. The interspecific derivatives offer scope for selection for high grain yield. Therefore, introducing genes from G. soja to G. max could be contribute to greater genetic diversity of future cultivars. And semicultivated soybean had some desired characteristics including tolerance to adverse environments and multi-seed characters. It means the infusing of semicultivated germplasm to the cultivated soybean could increase number of seeds and pods per plant significantly, and consequently could enhance selecting potential on yield.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.45-56
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• 2015

In this paper, we study the relation between two dynamical systems (V, f) and (V, g) with $f{\circ}g=g{\circ}f$. As an application, we show that an endomorphism (respectively a polynomial map with Zariski dense, of bounded Preper(f)) has only finitely many endomorphisms (respectively polynomial maps) of bounded degree which are commutable with f.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.105-112
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• 2022

Let g : X ⟶ Y and f : Y ⟶ Z be two maps between real normed linear spaces. Then f is called generalized isometry or g-isometry if for each x, y ∈ X, ║f(g(x)) - f(g(y))║ = ║g(x) - g(y)║. In this paper, under special hypotheses, we prove that each generalized isometry is affine. Some examples of generalized isometry are given as well.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제34권3_4호
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• pp.227-237
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• 2016

In this paper we introduce a new graph labeling called k-prime cordial labeling. Let G be a (p, q) graph and 2 ≤ p ≤ k. Let f : V (G) → {1, 2, . . . , k} be a map. For each edge uv, assign the label gcd (f(u), f(v)). f is called a k-prime cordial labeling of G if |v_f (i) − v_f (j)| ≤ 1, i, j ∈ {1, 2, . . . , k} and |e_f (0) − e_f (1)| ≤ 1 where v_f (x) denotes the number of vertices labeled with x, e_f (1) and e_f (0) respectively denote the number of edges labeled with 1 and not labeled with 1. A graph with a k-prime cordial labeling is called a k-prime cordial graph. In this paper we investigate the k-prime cordial labeling behavior of a star and we have proved that every graph is a subgraph of a k-prime cordial graph. Also we investigate the 3-prime cordial labeling behavior of path, cycle, complete graph, wheel, comb and some more standard graphs.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제37권1_2호
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• pp.149-156
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• 2019

Let G be a (p, q) graph. Let $f:V(G){\rightarrow}\{1,2,{\ldots},k\}$ be a map where $k{\in}{\mathbb{N}}$ and k > 1. For each edge uv, assign the label gcd(f(u), f(v)). f is called k-Total prime cordial labeling of G if ${\mid}t_f(i)-t_f(j){\mid}{\leq}1$, $i,j{\in}\{1,2,{\ldots},k\}$ where $t_f$(x) denotes the total number of vertices and the edges labelled with x. A graph with a k-total prime cordial labeling is called k-total prime cordial graph. In this paper we investigate the 4-total prime cordial labeling of some graphs.

• 충청수학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.63-72
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• 1999

We introduce a concept of fuzzy linearity: A function $F:L^0(X){\rightarrow}\mathbb{R}$ is fuzzy linear if $F[({\alpha}{\wedge}f){\vee}(b{\wedge}g)]=[a{\wedge}F(f)]{\vee}[b{\wedge}F(g)]$ for $f,g{\in}L^0(X)$ and a, b > 0. We show that a fuzzy integral is fuzzy linear if the measure is fuzzy c-additive.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.243-254
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• 1991

For a given function f.mem.F and a set of functions J.subeq.F, the problem of isotonic optimization is to determine an element in the set nearest to f in some sense. Specifically, let X be a partially ordered finite set with a partial order << and, let F"=F(X) be the linear space of all bounded real valued functions on X. A function g.mem.F is said to be an isotonic function if g(x).leq.g(y) whenever x,y.mem.X and x << y.<< y.

• 한국분말야금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국분말야금학회 2006년도 Extended Abstracts of 2006 POWDER METALLURGY World Congress Part 1
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• pp.629-630
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• 2006

To investigate sliding friction and wear behaviors of WC-Co/WC-Co pairs containing different WC grain sizes, the ball-on-disc test in air were carried out, where WC grain sizes a $0.5\;{\mu}m$ (F.G.) and $1.5\;{\mu}m$ (C.G.). The wear volume of F.G. pin for F.G. pin/C.G. disc is larger than that of F.G. pin for F.G. pin/F.G. disc due to higher friction coefficient, and the surfaces after wear test are richer in oxygen compared to those before test. Furthermore, the wear debris, which is composed of nona-scale grain, after the wear test are remarkably richer in oxygen than to those before test.