• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.183-189
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• 1992

Cultural conditions of Lactococcus sp. 1112-1, a bacteriocin producing strain, were studied for enhancing its production with regard to environmental and nutritional factors. Optimal compositions of culture medium for bacteriocin production were glucose 20 g/l as carbon source, casein acid hydrolyzate 15 g/l as nitrogen source, and sodium acetate 3 g/l, ammonium citrate 2 g/l as morganic salt with other basal components. The optimal pH of medium and fermentation temperature were 6.2 and $35^{\circ}C$, respectively. This strain required exclusively riboflavin and pantothenic acid for growth and bacteriocin production. In a 1l batch culture, stationary phase emerged after 8.5 hours of fermentation when 1.81 g/l of biomass was accumulated. The maximum antimicrobial activity was 3,894 IU/ml after 12 hours.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.15
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• pp.6513-6519
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• 2015

Background: Recent attention on chemotherapeutic intervention against cancer has been focused on discovering and developing phytochemicals as anticancer agents with improved efficacy, low drug resistance and toxicity, low cost and limited adverse side effects. In this study, we investigated the effects of Curcuma C20-dialdehyde on growth, apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in colon and cervical cancer cell lines. Materials and Methods: Antiproliferative, apoptosis induction, and cell cycle arrest activities of Curcuma C20-dialdehyde were determined by WST cell proliferation assay, flow cytometric Alexa fluor 488-annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) staining and PI staining, respectively. Results: Curcuma C20 dialdehyde suppressed the proliferation of HCT116, HT29 and HeLa cells, with IC50 values of $65.4{\pm}1.74{\mu}g/ml$, $58.4{\pm}5.20{\mu}g/ml$ and $72.0{\pm}0.03{\mu}g/ml$, respectively, with 72 h exposure. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that percentages of early apoptotic cells increased in a dose-dependent manner upon exposure to Curcuma C20-dialdehyde. Furthermore, exposure to lower concentrations of this compound significantly induced cell cycle arrest at G1 phase for both HCT116 and HT29 cells, while higher concentrations increased sub-G1 populations. However, the concentrations used in this study could not induce cell cycle arrest but rather induced apoptotic cell death in HeLa cells. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the phytochemical Curcuma C20-dialdehyde may be a potential antineoplastic agent for colon and cervical cancer chemotherapy and/or chemoprevention. Further studies are needed to characterize the drug target or mode of action of the Curcuma C20-dialdehyde as an anticancer agent.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.166-172
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• 2015

This study was performed to develop treatment method for reducing microbial contamination on Daruma (a semi-processed product of seasoned and dried squid) by combination of strong acidic hypochlorous water (SAHW) and ultrasonic waves (UW). The available chlorine concentration, oxidation reduction potential (ORP) and pH of SAHW were $69.67{\pm}0.58ppm$, $1071.33{\pm}4.16mV$ and 2.79, respectively. The 1.49 log CFU/g of viable cell count and 1.32 log CFU/g of Staphylococcus aureus was reduced, and Escherichia coli was reduced below detection limit when the Daruma was treated with 20 times (w/v) of sodium hypochlorite solution (SHS) for 120 min. The 3.62 log CFU/g of viable cell count and 3.22 log CFU/g of Staphylococcus aureus was reduced, and Escherichia coli was reduced below detection limit when the Daruma was treated with 20 times (w/v) of SAHW for 120 min. The antibacterial effects of SAHW were stronger than those of SHS at same available chroline concentration. SAHW treatment after washing strongly alkalic electrolyzed water (SAEW) showed better bactericidal effects than SAHW treatment only. The 4.0 log CFU/g of viable cell count was reduced, S. aureus was reduced below regulation limit (Log 2.0 CFU/g), and E. coli was reduced below detection limit when the Daruma was treated with 20 times (w/v) of SAHW for 90 min after washing with 20 times (w/v) of SAEW for 60 min. The viable cell number was reduced below detection limit and S. aureus was reduced below regulation limit when the Daruma was treated with 20 times (w/v) of SAHW for 60 min in ultrasonic washer. E. coli was reduced below detection limit when the Daruma was treated with 20 times (w/v) of SAHW for 10 min in ultrasonic washer. These results suggest that combination of SAHW and UW may be a good technique to reduce the microbial contamination in daruma.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.80-85
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• 2007

Maleic anhydride (MA) modified ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer (MEPDM) was pre-pared from solution polymerization. MEPDM-g-PST copolymer was prepared by melt polymerization of male ate d EPDM and quaternary ammonium silyl polydimethylsiloxane -7,7,8,8- tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) adduct (PST) in internal mixer and MEPDM-g-PST/HDPE/CB (MPEC) was prepared by com-pounding HDPE, MEPDM-g-PST copolymer and carbon black (CB, 5, 10, 15, and 20 phr), and HDPE/ CB (PEC) by compounding HDPE and CB (5, 10, 15, and 20 phr), respectively. The structure of MEPDM-g-PST copolymer was confirmed by measuring the FTIR. The maximum grafting ratio of MA onto EPDM was 2.35%. The thermal and mechanical properties of the composites were measured and dispersion characteristics of CB in matrix show that CB in MPEC was better dispersed than that in PEC composite.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.229-247
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• 2014

Seven feeding trials were conducted to determine the effects of feeding rate and frequency in the Korean rockfish Sebastes schlegeli at seven different water temperatures. Two feeding-rate experiments for 5-g Korean rockfish at $17^{\circ}C$ and $20^{\circ}C$; three feeding rate experiments for 16-g Korean rockfish at $16^{\circ}C$ and $24^{\circ}C$; and finally, two feeding frequency experiments for 93- and 100-g at $15^{\circ}C$ and $20^{\circ}C$ were conducted. Twenty fish averaging $5.5{\pm}0.2$ g ($mean{\pm}SD$) were randomly distributed into 18 indoor tanks containing 40-L seawater from a semi-recirculation system. Fish were fed a commercial diet for 4 weeks at water temperatures of $17^{\circ}C$ and $20^{\circ}C$. Two feeding trials were conducted to determine the optimum feeding frequency in growing Korean rockfish reared at temperatures of $15^{\circ}C$ and $19^{\circ}C$. Broken line regression analysis of weight gain (WG) indicated that the optimum feeding rates of 5-g growing Korean rockfish were 4.48% (BW/day; BW, body weight) at $17^{\circ}C$ and 4.83% (BW/day) at $20^{\circ}C$. Broken line regression analysis of WG showed optimum feeding rates of 16-g juvenile Korean rockfish of 3.41% (BW/day) at $16^{\circ}C$, 3.75% (BW/day) at $20^{\circ}C$, and 3.34% (BW/day) at $24^{\circ}C$. The biological performance, results, along with morphological indices and serological characteristics, suggest that a feeding frequency of 1 meal/day was optimal to improve WG in growing Korean rockfish grown from 93 to 133 g at a water temperature of $15^{\circ}C$, and 100 to 132 g at $19^{\circ}C$.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.614-618
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• 1992

The batch and fed-batch cultivations of Brevibacteriurn CHI were carried out for the production of nitrile hydratase. In batch culture, with pH control the cell mass and the specific activity increased more 20% and 30%. respectively. The maximum growth rate was obtained at a glucose concentration of $20g/{\ell}$ because of substrate inhibition. The fed-batch culture of Brevibacteriurn CHI with constant substrate feeding gave a cell density of up to $68g/{\ell}$ and nitrile hydratase activity was maintained at above 6.1units/mg. The cell growth yield on carbon .source was ca. 0,68 g/g glucose consumed. The total nitrile hydratase activity in this fed-batch mode increased up to 414.8 units/m${\ell}$, which amounted to 4.4 times that of the batch culture.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.1330-1335
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• 2007

This study was developed to assess the antioxidative activity of aged black garlic extract on lipid peroxidation and low density lipoprotein (LDL). Antioxidative activity of aged black garlic extract on human low density lipoprotein (LDL) was investigated by monitoring a barbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS). Electron donating ability (EDA) of aged black garlic, ethanol extract was higher than that alliin and water extract. Aged black garlic water and ethanol extracts inhibited the $Cu^{2+}$ mediated oxidation of human LDL in a dose dependent manner at concentration of 10 and $20\;{\mu}g/ml$. Ethanol extract and water extract of aged black garlic almost completely inhibited J774 mediated LDL oxidation in electrophoretic mobility and conjugated diene. These results indicate that aged black garlic might play a protective antioxidant effects on LDL, probably affecting the structural properties for the LDL oxidation.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.329-334
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• 2008

The antioxidant activity and the qualitative analysis of Acanthopanax sessiliflorum Seeman were studied by partially purified extract using various methods: extraction by using ethanol solutions and temperatures, and absorption to Diaion HP20 column chromatography using 10%, 20%, 40%, 60% ethanol solutions. Major constituents, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, eleutheroside E, was determinated by HPLC method in Acanthopanax sessiliflorum S. 10% and 20% ethanol solutions contain chlorogenic acid (3.020$\pm$0.080%, 20.500$\pm$1.150%, respectively). 40% ethanol solution contains caffeic acid and eleutheroside E (12.270$\pm$0.360%, 1.670$\pm$0.140%, respectively). Diaion HP20 fractions (10%, 20%, 40%, 60% ethanol solutions) showed the scavenging activity of radicals and reactive oxygen species with the $IC_{50}$ values of $81.534{\pm}0.992{\mu}g/ml$, $1.748{\pm}0.098{\mu}g/ml$, $11.487{\pm}1.768{\mu}g/ml$, $21.960{\pm}0.547{\mu}g/ml$ against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazly radical and $1713.548{\pm}34.565{\mu}g/ml$, $131.419{\pm}2.235{\mu}g/ml$, $200.681{\pm}2.444{\mu}g/ml$, $757.897{\pm}6.868{\mu}g/ml$ against superoxide radicals in the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system, respectively. Especially, 20% and 40% ethanol fractions showed more antioxidant activity than dl-$\alpha$-tocopherol. These results suggest that Acanthopanax sessiliflorum S. extract and Diaion HP20 fractions may be useful as a potential source of nutraceutical and cosmetic products.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.753-756
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• 2004

The effect of far-infrared (FIR) treatment on total flavanols contents and catechin composition of green tea were determined by vanillin spectroscopic and HPLC methods. Total flavanols content of green tea increased from 145 mg/g to 160 mg/g after FIR treatment for 10 min, but decreased from 146 to 90 mg/g after FIR treatment for 20 min. Among nine catechins of green tea, epicatechin derivatives decreased continuously with treatment time of FIR, while catechin derivatives increased up to 10 min and decreased to 20 min. These results indicate that FIR treatment exerting appreciable influence on catechin content of green tea may be useful as one of processing method improving quality of green tea.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.765-771
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• 2009

Anti-oxidative activities of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance extracts were measured after extraction with 50% (v/v) ethanol or water (at $80^{\circ}C$ or $20^{\circ}C$). The total polyphenol content was highest (64.73 mg GAE/g) in extract from 50% ethanol extraction at $80^{\circ}C$. In extracts obtained by water extraction at $80^{\circ}C$ and $20^{\circ}C$, the total polyphenol contents were 39.78 mg GAE/g and 23.17 mg GAE/g, respectively. The antioxidant activities of the ethanol extract at $80^{\circ}C$ were highest, as assessed by DPPH radical scavenging activity (69.14% at 50 ppm), reducing power (OD 0.93), and $ABTS^+$ radical-scavenging activity (85.62% at 1,000 ppm). At $80^{\circ}C$, the antioxidant activity of the 50% (v/v) ethanol extract was 8-20% higher than that of the water extract. Also, the chemical composition of extract from ethanol extraction at $80^{\circ}C$ was analyzed. The levels of moisture, crude protein, crude fat, and crude ash were 6.38%, 4.35%, 0.67%, and 1.96%, (all w/w), respectively. The Na, K, Mg, Zn, Fe, Ca, and P contents of the extract were 53.41, 398.26, 5.80, 0.40, 5.27, 3.56, and 47.17 mg/100 g, respectively. The total levels of polyphenolic compounds and flavonoids in the ethanol extract were 64.73 mg GAE/g and 49.54 mg RE/g.