• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.61-64
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• 2002

The authors report one case of isolated avulsion fracture of the tibial attachment of the posterior cruciate ligament. A 13 years old boy was admitted for right knee pain and swelling after the soccer injury on his knee. Hemarthrosis and posterior instability were present. Simple roentgenographic examination showed an isolated avulsion fracture of the tibial attachment of the posterior cruciate ligament. Open approach through the popliteal fossa was used and bony fragment was fixed into its bed using pull-out sutures. Postoperatively, a long leg cast was applied for 4 weeks. The patient was followed for 6 months. He returned to his previous activity levels. There was no residual laxity. Isolated avulsion of the posterior cruciate ligament from the tibia before the epiphyseal fusion is very rare in children. We reported one case of our experience and its result.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.55-64
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• 2002

The envelope glycoprotein of HIV-1 forms an oligomeric complex resulting in playing a role to induce neutralizing antibody and cell-mediate immune responses. The oligomer exists as a trimer of gp120-gp41 heterodimer which mediates HIV-1 attachment and fusion. We made a cDNA clone of gp140 consisting of gp120 and ectodomain of gp41 from the primary African isolate. To express the oligomeric gp140 in mammalian cells, we adopted the Semliki Forest virus (SFV) based expression system. The oligomeric gp140 in the secretory form was expressed and purified from the cell culture supernatant and characterized. The antibody inducing activity of the purified gp140 was also examined in mice inoculation.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.147-154
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• 2010

It is well-established that phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3-kinase) regulates myogenesis by inducing transcription of myogenin, a key muscle regulatory factor, at the initiation of myoblast differentiation. In this study, we investigated the role of PI3-kinase in cells that have committed to differentiation. PI3-kinase activity increases during myogenesis, and this increase is sustained during the myogenic process; however, its function after the induction of differentiation has not been investigated. We show that LY294002, a PI3-kinase inhibitor, blocked myoblast fusion even after myogenin expression initially increased. In contrast to the inhibitory effects of LY294002 on myogenin mRNA levels during the initiation of differentiation, LY294002 blocked the accumulation of myogenin protein without affecting its mRNA level after differentiation was induced. Treatment with cycloheximide, a translation inhibitor, or actinomycin D, a transcription inhibitor, indicated that the stability of myogenin protein is lower than that of its mRNA. LY294002 inhibited the activities of several important translation factors, including eukaryotic elongation factor-2(eEF2), by altering their phosphorylation status. In addition, LY294002 blocked the incorporation of [$^{35}S$]methionine into newly synthesized proteins. Since myogenin has a relatively short half-life, LY294002-mediated inhibition of post-transcriptional processes resulted in a rapid depletion of myogenin protein. In summary, these results suggest that PI3-kinase plays an important role in regulating the expression of myogenin through post-transcriptional mechanisms after differentiation has been induced.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.42 no.11
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• pp.783-793
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• 2019

When endoplasmic reticulum (ER) functions are perturbed, the ER induces several signaling pathways called unfolded protein response to reestablish ER homeostasis through three ER transmembrane proteins: inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1), PKR-like ER kinase (PERK), and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6). Although it is important to measure the activity of ATF6 that can indicate the status of the ER, no specific cell-based reporter assay is currently available. Here, we report a new cell-based method for monitoring ER stress based on the cleavage of $ATF6{\alpha}$ by sequential actions of proteases at the Golgi apparatus during ER stress. A new expressing vector was constructed by using fusion gene of GAL4 DNA binding domain (GAL4DBD) and activation domain derived from herpes simplex virus VP16 protein (VP16AD) followed by a human $ATF6{\alpha}$ N-terminal deletion variant. During ER stress, the GAL4DBD-VP16AD(GV)-$hATF6{\alpha}$ deletion variant was cleaved to liberate active transcription activator encompassing GV-$hATF6{\alpha}$ fragment which could translocate into the nucleus. The translocated GV-$hATF6{\alpha}$ fragment strongly induced the expression of firefly luciferase in HeLa Luciferase Reporter cell line containing a stably integrated 5X GAL4 site-luciferase gene. The established double stable reporter cell line HLR-GV-$hATF6{\alpha}$(333) represents an innovative tool to investigate regulated intramembrane proteolysis of $ATF6{\alpha}$. It can substitute active pATF6(N) binding motif-based reporter cell lines.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.545-554
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to empirically examine the effects of CSR activities on a defense manufacturing employees' organizational trust and job satisfaction and the mediating effect of organizational trust. To conduct such examinationusing, 289 valid samples collected from field employees of H-company(defense manufacturer) in Chang Won. The empirical analysis results are summarized as follows. First, corporate CSR activities were found to affect job satisfaction of field employees. Second, corporate CSR activities were analyzed to be a very important motivator for field employees. In other words, it can be interpreted that employees who perceive that their organization is actively fulfilling social responsibilities have a high level of perception of organizational trust. Third, it was found that the higher the organizational trust of the employees, the higher the job satisfaction. Fourth, as a result of verifying whether there is a mediating effect of organizational trust in the relationship between corporate CSR activity and job satisfaction, it was found that the full mediating effect and the partial mediating effect were mixed.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.8
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• pp.232-239
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• 2021

In this study, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of Silvetia siliquosa extracts were identified. Antioxidant experiments included polyphenol concentration measurements, flavonoid concentration measurements, DPPH experiments, ABTS experiment NO experiments, and FRAP experiments. For polyphenols, 54.85 ± 2.79 mg/g was shown. Flavonoids showed 18.70 ± 5.26 mg/g. The DPPH experiment showed an antioxidant function of 3.950 mg ascorbic acid/g extract, the ABTS experiment showed an antioxidant function of 7.418 mg ascorbic acid/g extract, and the NO experiment showed an antioxidant function of 6.056 mg ascorbic acid/g extract. In FRAP, 1 mg of the moxibustion extract showed a reduction of 3.633 ± 0.280 ㎍ of ascorbic acid. In the meantime, cell experiments showed cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory functions against inflammation induced by LPS. In cytotoxicity experiments, Silvetia siliquosa extracts showed a cell survival rate of more than 80% at all concentrations, and an inflammatory inhibition of 26.94±0.52% at a concentration of 100 ㎍/mL. These results indicate that Silvetia siliquosa extract is available as an anti-inflammatory cosmetic material.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.7
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• pp.264-271
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• 2021

In this study, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of Sargassum patens extracts were identified. Antioxidant experiments included polyphenol concentration measurements, flavonoid concentration measurements, DPPH experiments, ABTS experiment NO experiments, and FRAP experiments. For polyphenols, 18.99±0.69 mg/g was shown. Flavonoids showed 11.89±1.16 mg/g. The DPPH experiment showed an antioxidant function of 19.78 mg ascorbic acid/g extract, the ABTS experiment showed an antioxidant function of 63.64 mg ascorbic acid/g extract, and the NO experiment showed an antioxidant function of 7.966 mg ascorbic acid/g extract. In FRAP, 1 mg of the moxibustion extract showed a reduction of 2.089 ㎍ of ascorbic acid. In the meantime, cell experiments showed cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory functions against inflammation induced by LPS. In cytotoxicity experiments, Sargassum patens extracts showed a cell survival rate of more than 80% at all concentrations, and an inflammatory inhibition of 30.64±0.23% at a concentration of 100 ㎍/mL. These results indicate that Sargassum patens extract is available as an anti-inflammatory cosmetic material.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.47-54
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• 2019

The technical standard is an important factor in the national economy, and its importance is gaining more attention due to the emergence of the convergence industry. This is an essential element for implementing fusion technology because it ensures interoperability. Since standardization activities are essential for the growth of domestic SMEs, this study aims to diagnose the status of standardization activities of SMEs and to suggest policy directions accordingly. And we sought to clarify the status of the standardization activities of domestic SMEs and to draw some implications for the domestic promotion plan by examining the major promotion policies for overseas standardization successfully. As a result, it was found that the investment cost for the standard activities is burdensome, the professional manpower is needed, and the participation of SMEs is low due to the complexity of the standard technology. In addition, standardization activities have weaknesses in terms of technology protection, and SMEs tend to avoid technology disclosure. Therefore, in order to solve the difficulties of standardization of companies, it is necessary to establish cooperation system of supporting organizations. In order to promote standardization activities, it is necessary to establish legal basis necessary for technology protection.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.246-251
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• 2021

This study is analyzed survey based on classes of computational thinking to identify problem solving ability, to reflect them in curriculum plan for software education. Through analyzing difficulties on computational thinking learners by pre/post test on problem solving ability, the education method of software curriculum was proposed. For this study, the subject, scope of content, and activity plan were organized into 15 weeks of software curriculum for 2 hours per week, and questionnaire was conducted for 63 students. As a result, the 'Humanities Departments' have shown higher problem solving ability improvement than 'Science and Engineering Departments'. Based on the results, in order to cultivate creative fusion-type talent, the theoretical systems that fundamentally define thinking and perception must be fused with each other. In addition, software education should be improved to be extended to non-majors in various fields.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.135-143
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• 2022

In this study, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of Colpomenia sinuosa extracts were identified. Antioxidant experiments included DPPH, ABTS, nitrite scavenging experiments, and FRAP, polyphenol concentration measurements, flavonoid concentration measurements. DPPH assay results showed an antioxidant function of 2.821 mg ascorbic acid/g extract. ABTS assay results showed an antioxidant function of 3.923 mg ascorbic acid/g extract. nitrite assay results showed an antioxidant function of 17.89 mg ascorbic acid/g extract. In FRAP, 1 mg of the Colpomenia sinuosa extract showed a reduction of 2.062±0.177 ㎍ of ascorbic acid. For polyphenols, 62.85±3.18 mg/g was shown. Flavonoids showed 10.01±0.24 mg/g. In the meantime, cell experiments showed cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory functions. In cytotoxicity experiments, Colpomenia sinuosa extracts showed cytotoxicity of less than 20% and an inflammatory inhibition of 30.93±2.93% at a concentration of 100 ㎍/mL. These results indicate that Colpomenia sinuosa extract is available as functional cosmetic material.