• 한국식품조리과학회지
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.193-203
• /
• 2006

The quality characteristics of cookies containing black rice flour, which has a greater variety of functional components than wheat flour, were studied. The results of the pasting properties shows that the inclusion of black rice flour to the wheat flour-mixture did not affect the pasting temperature but increased the enthalpy, indicating that more energy is needed for the starch gelatinization. The total dietary fiber and total polyphenol content increased and the cookies color became darker and deeper with increasing black rice flour content. According to the results from TA on texture, the hardness decreased and the crispness increased significantly (both, p<0.001) with increasing black rice flour content. From the acceptance test, the appearance, aroma and texture of the cookies with added black rice flour were significantly (p<0.001) lower than those of the wheat flour cookies. However, the taste and overall acceptance of the cookies with added black rice (lour did not differ significantly from those of the wheat flour cookies. According to the results from the sensory evaluation, the aroma, black rice flavor, crispness, graininess and color(gray-violet) of the cookies increased significantly(p<0.001) with increasing black rice flour content and those of the cookies with 30% black rice flour had the highest values among the cookies which weren't significantly different from those of the cookies with 20% black rice flour. From the above results, the optimal ratio for the addition of black rice flour to the cookies was 10% from the viewpoint of the sensory evaluation and functional components.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
• /
• 제18권6호
• /
• pp.1404-1410
• /
• 2009

Chestnut flours (CFs) were produced from 3 chestnut samples (Aydin, Kutahya, and Bursa) by 2 different methods (boiled and oven-dried: BOD-CF and freeze-dried: FD-CF). Functional properties and effects of CF addition (10, 20, and 30%) on the qualities of regular and low-fat cookie were investigated. The freeze drying significantly increased water solubility of CFs but decreased their water binding capacity. The emulsion capacity and stability of FD-CFs were higher than those of BOD-CFs. At pH 4, 6, 8, and 10 FD-CFs had better gelation properties. Spread ratio (SR) values of BOD-CF supplemented regular or low-fat cookies decreased with increasing CF levels. Hardness values of CF supplemented regular cookies were generally lower compared to control. SR and hardness values of FD-CF supplemented cookies were higher than those of BOD-CF supplemented ones. Surface colors of the cookies were darker with FD-CF addition as compared to BODCF addition. In low-fat cookies, the sample supplemented with 10% Kutahya FD-CF had the highest taste-flavor value. FDCF supplementation generally resulted in higher appearance and taste-flavor scores than BOD-CF supplementation in cookies.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.517-523
• /
• 2017

Hovenia dulcis fruit powder (HFP) has shown diverse functional activities; thus, it is rational to incorporate HFP into suitable food products with enhanced nutritional and functional quality, and their incorporation into bakery products such as cookies could be a good alternative for the increase of consumption. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of HFP addition on the quality characteristics of cookies. The pH of cookie doughs ranged from 5.80-6.34, with no remarkable differences by HFP addition. Density of cookie doughs significantly decreased upon addition of HFP (p<0.05), but there were no significant differences among samples added with HFP (p>0.05). Moisture content and spread factor of cookies significantly increased with higher content of HFP in the formulation (p<0.05). For color values of cookie surface, $L^*$ and $b^*-values$ decreased while $a^*-value$ increased as a result of HFP substitution (p<0.05). 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activities were significantly increased (p<0.05) with higher substitution of HFP, showing a positive correlation. Hedonic sensory results indicated that cookies supplemented with 4% HFP received the most favorable acceptance scores for sensory attributes. Overall, HFP-added cookies could be developed with improved physicochemical qualities without sacrificing consumer acceptability.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
• /
• 제20권6호
• /
• pp.607-613
• /
• 2004

감자 껍질을 재활용하는 효율적인 이용과 감자에 함유된 기능성물질을 기능성식품의 신소재로서 개발하기 위하여, 감자 껍질을 밀가루 무게의 대해서 $0\%,\;10\%,\;15\%,\;20\%$를 각각 첨가한 쿠키를 제조하여 바람직한 감자 껍질의 첨가량을 알고자 감자 껍질 첨가 쿠키의 색도, 텍스쳐, 관능검사에 의한 기호도를 측정한 결과는 다음과 같다. 감자 껍질의 첨가량이 증가할수록 쿠키 반죽의 수분함량이 증가되어 퍼짐성은 증가하였다. 감자껍질 첨가 쿠키의 텍스쳐 측정에서 경도(hardness)는 감자 껍질의 첨가량이 증가할수록 낮게 나타났다. 응집성(cohesiveness), 탄력성, 파쇄성 모두 대조구에 비해 $10\%$ 첨가 쿠키가 높은 증가를 보였고 $15\%,\;20\%$ 첨가 쿠키는 대조구에 비해 낮아져 밀가루 량에 비해 감자 껍질의 수분양이 증가할수록 쿠키의 경도, 응집성, 탄력성 모두 저하되나 감자 껍질 $10\%$ 첨가 쿠키는 대조구에 비해 경도는 낮아졌으나 응집성, 탄력성은 대조구에 비해 증가되었고 파쇄성은 유사한 결과를 나타내었다. 감자쿠키 100g 중의 총 glycoalkaloid 함량은 6.27mg, 9.40mg, 12.54mg으로 모두 USDA Guide line 기준으로 안전한 수치이면서 기능성 쿠키로서 개발이 가능한 효능의 수치였다. 관능검사에서는 감자 껍질을 $10\%$ 첨가한 쿠키는 맛, 색, 향기, 질감, 종합적인 평가의 모든 항목에서 높은 평가를 보였다. 이상의 결과들을 종합해 볼 때 본 연구에서는 감자 껍질을 첨가한 쿠키를 만들 경우 감자 껍질의 량은 밀가루의 $10\%$를 첨가하는 것이 가장 좋은 결과로 나타났다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제40권6호
• /
• pp.832-838
• /
• 2011

아밀로스 함량이 다른 진수미와 밀양261호 쌀가루를 첨가하여 제조한 쌀쿠키의 품질특성을 조사하였다. 반죽의 밀도는 진수미를 첨가한 쿠키가 쌀가루 첨가에 따라 감소하였으나 밀양261호는 첨가량에 따른 유의적인 차이는 없었으며, 반죽의 pH는 쌀가루 첨가에 따라 대조구에 비하여 낮은 값을 나타내었다. 쿠키의 수분함량은 쌀가루 함량이 많아짐에 따라 증가하였으며 특히 진수미 첨가 쿠키의 수분함량이 높았으며, 퍼짐성에서는 진수미와 밀양261호 첨가 쿠키 모두 쌀가루를 50% 대체한 쿠키가 대조구보다 유의적으로 높은 퍼짐성을 보였다. 쌀쿠키의 경도는 아밀로스 함량이 높을수록 낮아졌으며, 노화도 측정결과 저장 4일째 밀양261호 첨가 쿠키는 30% 이상 첨가 시 경도의 변화가 거의 없어 노화에 큰 영향이 없었다. 관능평가 결과 대조구가 다른 쌀가루 첨가구보다 좋은 결과를 보였으며 쌀가루 함량이 높아질수록 색과 풍미, 경도 등에서 낮은 점수를 보여 쌀가루보다 밀가루의 풍미와 식감을 선호하는 것을 나타내었다. 이와 같은 결과를 통하여 밀양261호가 쌀쿠키 제조에 있어서 좋은 가공적성을 보였으며, 특히 쌀가루가 30% 이상 첨가된 쿠키는 노화에 대한 안정성을 보였다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
• /
• 제31권6호
• /
• pp.733-740
• /
• 2015

This study was performed to examine the functional and quality characteristics of rice cookies with added Ligularia fischeri (Ledeb.) Turcz. powder. Rice cookies were prepared with different amounts (0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2% to the flour quantity) of Ligularia fischeri powder. The antioxidant activities of Ligularia fischeri powder, specifically the total phenolic content, DPPH free radical scavenging activity and reducing power were found to be 212.19 mg GAE/g, $11.78{\mu}g/mL$11.78 ($IC_{50}$), and 2.33 (O.D.), respectively. The antioxidant activities of the rice cookies with added Ligularia fischeri powder increased with increasing concentrations of Ligularia fischeri powder. Regarding the hunter's color value of rice cookies with added Ligularia fischeri powder, L (lightness) and a (redness) values decreased (p<0.001) with increasing concentrations of Ligularia fischeri powder, whereas b (yellowness) values increased (p<0.01). The consumer acceptability score for the 3% Ligularia fischeri rice cookie groups ranked significantly (p<0.001) higher than the other groups in color, flavor, taste, texture and overall preference. These results suggest that Ligularia fischeri powder will be useful as a functional food resource with antioxidant activities.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
• /
• 제21권6호
• /
• pp.685-694
• /
• 2006

The quality characteristics of cookies containing brown rice flour, which has a greater variety of functional components than wheat flour, were studied. The results of the pasting properties shows that the inclusion of brown rice flour to the wheat flour-mixture did not affect the pasting temperature for up to 30% inclusion. The total dietary fiber and total polyphenol content increased and color of the cookies became darker with increasing brown rice flour content. According to the results from TA on texture, the hardness decreased and the crispness increased significantly(p<0.001, p<0.05, respectively) with increasing brown rice flour content. From the acceptance test, the aroma and texture of the cookies with added brown rice flour were significantly(p<0.001) lower than those of the wheat flour cookies. However, the appearance, taste, and overall acceptance of the cookies with added brown rice flour did not differ significantly from those of the wheat flour cookies. According to the results from the sensory evaluation, the savory aroma of the cookie with 30% brown rice flour was significantly strong(p<0.001). The brown rice flavor of the cookies with brown rice flour was significantly stronger(p<0.001) than that of the wheat flour cookie, but there were no significant differences among the cookies with brown rice flour in it. The crispness of the cookies increased significantly(p<0.001) with the inclusion of brown rice flour in the mixture, especially for the mixture with 30% brown rice flour which had the highest value of crispness among the cookies. The graininess and brown color of the cookies increased significantly(p<0.001) with increasing brown rice flour content, especially for the mixture with 30% brown rice flour which had the highest values among the cookies.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
• /
• 제29권3호
• /
• pp.275-281
• /
• 2013

This study was performed to evaluate the quality characteristics and antioxidative activities of cookies prepared with different amounts of purple sweet potato powder. Moisture and crude ash contents were lowest in the control group followed in order by the 10%, 20%, and 30% purple sweet potato powder addition groups. The lightness and yellowness values measured by Hunter color system decreased based on the amount of purple sweet potato powder concentration added to cookies. The total phenolic compound and anthocyanin contents were the highest in 30% purple sweet potato powder added cookies. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of 30% purple sweet potato powder added cookies showed the highest values among groups. In the sensory evaluation, the scores for taste, texture and overall preference were significantly highest in cookies with 10% and 20% purple sweet potato powder. Considering the scores of antioxidant activity and sensory evaluation, the concentration of between 10% and 20% addition of purple sweet potato powder would be ideal for development of functional cookies.

• 한국조리학회지
• /
• 제23권7호
• /
• pp.88-96
• /
• 2017

This study investigated the quality characteristics of cookies containing laver powder, which is well known for its various functions and biological activity. This study assessed the quality characteristics of cookies containing various concentrations (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8%) of laver powder(LP). To analyze quality characteristics, pH of dough, moisture content, color, hardness, and sensory properties were measured. Qualities, such as pH, brightness, and redness and yellowness and hardness decreased significantly (p<0.001). The total flavonoid and total polyphenol and ABTS radical scavenging activity were proportionally increased with increasing the level of laver powder added in cookies(p<0.001). The antioxidant activity measured by total flavonoid and total polyphenol activities was significantly higher than control and increased proportionally to the laver powder. The result of sensory test shows that sample group adding 2% of laver powder achieved the highest. Based on the above results, this study suggests that the addition of 2% laver powder may be the best substitution ratio for cookies of the improvement of sensory preference and antioxidant. This study exhibited both the functional and health based benefits of laver when it is added to cookies and confirmed the development feasibility of laver cookies considering consumer satisfaction.

• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제33권6호
• /
• pp.672-680
• /
• 2020

This study was conducted to effectively supplement vitamin D and increase the consumption of ear mushroom based on the investigation of the quality characteristics of cookies containing ear mushroom supplemented with vitamin D. Cookies were made of 0%, 1%, 3%, and 5% ear mushroom powder treated by ultraviolet B. Increased addition of ear mushroom powder led to a decrease in the bulk density of the dough as well as a spread factor, color value, and hardness of the cookies. There was no significant difference in the loss rate, but the water content of the dough and cookies was increased. The total polyphenol content of cookies added with 1~5% ear mushroom powder was higher than that of the 0%. The DPPH free radical scavenging activity of cookies added with 5% ear mushroom powder (23.8%) was 2 times higher than that of the 0% (10.9%). The vitamin D2 content of cookies added with 5% ear mushroom powder (835.5 ㎍/100 g D.W.) was 44 times higher than that of the 0% (19.0 ㎍/100 g D.W.). Consequently, ear mushroom powder is considered to be suitable for the production of functional cookies because of high values of antioxidant activity and vitamin D2 content.