• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.915-924
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• 2010

Muscular strength in the elderly is important factors deciding on functional state in daily lives, and functional state shows a health condition. Resistance training to prevent loss of muscle mass and muscle fiber atrophy due to aging can increase muscle mass and strength. Recently, resistance training to improve muscular strength and endurance has been actively researched. Resistance training increases activities of daily living and ability of the elderly, which makes healthy senescent. ADL/IADL is suitable for measuring health condition of the elderly. In this study, target muscles of resistance training were chosen through a correlation analysis between ADLs and elementary motion, and we presented a procedure to select target muscles and exercise equipments. This procedure consist of a survey method that were described detailed motion of ADL/IADL. So we should be to extract resistance training machine to improve functions of regarding fundamental motion. Result of study may improve daily life activities of the elderly through objectives and scientific approaches. Furthermore, it will be helpful to studies about various fields of the elderly.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.485-491
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• 2009

In present work, NiO/YSZ anode functional layer was prepared by nano NiO powder and 8YSZ powder. The nano NiO powders were made by Pulsed wire evaporation (PWE) method. Nano NiO- YSZ functional layer was sintered at the temperature of $900-1400^{\circ}C$. The prepared functional layer was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The nano NiO- YSZ anode functional layer sintered at $1300^{\circ}C$ shows the lowest polarization resistance. Nano NiO- YSZ anode functional layer shows about two times smaller polarization resistance than the anode functional layer made by commercial NiO-YSZ powders. Based on these experimental results, it is concluded that the nano NiO-YSZ cermet is suitable as a anode functional layer operated at $800^{\circ}C$.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.282-287
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• 2011

Bacterial pustule (BP) is a leaf disease of soybean that is most common in Korea. Inoculation of 8ra, pathogen strain, to resistant and susceptible cultivars for finding the BP resistance gene (rxp) was much tried but the sequence of the exact gene is not found. This research performed in order to confirm the rxp gene near molecular marker by using the resistant and susceptible cultivars. Soybean BP resistance gene which related to region of near molecular marker could select the resistant cultivar. For the near molecular marker of rxp, reference genomics data available at sequenced Phytozome was used for designing molecular markers. The rxp was mapped between Satt372 and Satt486 on chromosome 17. According to previous study, rxp released in find mapping 7.2 Mbp to 7.3 Mbp on chromosome 17. In this study, we developed 3 random markers near from 6.6 Mbp to 7.3 Mbp on chromosome 17 identified to increase the genetic resolution of the rxp gene region using resistant and susceptible cultivars. Particularly, Rxp17-700 marker was mostly coincided resistance and susceptible genotype to rxp. This result suggests that Rxp17-700 marker will be more tightly linked to rxp gene.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.220-226
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• 2013

The uncertainty in statistical noise resistance measurement was evaluated for a type 316 stainless steel in NaCl solutions at room temperature. Sensitivity coefficients were determined for measurands or variables such as NaCl concentration, pH, solution temperature, surface roughness, inert gas flow rate and bias potential amplitude. The coefficients were larger for the variables such as NaCl concentration, pH, inert gas flow rate and solution temperature, and they were the major factors increasing the combined standard uncertainty of noise resistance. However, the contribution to the uncertainty in noise resistance measurement from the above variables was remarkably low compared to that from repeated measurements of noise resistance, and thus, it is difficult to lower the uncertainty in noise resistance measurement significantly by lowering the uncertainties related with NaCl concentration, pH, inert gas flow rate and solution temperature. In addition, the uncertainty in noise resistance measurement was high amounting to 17.3 % of the mean, indicating that the reliability in measurement of noise resistance is low.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.519-527
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• 2016

Purple blotch, caused by Alternaria porri (Ellis) Cifferi, is a serious disease incurring heavy yield losses in the bulb and seed crop of onion and garlic worldwide. There is an immediate need for identification of effective resistance sources for use in host resistance breeding. A total of 43 Allium genotypes were screened for purple blotch resistance under field conditions. Allium cepa accession 'CBT-Ac77' and cultivar 'Arka Kalyan' were observed to be highly resistant. In vitro inoculation of a selected set of genotypes with A. porri, revealed that 7 days after inoculation was suitable to observe the disease severity. In vitro screening of 43 genotypes for resistance to A. porri revealed two resistant lines. An additional 14 genotypes showed consistent moderate resistance in the field as well as in vitro evaluations. Among the related Allium species, A. schoenoprasum and A. roylei showed the least disease index and can be used for interspecific hybridization with cultivated onion. Differential reaction analysis of three A. porri isolates (Apo-Chiplima, Apn-Nasik, Apg-Guntur) in 43 genotypes revealed significant variation among the evaluated Allium species (P = 0.001). All together, the present study suggest that, the newly identified resistance sources can be used as potential donors for ongoing purple blotch resistance breeding program in India.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.805-812
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• 2011

The elderly population has been dramatically increasing over the past years, but most of the population has developed chronic diseases and handicaps due to aging. High-intensity resistance training is one of the most effective ways to improve muscular strength, but it is unclear whether body composition and functional fitness would be increased by high-intensity resistance training. The aim of this investigation was to explore whether 12 weeks of high-intensity training would improve muscular strength, body composition, and functional fitness in women over the age of 70 years. Twenty-four participants were randomly assigned to a high-intensity resistance training group (n=8), a low-intensity resistance training group (n=8), and a control group (n=8). The experimental groups exercised 3 days per week for 12 weeks at a local fitness center. An analysis of variance(ANOVA) with repeated measures was used for analysis. The results showed that there was a significant improvement in agility and muscular strength following the high-intensity resistance training. Moreover, Moreover, %body fat and body fat mass decreased significantly after the 12 weeks of high-intensity resistance training(p<0.05). Based on these results, it was concluded that high-intensity resistance training is efficient for women over the age 70 years in increasing their muscular strength and functional fitness and reducing their total body fat mass.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.10-17
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to determine the consequence of resistance strengthening exercise on the hip flexor and extensor performed to improve functional mobility in stroke patients more than six months post stroke. Seventeen patients were randomized into two groups. Both groups received conventional physical therapy for six weeks. In addition, the experimental group performed eccentric resistance strengthening exercise in the hip flexor and extensor using an isokinetic dynamometer. The hip flexor and extensor strength, stair up and down mobility, timed get up and go (TUG), 10 m gait velocity, and functional reach were repeatedly measured at baseline, three weeks, and six weeks after treatment. The results were as follows: 1. The experimental group improved more remarkably in the hip flexor and extensor strength, stair up and down mobility, and the 10 m gait velocity after three weeks and six weeks of treatment (p<.05), 2. The control group improved significantly in the hip flexor and extensor strength, and 10 m gait velocity after three weeks of treatment (p<.05), 3. At each three and six week point, the experimental group made greater gains in hip flexor and extensor strength, stair up and down mobility, and 10 m gait velocity than the control group (p<.05). In conclusion, it is desirable to perform resistance strengthening exercises combined with conventional physical therapy to improve functional mobility in chronic stroke patients.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.38 no.1 s.113
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• pp.45-53
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• 2006

This study was carried out to produce high functional and biodegradable coating agents for pulp mold by evaluating various kinds of biodegradable polymers. Five kinds of biodegradable polymers were used. In addition, the mixture of the carboxymethylated starch and biodegradable polymers(${\kappa}$-carrageenan, chitosan) were used for mixed coating agents. Physical properties of coated paperboards were evaluated. Conclusions obtained were as follows. 4% ${\kappa}$-carrageenan and 5% chitosan showed higher water and oil resistance. 10% sodium alginate, 4% corn zein and 15% polycaprolactone showed high water resistance while no improvement was found on oil resistance. The optimum mixture ratios for the mixed coating agents were 90:10(carboxymethylated starch : ${\kappa}$-carrageenan) and 50:50(carboxymethylated starch : chitosan). Since these mixed coating agents have excellent biodegradability with higher water and oil resistance, these can be used for the environmental-friendly coating agents.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.221-237
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• 1997

In an attempt to measure effects of the Programmed Resistance Exercise on the daily performance of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, a quasi-experiment ; non-synchronised control group pre-post-test, was carried out for 8 weeks : from June 3 to November 29, 1996. 25 for the experimental group and 26 for the control group were conveniently sampled among registered out-patients on rheumatoid arthritis clinic of Anam Hospital, Korea University Medical Center. The programmed experimental resistance exercises were carried out by the experimental group five times a week for eight weeks. Before and after experiments, level of functional task performance, functional disability, joint mobility, ESR, CRP, self-efficacy and family support were measured and statistically analysed. The results of the analysis of the effects on the Programmed Resistance Exercise are as follows : 1. A statistically significant post-test effects on functional task performance were revealed : 1) the experimental group climbed up and down the 10 steps of the stairs significantly faster than the control group(P=0.0001). 2) the experimental group walked 100 m significantly faster than the control group (P=0.0000). 3) After the experiment, the experimental group could sit down and get up from chairs with no armrest as low as 30cm, 40cm, 50cm on their on, with no assistance as opposed to the control group who could not sit down and get up from such low chairs (P=0.0084). 4) the experimental group lifted 0-15 kg object up to their own heights with no specific strain than the control group (P=0.0000). 2. A significant reduction in the functional disabilities was revealed in the experimental group(P=0.0017). 3. A notable incresement of the joint mobility was revealed in the experimental group. 4. A decrease in the ESR in both the experimental and the control groups was noticed, however, the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.9546). 5. The CRP of both the experimental and control groups decreased with no significant difference (P=0.6022). 6. The self-efficacy increased significantly in the experimental group(P=0.0042), however, no significant effect of self-efficacy on the actual practice of the program was noticed. 7. The family support revealed to be significantly higher in the experimental group (P=0.0013), however, the effect of the family support on actual practice of the program revealed not significant. Judging from the results of these experiments, the resistance exercise program not only improves the functional capacity of rheumatoid arthritis, but also diminishes their functional disabilities and has a great influence on increasing their joint mobility, self-efficacy, and family support. Concluding, in promoting the daily performance of rheumatoid arthritis, the resistance exercise program would be an appropriate nursing intervention.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.289-297
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• 2005

In order to improve resistant properties of water-borne acrylic pressure sensitive adhesives(PSAs) for automobiles, this study was carried out. Removable PSAs for automobiles were synthesized by emulsion polymerization of monomers, n-butyl acrylate(BA), n-butyl methacrylate(BMA), acrylonitrile(AN), acrylic acid(AA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate(2-HEMA), and AA and 2-HEMA could act as functional monomers for crosslink. Emulsion polymerization was carried out in a semi-batch type reactor. Water resistance, heat resistance, acid resistance, alkali resistance and smoke resistance were examined. As a result, water resistance increased with the amount of BMA, however, the effect of BMA content on the water resistance was insignificant at a range of over 14 wt%. The water resistance also increased with the amount of functional monomers, AA and 2-HEMA. The prepared PSAs satisfied all the standard for automobiles except heat resistance. However, the heat resistance comes nearly up to the standard. Also, acid resistance, alkali resistance and smoke resistance of the prepared PSAs satisfied with the standard.