• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1993년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.11-17
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• 1993

In this study, the fundamental properties of High-Strength Concrete(HSC), such as the slump loss, the temperature increment, the strength development, are considered by experiment. In reducing the temperature and the slump loss, and developing the strength of HSC, the application of silica fume as an admixtures is very effective. And when gypsum is added, the slump loss is reduced and the strength of HSC is improved remarkably, but the temperature of concrete is increased, thus a more study to reduce the temperature increment is required

• 산업기술연구
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• 제16권
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• pp.31-38
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• 1996

This experimental study was conducted to analyze the characteristics of centrifugal pipes which were made of silica fume concrete. External load tests showed that maximum external load ranged from 1,100~5,300kgf/m with thickness ratio(t/D) of between 4.5%~10.0%. Correlation between thickness ratios and external loads was excellent with $R^2$ of 0.99. Respective correlation between measured and computed vertical deformation was good with $R^2$ of higher than 0.90. And therefore, vertical deformation and tensile stress of centrifugal concrete pipes may be theoretically computed with a good precision.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1991년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.21-25
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• 1991

For the purpose of improving the compressive strength of concrete, the high strength concrete which have the compressive strength about 800kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$ were made by using silica fume and high range water reducing admixture on reducing the water-cement ratio. But the facts that the slump loss of high strength concrete was high and the tensile strength and elastic modulus were not improved enough are indicated to problems which must be solved.

• 월간산업보건
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• 제8호통권244호
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• pp.11-13
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• 2008

• 시멘트 심포지엄
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• 15호
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• pp.58-64
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• 1987

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.58-66
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• 2012

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to review clinical characteristics and working environments of sudden cardiac death (SCD) cases associated with a tire manufacturer in Korea, and review possible occupational risk factors for cardiovascular disease including nanoparticles (ultrafine particles, UFPs). Methods: We reviewed (i) the clinical course of SCD cases and (ii) occupational and non-occupational risk factors including chemicals, the physical work environment, and job characteristics. Results: Possible occupational factors were chemicals, UFPs of rubber fume, a hot environment, shift work, overworking, and noise exposure. The mean diameter of rubber fume (63-73 nm) was (larger than diesel exhaust [12 nm] and outdoor dust [50 nm]). The concentration of carbon disulfide, carbon monoxide and styrene were lower than the limit of detection. Five SCD cases were exposed to shift work and overworking. Most of the cases had several non-occupational factors such as hypertension, overweight and smoking. Conclusion: The diameter of rubber fume was larger than outdoor and the diesel exhaust, the most well known particulate having a causal relationship with cardiovascular disease. The possibility of a causal relation between UFPs of rubber fume and SCD was not supported in this study. However, it is necessary to continue studying the relationship between large sized UFPs and SCD.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.110-117
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 양생온도변화에 따른 자기수축의 예측을 위하여 FA 및 SF를 치환한 시멘트모르타르를 대상으로 자기수축변화를 측정하고 이를 등가재령방법으로 해석하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 수화반응의 온도민감도를 고려하는 Ea의 변화에 따라 지수함수모델을 이용하여 자기수축 해석을 실시하였는데, 경화단계의 $E_a$를 이용할 경우 응결단계의 $E_a$를 사용한 경우보다 정확한 해석이 가능한 것으로 나타났는데, 이는 경화의 전단계에 걸친 수화의 온도민감도 영향을 반영한 $E_a$값에 기인된 결과로 사료된다.

• 분석과학
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.447-459
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• 1999

용접 흄에 존재하는 6가 크롬의 분석방법을 평가하기 위하여 깨끗한 PVC여과지와 용접 흄 매트릭스의 여과지에 일정량의 6가 크롬과 3가 크롬을 첨가한 후 NIOSH 7600 및 7604의 알카리 추출방법, 마그네슘 첨가방법, 아세트산 나트륨 완충액 추출로 전처리를 하여 분광광도계(DPC), 유도결합플라스마-광학발광분석법(ICP-OES), 이온크로마토그래피(IC)로 분석하였다. 위 전처리 방법은 모두 부적절하여 새로운 방법으로 알카리 용액상에서 초음파 추출하는 방법을 제안하였다. NIOSH에서 추천하는 2% NaOH/3% $Na_2CO_3$ 추출방법은 6가 크롬만 있을 때 적합하고 3가 크롬이 있으면 일부가 6가 크롬으로 산화된다. 산화 경향은 용접 흄이 있을 때 크게 나타났다. 분광광도계를 이용한 diphenylcarbazide방법은 저농도와 고농도의 6가 크롬이 있을 때 부적합하고 알카리 추출을 하면 ICP-OES분석방법이나 IC분석방법이 적합하다. 용접 흄 중 6가 크롬을 전처리하는 방법으로 NIOSH 방법의 $135^{\circ}C$로 가열하는 대신 초음파처리를 하면 3가의 6가로의 산화를 훨씬 억제할 수 있다. 즉, 2% NaOH/3% $Na_2CO_3$로 초음파처리를 60분 이내에 실시하여 IC 또는 ICP-OES(또는 AAS)로 측정하면 된다.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.597-605
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 동일 설계기준 강도를 목표로 혼화재의 종류 및 치환율을 달리하여 콘크리트 배합설계를 실시하였으며, 이에 따른 혼화재의 종류가 고강도 콘크리트의 내화성능에 미치는 영향을 검토하고자 ASTM E119의 표준가열온도 곡선에 따른 내화시험을 실시하였다. 그 결과, 고로슬래그를 치환하는 경우 폭렬량이 현저히 저감되는 것으로 나타났으며, 실리카흄을 추가하여 치환하는 경우 폭렬량이 가장 많은 것으로 나타났다. 특히 실리카흄을 단독으로 치환하는 경우 비교적 양호한 폭렬량을 나타냈으나, 고로슬래그와 함께 치환한 시험체의 경우 분말도가 높은 실리카흄이 공극을 밀실하게 함으로써 수증기압의 증가로 인해 폭렬량이 증가한 것으로 판단된다. 또한, 실리카흄을 5% 치환한 시험체의 경우, 고로슬래그 치환율이 증가함에 따라 상대적으로 큰 공극량은 감소하고 미세공극량이 증가함으로써 폭렬량 또한 증가하는 결과를 나타냈다.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.100-107
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• 1997

In case of a fire outbreak in a uni-directional road tunnel, the flow of traffic immediately behind the fire disaster will be stalled all the way back to the entrance of the tunnel. Furthermore, when the vehicle passengers try to flee away from the fire toward the entrance of the tunnel, the extremely hot fume that propagates in the same direction will be fatal to the multitudes evacuating, but may also cause damage to the ventilation equipments and the vehicles, compounding the evacuation process. This paper will present the 3-dimensional modelling analysis of the preventive measures of such a fume propagation in the same direction as the evacuating passengers. For the analysis, the fire hazard was assumed to be a perfect combustion of methane gas injected through the 1 m X 2 m nozzle in the middle of the tunnel, and the product of $CO_2$ as the indicator of the fume propagation. From the research results, when the fire hazard occurred in middle of the 400 m road tunnel, the air density decreased around the fire point, and the maximum temperatures were 996 K and 499 K at 210 m and 350 m locations, respectively, 60 seconds after fire disaster occurred, when the fumes were driven out only towards the exit-direction of the tunnel. By tracing the increase of $CO_2$ level over 1% mole fraction, the minimum longitudinal ventilation velocity was found to be 2.40 m/sec. Furthermore, through Analysis of the temperature distribution graphs, and observation of the cross-sectional distribution of $CO_2$ over 1% mole fraction, it was found that the fume did not mix with the air, but rather moved far in a laminar flow towards exit of the tunnel.