• 한국임상수의학회지
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.62-69
• /
• 2000

The effects of vaselin, silver sulfadiazine and propolis on healing of full-thickness skin defects were evaluated in rabbits. Two wounds measuring 2{times}2cm$ were created bilaterally (4 wounds/rabbit) on the dorsolateral aspect of the trunk of 17 Ne Zealand white. Wound treatments were evenly distributed 4 sites, using a Latin square design. Treatments evaluated were: vaselin(group A), silver sulfadiazine(group B), 5% propolis (group C) and 10% propolis(group D). On days 3, 7 and 14, mean percentage of wound in group A, B, and C. On days 21 and 28, mean percentage of wound contraction in group D were significantly higher than those of groups B and C, but were not higher than that of group A. Microscopically fibersis and epithelialization were noticed on days 14 and 28 after wounding in all group. Rates of fibrosis of collagen fiber and epithelialization of groups C and D were exceeded those of groups A and B. All wounds in all group achieved 100% healing during the 28-day study period. Results indicate that use of propolis as would ointment on full-thickness skin wounds in rabbits increase rate of healing.

• 대한산업공학회지
• /
• 제34권1호
• /
• pp.98-107
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this paper is to present an optimization scheme that aims at minimizing the expected cost per unittime. This study considers a linear connected-(r, s)-ouI-of-(m, n):f lattice system whose components are orderedlike the elements of a linear (m, n)-matrix. We assume that all components are in the state 1 (operating) or 0(failed) and identical and s-independent. The system fails whenever at least one connected (r, s)-submatrix offailed components occurs. To find the optimal threshold of maintenance intervention, we use a simulatedannealing(SA) algorithm for the cost optimization procedure. The expected cost per unit time is obtained byMonte Carlo simulation. We also has made sensitivity analysis to the different cost parameters. In this study,utility maintenance model is constructed so that minimize the expense under full equipment policy throughcomparison for the full equipment policy and preventive maintenance policy. The full equipment cycle and unitcost rate are acquired by simulated annealing algorithm. The SA algorithm is appeared to converge fast inmulti-component system that is suitable to optimization decision problem.

• 한국통신학회논문지
• /
• 제30권11C호
• /
• pp.1091-1097
• /
• 2005

본 논문에서는 H.264 동영상 표준 부호화 방식을 위한 고속 움직임 추정 기법을 제안한다. 제안된 고속 움직임 추정 기법은 움직임 벡터가 국부적으로 일정한 상관관계를 유지하고 있다는 특성을 이용하여 각 블록의 움직임 추정 시 부호화된 인접 블록의 움직임 벡터 값으로부터 주어진 탐색 영역 내에서 수평, 수직 방향 각각 독립적으로 불필요한 탐색 영역을 제거하여 축소된 비대칭 가변 크기 탐색 영역을 결정한다. 또한, 예측된 탐색 영역제약 조건을 이용하여 가변 단계 탐색 방식을 취하는 것을 특징으로 한다. 실험 결과를 통해 제안된 방식에 의해 움직임 추정 탐색 지점이 전영역 탐색 방식(Full Search)에 비해 평균 $98\%$ 이상 절감되었으며, PSNR과 비트율은 평균적으로 전영역 탐색 방식과 등일 수준인 것을 결과로부터 확인 할 수 있었다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
• /
• 제45권3호
• /
• pp.40-45
• /
• 2008

본 논문은 MIMO 시스템에서, 최대 전송률을 유지하면서 최대 다이버시티를 갖는 준직교 시공간 블록 부호 (QO-STBC : quasi orthogonal space time block codes)를 다차원 신호 공간에서 설계한다. QO-STBC 부호기 중 원형심볼(based-symbols)을 두 개의 신호 쌍으로 묶어서 변형된 새로운 신호를 전송하는 방식을 grouping QO-STBC 라고 한다. 이러한 grouping QO-STBC의 최대 다이버시티 조건을 기하학적으로 살펴보고, 다차원 신호 공간에서 신호를 설계하는 방법을 제안한다. 또한 다양한 신호 성상에 대하여 설계한 부호기의 성능을 분석하고 전산 모의실험을 통하여 성능분석의 타당성을 입증한다.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.286-295
• /
• 2015

Avionic databuses fulfill a critical function in the connection and communication of aircraft components and functions such as flight-control, navigation, and monitoring. Ethernet-based avionic databuses have become the mainstream for large aircraft owning to their advantages of full-duplex communication with high bandwidth, low latency, low packet-loss, and low cost. As a new generation aviation network communication standard, avionics full-duplex switched ethernet (AFDX) adopted concepts from the telecom standard, asynchronous transfer mode (ATM). In this technology, the switches are the key devices influencing the overall performance. This paper reviews the avionic databus with emphasis on the switch architecture classifications. Based on a comparison, analysis, and discussion of the different switch architectures, we propose a new avionic switch design based on a time-division switch fabric for high flexibility and scalability. This also merges the design concept of space-partition switch fabric to achieve reliability and predictability. The new switch architecture, called space partitioned shared memory switch (SPSMS), isolates the memory space for each output port. This can reduce the competition for resources and avoid conflicts, decrease the packet forwarding latency through the switch, and reduce the packet loss rate. A simulation of the architecture with optimized network engineering tools (OPNET) confirms the efficiency and significant performance improvement over a classic shared memory switch, in terms of overall packet latency, queuing delay, and queue size.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.339-348
• /
• 1997

본 논문에서는 일반적으로 잡음이 있는 MR 영상의 배경 영역을 영역분활 알고리듬으로 제거하고 이영역분할의 정보를 손실 부호화에 이용함으로써 데이터의 압축 효율을 높이는 방법을 제안한다. 영역분할 알고리듬은 여역의특성 추출을 위해 전해상도 웨이블렛 변화(full-resolution wavelet transform)을 이용하며, 얻은 특성등의 분류를 위해 Kohonen self-organizing map을 사용한다. 웨이블렛 변환을 이용한 부호기에서는 영역분활 결과 진단에 의미없는 부분으로 판단된 영역은 부호화 하지 않음으로써 압축효율을 향상시킨다. 제안한 알고리듬으로 MR영상들을 부호화한 결과, 영역분할 정보를 이용하지 않을 경우보다 평균적으로 약 15%정도의 비트율의 절약을 가져올 수 있었으며, 같은 압축률일 경우에는 복원된 영상이 JPEG에서보다 좋은 화질을 나타내었다.

• ETRI Journal
• /
• 제37권5호
• /
• pp.929-939
• /
• 2015

Ultra-high-frequency radio-frequency identification (UHF RFID) is widely applied in different industries. The Frame Slotted ALOHA in EPC C1G2 suffers severe collisions that limit the efficiency of tag recognition. An efficient full-duplex anti-collision scheme is proposed to reduce the rate of collision by coordinating the transmitting process of CDMA UWB uplink and UHF downlink. The relevant mathematical models are built to analyze the performance of the proposed scheme. Through simulation, some important findings are gained. The maximum number of identified tags in one slot is g/e (g is the number of PN codes and e is Euler's constant) when the number of tags is equal to mg (m is the number of slots). Unlike the Frame Slotted ALOHA, even if the frame size is small and the number of tags is large, there aren't too many collisions if the number of PN codes is large enough. Our approach with 7-bit Gold codes, 15-bit Gold codes, or 31-bit Gold codes operates 1.4 times, 1.7 times, or 3 times faster than the CDMA Slotted ALOHA, respectively, and 14.5 times, 16.2 times, or 18.5 times faster than the EPC C1 G2 system, respectively. More than 2,000 tags can be processed within 300 ms in our approach.

• Journal of Magnetics
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.246-252
• /
• 2011

A high-voltage power supply has been built for activation of the brain via stimulation using a Full Wave Cockroft-Walton Circuit (FWCW). A resonant half-bridge inverter was applied (with half plus/half minus DC voltage) through a bidirectional power transistor to a magnetic stimulation device with the capability of producing a variety of pulse forms. The energy obtained from the previous stage runs the transformer and FW-CW, and the current pulse coming from the pulse-forming circuit is transmitted to a stimulation coil device. In addition, the residual energy in each circuit will again generate stimulation pulses through the transformer. In particular, the bidirectional device modifies the control mode of the stimulation coil to which the current that exceeds the rated current is applied, consequently controlling the output voltage as a constant current mode. Since a serial resonant half-bridge has less switching loss and is able to reduce parasitic capacitance, a device, which can simultaneously change the charging voltage of the energy-storage condenser and the pulse repetition rate, could be implemented. Image processing of the brain activity was implemented using a graphical user interface (GUI) through a data mining technique (data mining) after measuring the vital signs separated from the frequencies of EEG and ECG spectra obtained from the pulse stimulation using a 90S8535 chip (AMTEL Corporation).

• 대한조선학회논문집
• /
• 제57권1호
• /
• pp.52-59
• /
• 2020

This study aims to investigate the bow thruster performance of the research vessel "NARA" by full-scale maneuvering trials. The thruster test method refers to ITTC's recommended procedures and guidelines. Turning tests with the bow thruster are performed at speed conditions of 0, 2, and 4 knots. The test results indicate that the Rate of Turn (ROT) increased when the ship is in a higher speed condition. Due to the position of the propeller and the housing of the bow thruster, there is difference in the efficiency of the bow thruster according to the turning direction. Zigzag tests with the bow thruster were conducted at speed conditions of 2 and 4 knots. At speeds above 4 knots, it seems difficult to change the course only with the bow thruster.

• 멤브레인
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.205-211
• /
• 2016

새롭게 제조된 납석기반 세라믹 멤브레인의 기본성능을 관찰하였다. 실규모 하수처리 membrane bioreactor (MBR) 미생물 고농도 현탁액을(MLSS : 약 6 g/L) 처리하는 납석기반 멤브레인 파울링 현상을 서로 다른 공기 폭기량과 막 간격에 대해 관찰하였다. 공극크기가 약 $1.0{\mu}m$인 비코팅 납석기반 세라믹 멤브레인 지지체의 순수투과도의 경우 약 $1100L/m^2{\cdot}hr{\cdot}bar$로 측정되었으나 알루미나로 코팅된 납석기반 세라믹 멤브레인은 공극크기의 감소로($0.3{\mu}m$) 순수 투과도는 두 배가량 감소하였다. 실규모 MBR 미생물 현탁액을 적용한 침지식 여과실험에서 납석 기반 세라믹 멤브레인 지지체의 경우 투과플럭스 20 LMH에서 공기폭기량을 증가시켰을 때 파울링은 감소하였다. 그러나 공기폭기가 파울링에 미치는 영향은 막간 간격에 상당히 의존하였다. 일정한 공기폭기 유량에서 막간간격의 증가는 파울링을 감소시켰으나 막간 간격을 3.5에서 5.4 cm로 증가시켰을 때 파울링 속도는 오히려 증가하였다. 알루미나 용액으로 표면코팅된 납석기반 지지체의 경우 유사한 결과가 관찰되었으나 파울링 속도는 코팅층이 없는 지지체에 비해 상대적으로 낮았다. 표면코팅에 상관없이 납석기반 지지체와 멤브레인의 경우 거의 완벽한 SS 제거효율을 나타내었다. 또한 납석 지지체 알루미나 표면코팅은 PEG (분자량 8,000 kDa)을 적용하였을 시 멤브레인의 유기물 배제율을 향상시켰다.