• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.985-994
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• 2018

바이오중유란 다양한 동 식물성 유지, 지방산 메틸에스테르, 지방산 에틸에스테르 및 그 부산물을 혼합하여 제조된 제품이며, 국내 기력 중유발전기의 연료(B-C)로 사용되고 있다. 그러나 이러한 바이오중유의 원료 조성 때문에 발전기의 보일러로 이송되는 연료펌프, 유량펌프, 인젝터 등의 연료 공급시스템에서 마찰마모를 유발할 경우 심각한 피해를 초래 할 수 있다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 발전용 바이오중유의 다양한 원료들의 연료특성과 이에 따른 윤활성을 평가하고, 발전기의 마찰마모 저감을 위한 발전용 바이오중유의 연료 구성 방안을 제시하였다. 발전용 바이오중유 원료물질의 윤활성(HFRR)은 평균 $137{\mu}m$이며, 원료물질에 따라 차이가 있으나 $60{\mu}m{\sim}214{\mu}m$ 분포를 보이고 있다. 이 중 윤활성이 좋은 순서는 Oleo pitch > BD pitch > CNSL > Animal fat > RBDPO > PAO > Dark oil > Food waste oil이다. 발전용 바이오중유의 원료 물질 3종으로 구성된 바이오중유 평가시료 5종에 대한 윤활성은 평균 $151{\mu}m$이며, $101{\mu}m{\sim}185{\mu}m$ 분포를 보이고 있다. 이 중 윤활성이 좋은 순서는 Fuel 1 > Fuel 3 > Fuel 4 > Fuel 2 > Fuel 5이다. 바이오중유 평가시료(평균 $151{\mu}m$)는 C중유($128{\mu}m$) 대비 낮은 윤활성을 나타내었다. 이는 발전용 바이오중유가 지방산 물질로 구성되어 있어 C중유보다 파라핀, 방향족 성분 함량이 낮아 점도가 낮고, 산가가 높기 때문에 산성 성분에 의한 윤활막 형성 저해에 따른 것으로 판단된다. 따라서, 적정 수준의 마찰마모 저감을 위해 윤활성을 증가 시킬 수 있는 바이오중유의 원료로서 Oleo pitch, BD pitch를 60% 이상 함유할 경우 연료 제조 시 윤활성 증가가 예상된다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.125-132
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• 2009

Cylinder shaped air-breathing PEMFC has been developed to have small volume, low contact resistance and better air accessibility to the open cathode. This cylinder shaped design consists of an anode cylinder with helical flow channel and a cathode current collector with slits. The pressure distribution measurement according to the shapes was performed. The test result indicated that cylinder shaped fuel cell has better pressure distribution compared with the planar shaped fuel cell. The better pressure distribution was connected to the higher performance. The maximum power density of cylinder shaped fuel cell was about 20% higher than the planar shaped fuel cell. The maximum power density of the developed cylinder shaped air-breathing PEMFC with dry hydrogen was $220\;mW/cm^2$ and with humidified hydrogen was $293\;mW/cm^2$.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.55-65
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• 2005

에어 터보 램제트 엔진 연소기에서 연료와 공기의 혼합성능은 연소 효율과 안정성에 중요한 요인이 된다. 에어 터보 램제트 축소모형의 연소기에서 혼합기에 따른 혼합성능을 파악하기 위하여 두개의 꽃잎형 혼합기를 제작하였고, 각각에 대하여 연료 분포를 측정하였다. 2차원 연료 분포 측정에는 평면 레이저 유도 형광 기법을 사용하였다. 획득한 아세톤 형광 이미지는 이미지 처리 기법을 사용하여 정량적 연료 분포로 나타내었다. 이러한 연료 분포 이미지를 바탕으로 연료와 공기의 혼합성능이 좋은 혼합기를 알아내었다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.267-276
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• 2017

In any reactor physics analysis, the instantaneous power distribution in the core can be calculated when the actual bundle-wise burnup distribution is known. Considering the fact that CANDU (Canada Deuterium Uranium) utilizes on-power refueling to compensate for the reduction of reactivity due to fuel burnup, in the CANDU fuel management analysis, snapshots of power and burnup distributions can be obtained by simulating and tracking the reactor operation over an extended period using various tools such as the $^*SIMULATE$ module of the Reactor Fueling Simulation Program (RFSP) code. However, for some studies, such as an evaluation of a conceptual design of a next-generation CANDU reactor, the preferred approach to obtain a snapshot of the power distribution in the core is based on the patterned-channel-age model implemented in the $^*INSTANTAN$ module of the RFSP code. The objective of this approach is to obtain a representative snapshot of core conditions quickly. At present, such patterns could be generated by using a program called RANDIS, which is implemented within the $^*INSTANTAN$ module. In this work, we present an alternative approach to derive the patterned-channel-age model where a simulated-annealing-based algorithm is used to find such patterns, which produce reasonable power distributions.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2013년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1163-1164
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• 2013

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제62권12호
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• pp.1792-1797
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• 2013

Recently, due to the excessive use of fossil fuels, many studies about the fossil fuels such as solar and fuel cell energy source are progressing. Fuel cell system has high energy conversion efficiency. Also, fuel cell system is environmentally friendly system because the carbon emission is almost not occur. Therefore, the fuel cell system is considered as the core technology of in the fields of the future energy and environmental. Fuel cell system has an effect on distribution power system because another power source of other than large power plants. So, fuel cell system can be reason of power quality in the power system. In this paper, we constructed the system for an assessment on Islanding. The system is composed with power source, Impedance coordination load and linear load, fuel cell system. we are performed assessment on voltage and power quality in customer and the distributed power system during the Islanding of residential fuel cell system. In addition, no change in the impedance of power system, we made a islanding condition only using the actual load, As a variation of generation and load current under islanding, an analysis results based on assessment system showed that the power qualities of distribution system became more aggravation as effect of voltage sag and voltage swell phenomena.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.72-78
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• 1994

Two kinds of $U_3Si$ powders and $U_3Si$ dispersed nuclear fuel meats have been prepared by conventional comminution process and a newly developed rotating disk atomization process. In contrast to angular shape and broad size distribution of the conventionally processed powder, the atomized powder was spherical and showed narrow size distribution. For the atomized powder, the heat treatment time for the formation of $U_3Si$ by a peritectoid reaction was reduced to about one tenth, thanks to microstructure refinement by rapid cooling of about 5$\times$104 K/s. The extruding pressure of atomized $U_3Si$ powder and Al powder mixture was lower than that of comminuted $U_3Si$ and Al powder mixture. The elongation of the atomization processed fuel meats was much higher than that of the comminution processed fuel meats and remained over 10% up to 80wt.% of $U_3Si$ powder fraction in the fuel meats. It appears therefore that the loading density of $U_3Si$ in fuel meat can be increased by using atomized $U_3Si$ powder. The atomized spherical particles were randomly distributed, while the comminuted particles with angular and longish shape were considerably aligned along the extrusion direction. Along the transverse direction of the extraction the electrical conductivity of the atomization processed fuel meats was appreciably higher than that of comminution processed fuel meats. This tendency became pronounced as $U_3Si$ content increased. Because the thermal conduction which is believed to be proportioned to the electrical conduction in the nuclear fuel meats occurs in radial direction, the atomization processed fuel can be better used in research reactors where high thermal conductivity is required.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.33-41
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• 1996

Mixture formation is one of the important factors to improve combustion performance of MPI gasoline engines. This is affected by spray and atomization characteristics of injector. Especially, in the case of EGI system, air-fuel mixing period is too short and formed a lot of fuel-film in the intake manifold and cylinder wall. This fuel-film is not burnt in cylinder, it is exhausted in the form of HC emission. In this paper, spray characteristics such as size distributions, SMD, and spray angle are measured by PMAS, and the fuel-film measuring device is developed specially. Using this device, the amount and distribution of fuel-film which flows into through valve can be measured Quantitatively. As the result of these experiments, the information of optimal spray characteristics and injection condition that minimize the fuel-film can be built up.

• 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국원자력학회 1997년도 춘계학술발표회논문집(1)
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• pp.374-379
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• 1997

The thermal margin of CANDU-6 reactor is estimated by the CCP, which is dependent on fuel channel hydraulics and the CHF of fuel bundle. This paper intents to describe the characteristics of CCP behavior for the CANDU-6 channel in which CANFLEX-NU fuel bundles are assumed to be loaded. Also, it includes the thermal margin evaluation of the CANDU-6 channel loaded with a mixed CANFLEX-NU and 37-element fuel bundles as a simulation of the partial loading of CANFLEX-NU fuel bundle in the CANDU-6 reactor. For the mixed fuel channels, the effects of axial flux distribution(AFD) on CCP were investigated by using the AFD tilted in the downstream. The CCP of CANFLEX-NU fuel bundle was found to be improved by the CHF enhancement, despite of the slight flow decrease, in case of both full and partial loading, compared with those of a standard 37-element fuel bundle.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.1602-1611
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• 2021

A varying degree of eccentricity always exists in the initial configuration of a nuclear fuel rod. Its impact on traditional LWR fuel is limited as the radial gap closes relatively early during irradiation. However, the effect of misalignment is expected to be more relevant in rods with highly conductive fuels, large initial gaps and low conductivity filling gases. In this paper, we study similar characteristics in the experimental setup of two fuel disc irradiation campaigns carried out in the OECD Halden Boiling Water Reactor. Using the multi-dimensional fuel performance code OFFBEAT, we combine 2-D axisymmetric and 3-D simulations to investigate the effect of eccentricity on the fuel temperature distribution. At the same time, we illustrate how the advent of modern tools with multi-dimensional capabilities might further improve the design and interpretation of in-pile separate-effect tests and we outline the potential of such an analysis for upcoming experiments.