• 한국음향학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.167-172
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• 2002

음성부호화 알고리즘인 EVRC (Enhanced Variable Rate Codec)는 현재 북미 및 한국 CDMA 디지털 셀룰러 시스템에 사용되고 있다. EVRC음성부호화기에서 음성의 주파수영역에서의 에너지 분포와 관련되어 있는 LSP (Line Spectral Pairs)값은 가중분할 벡터 양자화 (Weighted Split Vector Quantization)에 의해 코딩된다. 이러한 코딩 과정에 사용되는 LSP 코드북이 개발국 언어 혹은 영어로 설계되었음을 감안하면 한국어통화에 대해서는 한국어로 설계된 LS 코드북에 의해 향상된 성능을 기대할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 한국어로 BVRC의 LSP 코드북을 LBG알고리즘을 기반으로 한 벡터 양자화기법으로 설계하였으며 이 코드북에 의한 벡터양자화 성능향상 및 그에 따른 음질향상을 각각 SD (Spectral Distortion) 및 신호대 잡음비 (SNR), SegSNR측정으로 입증하였다.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.633-638
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• 2014

We report experimental behaviors of condensed $^{87}Rb$ atoms responding to changes in the trap potential of the atomchip. The two-types of adiabatic and non-adiabatic overall changes were implemented by changing the ramp-down speed of the chip-wire current, which can dominantly modify the one-axis magnetic field gradient. Under the adiabatic process, a pure condensate stayed in the initial spin state and collectively oscillated with both monopole and dipole modes, while an atomic cloud above the critical temperature exhibited sound waves in a dense ultracold gas. On the other hand, Bose-Einstein condensate atoms with non-adiabatic perturbation were split into spatially different positions by spin states through spin-flip. We investigated the split ratio among spin states depending on final evaporation frequency. Potential changes, of course, cause collective oscillations regardless of the changing process.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.653-658
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 MMIC(: Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit) 설계에 적용 가능한 결함 접지면 구조의 사각 분리형 링 공진기를 제안한다. 본 논문에서는 공진기의 등가회로 파라미터를 공진기의 측정된 특성 값으로부터 수식적으로 계산하는 방법을 나타내었다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 방법을 검증하기 위해 공진주파수가 2.95 GHz인 결함 접지면 구조의 사각 분리형 링 공진기를 제작하여 특성을 측정하고 그것을 본 논문의 방법대로 등가 파라미터를 계산하였다. 이 결과를 시뮬레이션한 결과와 비교하여 일치함을 보였다.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.137-146
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• 2012

Black porgy and fat greenling are commercially important fish species due to the continuously increasing demand in Korea. When estimating acoustically the fish length by a fish sizing echo sounder, it is of crucial importance to know the target strength (TS) to length dependence. In relation to these needs, the target strength experiments for live fishes were conducted in an acrylic salt water tank using two split-beam echo sounders operating at 70 and 120kHz. The target strength under well-controlled laboratory conditions was simultaneously measured with the swimming movement by digital video recording (DVR) system and analyzed as a function of fish length (L) and frequency (or wavelength ${\lambda}$). Equations of the form TS-alog (L)+blog (1)+c were derived for their TS-length dependence. The best fit regression of TS on fork length for black porgy was TS=20.62 log (L, m)-0.62 log (${\lambda}$, m)-30.68 ($r^2$=0.77). The best fit regression of TS on fork length for fat greenling was TS=12.06 log (L, m)-5.85 log (${\lambda}$, m)-22.15 ($r^2$=0.44).

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.566-570
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• 2018

This study determined the acoustic target strength (TS; dB) of black seabream Acanthopagrus schlegeli off the southern coast of Korea. For the ex-situ measurements, 200 kHz split beam transducers were used, and a Kirchhoff-ray mode (KRM) model acoustic model was used for the calculation. The fork length and total weight of the black seabream ranged from 6.4 to 30.8 cm and 6.4 to 683.8 g. respectively 200 kHz, the TS could beexpressed as a function of fork length as: $TS_{max}=20log_{10}(FL)-60.35(R=0.92)$ and $TS_{avg.}=20log_{10}(FL)-66.89(R=0.88)$. These TS results for black seabream can be used for estimating the biomass of fish in acoustic surveys in coastal areas.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제14권
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• pp.127-140
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• 1994

This study is concerned with the accuracy and the patterns when different methods was used in interpolation task. Although 3 methods employed the same modality for input (visual) and for output (manual responding), they differed in central processing, which method 1 is relatively more tendency of verbal processing, method 2 is realtively more tendency of spatial processing and method 3 needed a number of switching code (verbal/spatial) performing task. Split-plot design was adopted, which whole plot consisted of methods (3), orientations (horizon, vertical), base-line sizes (300, 500, 700 pixels) and split plot consisted of target locations (1-99). The results showed the anchor effect and the range effect. Method 2, method 3 and method 1 that order was better accuracy. ANOVA showed that the accuracy was significantly influenced by the method, the location of target, and its interactions ($method{\times}location$, $size{\times}location$). Analysis of error data, response time and frequency of under, just, over estimate indicated that a systematic error pattern was made in task and methods changed not only the performance but also the pattern. The results provided support for the importance of the multiple resources theory in accounting for S-C-R compatibility and task performance. They are discussed in terms of multiple resources theory and guidelines for system design is suggested by the S-C-R compatibility.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2010

This paper proposes a two-phase clocked adiabatic static CMOS logic (2PASCL) circuit that utilizes the principles of adiabatic switching and energy recovery. The low-power 2PASCL circuit uses two complementary split-level sinusoidal power supply clocks whose height is equal to $V_{dd}$. It can be directly derived from static CMOS circuits. By removing the diode from the charging path, higher output amplitude is achieved and the power consumption of the diode is eliminated. 2PASCL has switching activity that is lower than dynamic logic. We also design and simulate NOT, NAND, NOR, and XOR logic gates on the basis of the 2PASCL topology. From the simulation results, we find that 2PASCL 4-inverter chain logic can save up to 79% of dissipated energy as compared to that with a static CMOS logic at transition frequencies of 1 to 100 MHz. The results indicate that 2PASCL technology can be advantageously applied to low power digital devices operated at low frequencies, such as radio-frequency identifications (RFIDs), smart cards, and sensors.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.108-113
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• 2013

This paper describes a low power asynchronous successive approximation register (SAR) type 12b analog-to-digital converter (ADC) for biomedical applications in a 0.35 ${\mu}m$ CMOS technology. The digital-to-analog converter (DAC) uses a capacitive split-arrays consisting of 6-b main array, an attenuation capacitor C and a 5-b sub array for low power consumption and small die area. Moreover, splitting the MSB capacitor into sub-capacitors and an asynchronous SAR reduce power consumption. The measurement results show that the proposed ADC achieved the SNDR of 68.32 dB, the SFDR of 79 dB, and the ENOB (effective number of bits) of 11.05 bits. The measured INL and DNL were 1.9LSB and 1.5LSB, respectively. The power consumption including all the digital circuits is 6.7 ${\mu}W$ at the sampling frequency of 100 KHz under 3.3 V supply voltage and the FoM (figure of merit) is 49 fJ/conversion-step.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.1604-1613
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• 2018

The paper presents the equivalent circuit of an induction machine (IM) model which includes fundamental stray load and iron losses. The corresponding equivalent resistances are introduced and modeled as variable with respect to the stator frequency and flux. Their computation does not require any tests apart from those imposed by international standards, nor does it involve IM constructional details. In addition, by the convenient positioning of these resistances within the proposed equivalent circuit, the order of the conventional IM model is preserved, thus restraining the inevitable increase of the computational complexity. In this way, a compromise is achieved between the complexity of the analyzed phenomena on the one hand and the model's practicability on the other. The proposed model has been experimentally verified using four IMs of different efficiency class and rotor cage material, all rated 1.5 kW. Besides enabling a quantitative insight into the impact of the stray load and iron losses on the operation of mains-supplied and vector-controlled IMs, the proposed model offers an opportunity to develop advanced vector control algorithms since vector control is based on the fundamental harmonic component of IM variables.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제37권7호
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• pp.891-897
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• 2013

본 논문에서는, 고 변형률 속도에서의 알루미늄 합금의 압축 변형거동을 홉킨슨 압력봉 시험, SHPB 방법을 통해 연구하였다. 이와 함께 음향방출기법이 사용되었고, 웨이브 가이드선을 통해 시편에 연결된 AE 센서를 이용하여 충격 변형시 검출되는 AE 신호를 실시간으로 검출하였다. 검출된 AE 신호를 통해 진폭, 에너지 및 최대 주파수 특성을 분석하였다. 또한 손상 기구에 따른 음향방출신호의 특성을 분석하기 위하여 시험 수행 후 충돌 시험편 표면과 측면을 관찰하였다. 변형률이 높아질수록 AE 진폭과 AE 누적에너지는 증가하였고, AE 최대 주파수는 감소하였다. 각 신호의 특성은 재료의 손상 기구와 밀접한 관련이 있는 것으로 확인되었다.