• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.183-191
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• 2012

The objective of this study was to evaluate the plantar foot pressure of skilled and unskilled players during a free throw. The experiment performed here in measured the movement route of the mean foot pressure, maximum foot pressure, and center of pressure in four event zones (ready, maximum knee flexion, release event, and maximum knee extension) for both groups while they were wearing the plantar foot pressure measurement equipment under identical conditions. The major findings are as follows. When getting ready (RD) during a free throw, the skilled player group had higher mean and maximum foot pressures, although neither variable showed significant differences statistically. For the maximum knee flexion (MF) during a free throw, the skilled player group had higher mean and maximum foot pressures, but only the mean foot pressure significantly differed statistically. For the release event (RE) during a free throw, the unskilled player group had higher mean and maximum foot pressures, but only the mean foot pressure significantly differed statistically. During the maximum knee extension (ME) of a free throw, the unskilled player group had a higher mean foot pressure, and the skilled player group had a higher maximum foot pressure. No significant correlation was found between the two groups. For the skilled player group, movement towards the center of pressure showed a stable form that moved from the rear to the front and from side to side during a free throw. For the unskilled player group, movement towards the center of pressure was unstable, which made it impossible to move from the rear to the front and from left to right.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.206-213
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• 2002

In this paper, the flow characteristics of an axial fan spraying isothermal compact jet in a confined space were investigated by the experimental methods, the numerical method, and the free jet theory According to the results, the numerical result and the experimental result are agreed well qualitatively and different quantitatively within $\pm1.0%$ for the centerline velocity, the entrainment ratio, and the maximum throw. However, the free jet theory can reasonably predict the centerline velocity except the entrainment ratio and the maximum throw. In other words, the entrainment ratio and the maximum throw by 1.he free jet theory are hard to estimate the characteristics of jet because of restriction of c confined space.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.181-197
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• 2003

The Purpose of this study was to examine the kinematic analysis of the upper-limb motion of wheelchair basketball free throw shooting. Three-dimensional kinematic data were obtained from 8 male wheelchair basketball players performing a successful free throw. Players were divided into three groups, according to their IWBF classification(Group 1: 1 point players, Group 2: 2-2.5point players and Group 3:3.5-4 point players) Wheelchair basketball free throw motions were taken by video camera. The three-dimensional coordinates was processed by DLT. Players from Group 1 and 2 tended to release the ball from a lower height, with greater velocity and release angle. Players from Group 1 showed greater shoulder horizontal adduction and horizontal abduction angle, wrist ulnar flexion and radial flexion angle, and trunk angle. but players from Group 2 appeared lower shoulder abduction. Upper limb angular velocity showed most greatly in hands from Group 1, upperarm from Group 2, and forearm from Group 3.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.185-204
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to obtain the data for stable and accurate techniques of the free throw in basketball. The subjects of this study were seven male basketball player consisted of college students athletes. Free throw motions were taken by video camera. The three-dimensional coordinates was processed by DLT. The variables were the velocity, the angular velocity of the upper extremity segments, degree, and angular momentum. The result of analysis is summarized as follows. 1. The velocity and angular velocity of the upper extremity segment was showed an gradual increase and a smooth velocity transfer, transferring from proximal segment to distal segment at free throw motion in basketball. 2. The local term and remote term angular velocity momentum of the proximal segment showed larger than that of the distal segment in X, Y, Z axis component all. 3. The remote term angular momentum was showed larger than that of the local term angular momentum in X, Y, Z axis component all. 4. The angular motion of the upper trunk and upper arm, upper arm and forearm was showed in opposite direction and symmetrical angular momentum in local term angular momentum of the Y and Z axis component. 5. All the segments of upper extremity segment was showed left rotation in remote term angular momentum of the Y axis component and right rotation in remote term angular momentum of the Z axis component.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.347-357
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• 2009

본 연구의 목적은 농구 자유투 동작 시 근전도 분석 및 지면 반력 분석을 통해 숙련자와 미숙련자 간의 차이를 비교분석하는데 있다. 근전도 분석을 위해 7쌍의 표면전극을 피험자의 요측수근굴근, 장요측수근신근, 상완이두근, 상완삼두근, 대퇴직근, 전경골근, 내측 비복근, 접지전극은 상전장골근에 부착하였다. 두 대의 지면반력기를 통해 전 후, 좌 우, 수직 방향에 작용하는 지면반력과, 압력 중심 이동을 측정하였다. 숙련자의 경우 볼을 투사하기까지 근육활동이 미숙련자에 비해 상대적으로 낮은 근육활동을 나타내었다. 이는 자유투 동작 시 볼 을 투사하는데 있어서 숙련자가 미숙련자보다 낮은 근육활동으로도 효율적으로 볼을 투사 한다는 것을 알 수 있다. 미숙련자는 불필요한 좌우 방향의 힘의 이동을 발생시켜 자유투를 안정적으로 수행하지 못하는 것으로 나타났으며 숙련자의 경우에는 원활한 전후 방향의 지면반력과 압력 중심 이동을 통해 안정적으로 볼을 투척하는 것으로 판단되어진다. 따라서 자유투 동작은 상지와 하지의 협응성과 유연성을 통해 안정된 슈팅 동작이 이루어질 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.46-49
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to develop the optimum shape of blank for the crank throw of large marine engine in order to reduce manufacturing cost and forging defects. The effects of the curvature radius and the height of wing part of blank selected as design variables on the defects and machining margin of final products after forging process were investigated using FEA. Based on the results, the optimum shape for the blank of the crank throw was proposed and verified by experiment.

• 소음진동
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.147-154
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• 1994

In this study, ultransonic vibration cutting system was contructed by installing throw-away-tool tip (KT 350) by screw lock on the bending vibration mode in free-free beam. During the conventional cutting and ultransonic conventional cutting of SM45C, variations of cutting force, roughness and acceleration were measured. The results were compared and analyzed in detail, and it was found that the ultransonic vibration cutting was more effective in reducing cutting force compareed with the conventional cutting .

• 화약ㆍ발파
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.7-19
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• 2002

The cut is placed high up in the section, the 1st sloping holes below the cut, and divided all the holes located below the 1st sloping holes into a certain area with longitudinal section, to lower pollution made from tunnel blasting. With the sequential blasting machine, after I first blasted holes around the cut holes by a pre-splitting method, blasted the cut area and the 1st sloping holes. The 1st and 2nd sloping holes divided areas are initiated gradually to free face upwards made by the cut. Especially, I pre-splinted contour holes previous blast the before sloping holes from the contours. The ground vibration from the earth surface just over the advance face decreased about 42.0% compare with the down blasting method under the condition of equal charge weight per delay. I controlled the crack and over break of the mother rock by pre-splitting contour holes before blast the first sloping holes from the contours. The peak values of noise and air blast by blasting decreased about 10dB more than the down blasting method. the noise and air blast diminished gradually as a round. The throw distance of the fly rock was decreased about 55%.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2001년도 The 6th International Symposium of East Asian Resources Recycling Technology
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• pp.19-23
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• 2001

In addition to landfilling and incineration, waste minimization and recycling have become priorities in Taiwan's municipal waste management strategies over the past 10 years. Major recycling initiatives being implemented in Taiwan include producer responsibility, "pay-as-you-throw, " and mandatory sorting provisions. Currently, the producer responsibility regime established under the Waste Disposal Act and administered by the Environmental Protection Administration (EPA) requires that manufacturers or importers of listed items, including containers, batteries. cars, motorcycles ("scooters"), tires, oil, televisions, refrigerators, air conditioners, washing machines, computers, and printers, pay recycling fees to government recycling funds. EPA then uses the recycling funds to subsidize collection and recycling. The 2001 recycling fund budget totals NT$57 billion (NT$35 = US$l). Under the producer responsibility regime, EPA-designated retailers ("sellers") must accept end-of-life items returned to them by the consumers. At the local level, Taipei City implements a pay-as-you-throw program, whereby citizens pay waste collection and treatment fees through the purchase of special trash bags approved by the Taipei City Government. However. recyclables that are separated by citizens are collected free-of-charge by the City. Taichung City and Kaohsiung City, on the other hand, enforce mandatory sorting schemes, whereby citizens face penalties if they don't separate recyclables from the trash before pick-up. These programs have resulted in a significant reduction in municipal waste. Per capita waste collected per day has dropped from 1.143 kg in 1997 to 0.978 kg in 2000. Targeting a 10% recycling rate for municipal waste in 2001. EPA plans to research and develop new recycling techniques, expand the scope of producer responsibilities, and strengthen existing municipal recyclable collection programs. To this end, among other initiatives, EPA has prepared a draft "Resource Recycling and Reuse Act" that would complement the existing producer responsibility programs by incorporating into the current recycling framework the concept of product life-cycle management.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.1557-1563
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• 2005

Ovarian follicular fluid contains both stimulatory and inhibitory agents that influence the growth and maturation of oocyte. In the present study, an attempt was made to isolate and study the biological properties of ovarian follicular fluid peptide(s) in buffaloes. Bubaline ovarian follicular was made steroid- and cell-free. A protein fraction was obtained by saturation (30-35% level) of the follicular fluid with ammonium sulfate. The protein fraction was purified with Sephadex-G 50 gel filtration chromatography and a single peak was obtained in the eluant volume, which was lyophilized. SDS-PAGE of the lyophilized fraction revealed a single band and the molecular weight of the peptide was 26.6 kDa. The peptide stimulated the cumulus cell expansion and in vitro maturation rate of oocytes in buffaloes in a dose dependent manner when it was incorporated at different dose levels (0, 10, 25, 50, 100 and 1,000 ng $ml^{-1}$ of maturation medium). The basic culture medium consisted of TCM 199 with Bovine serum albumin (0.3%). The in vitro maturation rates were comparable to those obtained with a positive control medium (TCM 199+20 ng EGF $ml^{-1}$+steer serum (20%)). Further purification and biological assays may throw more light on the nature and functions of this peptide.