• Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.31-50
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• 1996

In this paper, a finite element analysis based on the local approach concept to fracture in the continuum damage mechanics is performed to analyze ductile fracture in two dimensional quasi-static state. First an isotropic damage model based on the generalized concept of effective stress is proposed for structural materials in the context of large deformation. In this model, the stiffness degradation is taken as a measure of damage and so, the fracture phenomenon can be explained as the critical deterioration of stiffness at a material point. The modified Riks' continuation technique is used to solve incremental iterative equations. Crack propagation is achieved by removing critically damaged elements. The mesh size sensitivity analysis and the simulation of the well known shearing mode failure in plane strain state are carried out to verify the present formulation. As numerical examples, an edge cracked plate and the specimen with a circular hole under plane stress are taken. Load-displacement curves and successively fractured shapes are shown. From the results, it can be concluded that the proposed model based on the local approach concept in the continuum damage mechanics may be stated as a reasonable tool to explain ductile fracture initiation and crack propagation.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.31-47
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• 2014

This research is focused on obtaining the fracture property of steel fiber reinforced concrete(SFRC) specimens at early ages of 1, 2, 3 and 7-day, respectively. For this purpose, three point bending tests of nine groups of SFRC beams with notch of 40mm depth and different steel fiber ratios were conducted. The experimental results of early age specimens were compared with the 28-day hardened SFRC specimens. The test results indicated that the steel fiber ratios and curing age significantly influenced the fracture properties of SFRC. A reasonable addition of steel fiber improved the fracture toughness of SFRC, while the fracture energy of SFRC developed with curing age. Moreover, a quadratic relationship between splitting strength and fracture toughness was established based on the experiment results. Additionally, afinite element (FE) method was used to investigate the fracture properties of SFRC.A comparison between the FE analysis and experiment results was also made. The numerical analysis fitted well with the test results, and further details on the failure behaviors of SFRC could be revealed by the suggested numerical simulation method.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.71-78
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• 1998

Real crack and fracture surfaces have irregularities producing zigzag contours. These irregularities are analysed by a fractal geometry which has been by a Mandelbrot. We obtained a fractal dimension which is one of the fractal characteristics. It is also estimated by an vertical section method that fractal characteristics in the fractured surfaces can be obtained as the crack grows. Moreover fractal fracture energy that corresponds to an energy release rate is shown to find relationships between fractal dimensions and crack behaviors. From these results, we concluded that a fractal characteristics analysis for a crack can be applied to a fracture mechanics.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2000년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.583-586
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• 2000

In this paper, the embedded crack approach that crack is modeled by discontinuous line inside finite element is applied for localized progressive fracture analyses. The algorithm for progressive fracture analyses of concrete structure are enhanced by introducing nonlinear softening curve and unloading algorithm of tension-softening curve which can simulate localized fracture of concrete. The failure analysis results ar compared with existing test results for varification.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.353-360
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• 2018

This paper is to investigate the micro-behavior of the double-span beams with WUF-W seismic connection under combined axial tension and moment and to propose the rational rotational capacity of it for progressive collapse-resistant analysis and design addressing the stress and strain transfer mechanism. To this end, the behavior of the double-span beams under the column missing event is first investigated using the advanced nonlinear finite element analysis. The characteristics of fracture indices of double-span beams with WUF-W connection under combined axial tension and flexural moment are addressed and then proposed the rational rotational capacity as the basic datum for the progressive collapse-resistant design and analysis. The distribution of fracture indices related to stress and strain for the double-span beams is investigated based on a material and geometric nonlinear finite element analysis. Furthermore, the micro-behavior for earthquake and progressive collapse is explicitly different.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.565-576
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• 2007

The article describes a technique for the measurement of the level of complexity of fracture surfaces by the method of vertical sections, and a performed statistical analysis of the effect of profile lines on the fractographic and fractal parameters of fractures, i.e. the profile line development factor, $R_L$, and the fracture surface development factor, $R_S$, (as defined by the cycloid method), as well as the fractal dimension, $D_C$, (as determined by the chord method), and the fractal dimension, $D_{BC}$, (as determined by the box method). The above-mentioned parameters were determined for fracture surfaces of basalt and gravel concretes, respectively, which had previously been subjected to fracture toughness tests. The concretes were made from mixtures of a water/cement ratio ranging from 0.41 to 0.61 and with a variable fraction of coarse aggregate to fine aggregate, $C_{agg.}/F_{agg.}$, in the range from 1.5 to 3.5. Basalt and gravel aggregate of a fraction to maximum 16 mm were used to the tests. Based on the performed analysis it has been established that the necessary number of concrete fracture profile lines, which assures the reliability of obtained testing results, should amount to 12.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.300-307
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• 2002

Partial penetration welding joint is defined as groove welds welded from one side, without steel backing or groove welds welded from both sides but without back gouging. So it has an unwelded portion at the root of the weld. Study of partial penetration weldment fracture behavior includes residual stress analysis and fracture analysis. The J-integral loses its path independency in residual stress field. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce a new J-integral, J, which is defined including the effect of plastic deformation and thermal strain. In this study, theoretical formulation and program were developed for the evaluation of J-integral for the crack tip located in the weldment. Evaluations of fracture behavior were performed for partial penetration multi-pass weldment of 25.4mm thick plate by J-integral. From a point of fracture in partial penetration multi-pass welding, it seemed to be better to control root face smaller than 6.35mm.

• 전산구조공학
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.127-134
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• 1996

본 논문은 경계요소법에 의한 콘크리트의 진행성 파괴해석에 관한 연구이다. 콘크리트의 파괴진행해석을 위하여 경계요소법에 의한 변위 및 표면력 경계 적분방정식으로부터 균열을 포함한 연속체의 균열 경계적분 방정식을 정식화하였다. 콘크리트의 균열진행을 해석하기 위하여 균열 선단에서의 파괴진행영역을 Dugdale-Barenblatt형 모델을 사용하여 모델링하였고 균열진행영역의 인장연화상태를 선형으로 가정하여 모델링하였다. 정식화된 경계적분방정식에 의한 콘크리트 보와 여러가지 하중상태에 있는 인장시편에 대한 진행성 파괴해석을 실시하였으며 해석치와 실험치의 비교로부터 경계요소법에 의한 진행성 파괴해석방법은 최대하중 및 최대하중 이후의 거동을 포함한 콘크리트 구조물의 비선형 거동을 잘 예측함을 보여주고 있다 .

• 콘크리트학회지
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.205-212
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• 1996

본 논문은 경계요소법에 의한 콘크리트의 진행성 파괴해석과 연화거동 해석시 발생하는 불안정 거동을 규명하는 연구이다. 파괴가 일어나는 콘크리트에 작용하는 최대하중을 구하고 콘크리트의 균열 성장에 따른 비선형거동을 예측하기 위하여 균열선단의 브리징 영역에 Dugdale-Barenblatt형 모델을 사용하였으며, 브리징 영역의 인장연화 상태를 선형인장연화 곡선을 사용하여 모델링하였다. 경계요소법을 사용하였으며 콘크리트의 파괴진행을 해석하기 위하여 변위 및 표면력 경계적분방정식으로부터 균열을 포함한 연속체의 균열 경계적분방정식을 정식화하였으며, 콘크리트 보와 인장시편에 대하여 진행성 파괴해석을 실시하였다. 또한 콘크리트의 진행성 파괴해석에 자유응력균열의 성장 및 진행을 고려하지 않음으로서 발생하는 불안정 연화거동을 제거하는 수치해석기법을 제시하였다.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.35-41
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• 2006

It is well known that concentration of C-reactive protein(CRP) in the serum increase as nonspecific reaction of the various tissue injury. The CRP, synthesized in the hepatocyte, is one of 'acute phase proteins' in the serum. The main signal patterns of this protein are regulated by synthesis of interleukin-I secreted from macrophage in the area of tissue injury. Many studies were performed for quantitative analysis for CRP according to various surgical operation, but the study for fracture patients associated with trauma, especially in mandible, are rare. The mandible fracture have intrinsic danger for infection in oral bacteria associated with open wound in oral cavity, and, are difficult for detection of tissue reaction between surgical swelling and infection by facial swelling. In this study, quantitative analysis for CRP associated tissue injury in mandibular fracture and surgical intervention was done, the results were as follows: 1. After initial mandibular trauma, the value of serum CRP diminished sequentially, most high value was presented in post-traumatic 2 days. 2. The CRP was diminished significantly 2 days after surgical intervention, and maintained normal value in 5 days after surgery. 3. The change of CRP are higher value in surgical intervention than initial trauma, it suggested that tissue injury from surgery was severe than trauma. 4. The high value of CRP was obtained in mandibular fracture combined soft tissue injury than no associated soft tissue injury. 5. In measurement of CRP according to surgical approach, highest serum value in patients of combined intra-oral and extra-oral approach was showed, and intra-oral approach, extra-oral approach, in sequential orders. 6. The CRP value are more higher in patient of 2 fracture site than only one fracture site. From the results obtained in this study, CRP has showed different values in mandibular fracture associated with severity of tissue injury and surgical intervention, and quantitative analysis of CRP value in serum can be applied to the clinical management of mandibular fracture.