• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.630-640
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate and make comparison of clothing images presented in women's formal and casual brands. The data were collected from 39 formal brands out of 155 and 64 casual brands out of 256 in Korea Fashion Brand Annual in 2005/2006. 316 words selected were classified into five clothing images according to the definition of previous researches and analyzed according to age ranges and price zones of brands. The results were as follows: 1) Formal brands focused on thirties and forties in age ranges and better and prestige in price zones, while casual brands centered on twenties in age range and better and volume in price zones. 2) Luxury, modem and feminine were more frequent words than others both in formal and casual brands, but elegant was found most frequently in formal brands, while comfortable, chic and simple were found frequently in casual brands. 3) Clothing images were classified into four types and appeared in elegance, modernity, individuality, and activeness order in formal brands, while clothing images in casual brands were classified into five types including youthfulness and appeared in elegance, activeness, modernity, individuality, and youthfulness order. 4) Elegance was a highly presented as clothing image in all the age ranges except thirties of formal brands but modernity and activeness with elegance were presented in price zones of casual brands. This study found that there were differences in clothing images in women's formal and casual brands.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.77-88
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to examine the models of apparel store patronage behavior of various store types for each of two clothing categories in terms of lifestyle activities, information sources, shopping orientations and store attributes. The data were collected via a questionnaire from 326 adult females of ages over 20's living in satellite cities around Seoul and were analyzed by factor analysis, Multiple Regression analysis and path analysis. The results of this study were as follows: 1) There were significant relationships between lifestyle activities, information sources, shopping orientations and store attributes in both of formal wear and casual wear purchase. 2) Patronage behavior of department store in formal wear purchase was influenced by shopping activities, personal information sources, brand/store loyalty orientation. Regional store preference and store image attributes influenced the franchise store patronage behavior in formal wear purchase. Discount store patronage behavior in formal wear purchase was predicted by self-assurance/innovativeness and store image and service attributes. Information search of printed material/TV and store image and service attributes influenced off-price store patronage behavior for formal wear, while shopping activities and department store preference influenced off-price store patronage for casual wear. Traditional market patronage behavior for formal were was influenced only by brand/store loyalty, while traditional market patronage behavior for casual wear was influenced by sports activities, brand/store loyalty and price attributes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.137-151
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• 1990

Changes in male roles and lifestyle in recent years have brought about an increased interest in appearance and apparel for men. The purpose of this study was to classify consumers into categories based on style of men's business suits and describe the resulting categories in terms of lifestyle, clothing behavior, appearance and demographic variables. Data were obtained from questionnaires completed by 513 consumers 20-69 years of age living in Seoul, and analyzed by factor analysis, multiple discriminant analysis, one-way ANOVA, CROSSTAB, and S-N-K test. Resulting categories of consumers were labeled as formal, semi-formal and casual. Descrip-tive profiles of the three categories were developed differently by 2 lifestyle factors (positive opinion leadership, social participation), 1 clothing factor (conformity), 2 appearance factors (conservative, energetic), and 2 demographic variables (age, marital status). The semi-formal type of man is significantly different from the two other types in his group activities that require social participation and opinion leadership. The formal type is significantly different from the two other types in his conformity in clothing and conservative appearance. The majority of formal and semi-formal types of men were 25-39 years of age and married, while the casual type was younger and unmarried.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-25
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• 1991

The Purpose of this study is to analyze the contribution of the total human capital formation to economic growth in Korea. In order to assess the contribution of the total human capital formation to economic growth, aggregate production functions are estimated using two ways of ordinary least squares and polynomial distributed lags based on 1955 - 1988 time series data in Korea. The total amount of investment in human capital is calculated by adding each amount of investment in formal education, vocational training, inter-provincial migration, and health in pecuniary terms. The findings of this study could be summarized as follows ; (1) If we enumerate the variables in good order according to the importance, we get the following ; namely, total number of labor force, inter-provincial migration, vocational training, health, physical capital, and formal education. (2) The contribution of the human capital to economic growth is much more larger than that of physical capital. In particular, it appears that inter-provincial migration and vocational training make a great contribution to economic growth. (3) It appears that investment in formal education has a continuous effect for fifteen years and maximum effect is observed approximately eight years later. In the case of vocational training, the effect of investment lasts for about 12-14 years and its effect on economic growth reaches maximum with the passage of seven to eight years after initial investment. (4) Investment in vocational training contributes more in the long run compared with investment in formal education. The effect of investment in formal education lasts longer than that of vocational training, while the effect of investment in vocational training is considerably larger in the short run compared with the investment in formal education.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.304-311
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• 2018

This research used a questionnaire to provide basic data for the design of dressing form that enables the manufacture of senior menswear with an improved fit to match the dissatisfaction with the fit of male suits over the 50s. We used 132 questionnaires as analytical data. The results were: The item 'purchasing method of formal suits' showed that 95.5% purchased ready-to-wear jackets. The 'abdominal obesity type' and 'trunk waist type' had a high frequency of 'complaints about the size of the ready-to-wear jacket'. They choose their suits and wear them directly from the store. It is expected that senior males will complain about ready-to-wear formal suits due to the increase in girth item than normal type due to change of body shape since they consider size to also be important when purchasing suits. The most important part of the body when purchasing suits is the shoulder area, followed by the front width and back width of the fit. As for the degree of recognition of suit size, 38.1% said that they know the size and 'Suit size is hard to understand'. As a result of dissatisfaction with formal dressing, the items of 'Neck wide of get loose', 'Drag line of back neck', 'Not fit of front opening', 'Not fit of shoulder slope' and 'dissatisfaction'. Therefore, it is salient to establish suit fitting system and size system for senior men.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.155-164
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• 2010

The purpose of this paper is to propose critical success factors for effectively managing information systems(IS) outsourcing. The survey method was used for this paper, and data from a total 106 companies that were listed greater than $10 million were used for the analysis. To analyze the data, structural equation model was used. The results of this empirical study is summarized as follows. First, both formal control based on contract and informal control based on trust have a positive effect on control level which is a determinant indicator of IS outsourcing performance. Second, management capability such as preparedness capability and relationship capability have a positive effect on formal and informal control mechanism. The findings have important implications for the role of trust and management capability in formal management control.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.100-112
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• 1996

This paper presents a design experience of a control language for coordination of a multi-robot system. To effectively program job commands, a Petrinet-type Graphical Robot Language(PGRL) is proposed, where some functions, such as concurrency and synchronization, for coordination among tasks can be easily programmed.In our system, the proposed task commands of PGRL are implemented by employing formal model languages, which are composed of three modules, sensory, data handling, and action module. It is expected that by using our proposed PGRL and formal languages, one can easily describe a job or task, and hence can effectively operate a complex real-time and concurrent system. The control system is being implemented by using VME-based 32-bit microprocessor boards for supervisory, each module controller(arm, hand, leg, sensor data processing module) and a real time multi-tasking operating system(VxWorks). (author). 17 refs., 16 figs., 2 tabs.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.31-45
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• 2010

IT outsourcing studies have centered on the separate effect of formal contract and relational trust on IT outsourcing performance. In addition, previous studies ignored the importance of the relational capability that combine the formal contract and partnership can be able to deliver IT outsourcing effects. In this paper, we propose an IT governance commitment as a mediated role between relational capability and IT outsourcing performance. We collected data from 143 client companies of IT outsourcing and analyzed it using the PLS method. Our findings are revealed as following: At first, relational capability significantly and directly influence IT governance commitment as well as indirectly through formal contract and partnership. Secondly, IT governance commitment mediate between relational capability and IT outsourcing effect, and in turn affect IT outsourcing performance. The results and implications are further discussed.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2010

Increasing product variety based on product family and product platform provides a company with a competitive advantage over its competitors. As products become more complex, short-life cycled and customized, the design efforts require more knowledge-intensive, collaborative and coordinating efforts for information sharing. By sharing knowledge, information, component and process across different families of products, the product realization process will be more efficient, cost-effective and quick-responsive. Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) is used for analyzing data and forming semantic structures that are formal abstractions of concepts of human thoughts. A Web Ontology Language (OWL) is designed for applications that need to process the content of information instead of simply presenting information to humans. OWL also captures the evolution of different components of the product family. The purpose of this paper is to develop product variety modeling to increase the usefulness of common platform. In constructing and analyzing product ontology, FCA is adopted for conceptual knowledge processing. For the selected product family, product variety Ontology is constructed and implemented using prot$\'{e}$g$\'{e}$-2000.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.15D no.3
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• pp.429-440
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• 2008

Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) is a widely used methodology for data analysis, which extracts concepts and builds a concept hierarchy from given data. A concept consists of objects and attributes shared by those objects, and a concept hierarchy includes information on super-sub relations among the concepts. In this paper, we propose a method for extracting Implication and Association rules from a concept hierarchy given a query by a user. The method also describes a way for displaying the extracted rules. Based on this method, we implemented an automatic tool, QAG-Wizard. Because the QAG-Wizard not only elicits relation information for the given query, but also displays it in structured form intuitively, we expect that it can be used in the fields of data analysis, data mining and information retrieval for various purposes.