• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제106권2호
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• pp.150-168
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• 2017

이 연구는 2000년도 동해안 산불이 발생한 강원도 삼척 비화진 유역을 대상으로 2003년도와 2014년도의 식물사회학적 식생유형분류, 층위별 중요치, 종다양도, 군락유사도 분석을 통해 임분 구조 변화를 구명하기 위하여 32개소의 식생조사를 각각 실시하였다. 식생유형분류 결과, 7개의 식생단위에서 4개의 식생단위로 감소하였으며, 11개의 종군에서 7개의 종군으로 감소하였다. 중요치 분석 결과, 교목층에서 신갈나무(Quercus mongolica), 졸참나무(Q. serrata), 굴참나무(Q. variabilis)가 각각 6.8%, 5.2%, 2.9% 증가하였으며, 소나무(Pinus densiflora)가 각각 2.8%로 가장 많이 감소하였으며 밤나무(Castanea crenata), 이팝나무(Chionanthus retusa), 살구나무(Prunus armeniaca var. ansu), 복자기(Acer triflorum), 모감주나무(Koelreuteria paniculata) 등 대부분의 조림 수종들의 중요치가 감소되었다. 종다양도의 경우, 교목층에서 0.252에서 0.287로 증가하였고, 아교목층에서 0.252에서 0.434로 증가하였고, 관목층에서 1.293에서 1.333으로 증가하였지만 초본층에서는 1.745에서 1.646으로 감소하였다. 군락유사도의 경우, 각 층위별로 0.78, 0.65, 0.72, 0.55로 나타나 초본층의 변화가 가장 심하였다. 결론적으로 본 연구는 이 조사지와 유사한 산불피해지의 생태계 진단 및 관리를 위한 기초자료로 활용될 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제76권2호
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• pp.138-144
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• 1987

본(本) 연구(硏究)는 문헌(文獻)을 통(通)한 경관구조(景觀構造)의 개념(槪念)과 지표(指標), 지표간(指標間)의 상호관계(相互關係), 삼림경관(森林景觀)의 예측(豫測), 삼림(森林)의 풍치적(風致的) 취급(取扱)과 규모(規模) 및 시업방향(施業方向) 등(等)을 검토(檢討)하여 문제점(問題點)을 제시(提示)하고, 일본부사상근이두국립공원(日本富士箱根伊豆國立公園)에 있는 호호횡단교량계획(芦湖橫斷橋梁計劃)에 대(對)한 연구(硏究)를 통(通)하여 자연경관(自然景觀)의 해석기법(解析技法)의 일례(一例)를 제시(提示)한 결과(結果)로서, 특(特)히 전산기(電算機)에 의한 계획(計劃)은 전산기종(電算機種)과 사용자능력(使用者能力)에 따라, 또는 투시도상(透視圖上)에 그려진 표현자체(表現自體)에 한계(限界)가 있으며, 면밀(綿密)한 현장답사(現場踏査)가 없는 검토(檢討)만으로는 문제점(問題點)이 있다고 보나, 장차(將次) 우리나라의 자연경과지(自然景觀地)를 보호(保護)하고, 적정(適正)한 이용(利用)을 도모(圖謀)하여 국민(國民)의 보건(保健), 휴양(休養) 및 정서생활(情緖生活)의 함양(涵養)을 위한 삼림(森林) 및 공원풍경계획수립(公園風景計劃樹立)에 기여(寄與)되리라 사료(思料)됨.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2011

This study was conducted to build frameworks for a guideline of community forest projects with respect to ODA of Korea (Official Development Assistant) in forest fields. Community forestry is a worldwide phenomenon which began in developing countries such as Nepal, Gambia, Guinea, and Indonesia and has been gradually recognized as an effective measure for ODA in forestry areas from ODA/DAC countries and the other international donors. This study investigated types of community forest status, mechanisms of community forest project conducted by ODA/DAC countries or the other international donors, and CFM (Community Forest management) success factors. As a result of our study, there are different types of resource users, having different economic and social status, perspectives, knowledge systems, values, understandings and objectives in community based forestry. Consequently, the clear forest tenure systems enabling communities to get motivated for the projects, the most appropriate agroforestry systems in different countries, capability of community to manage forest and etc must be considered carefully when the community forest project are implemented for ODA of Korea in order to gain successful results from ODA in forestry fields.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.32-42
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• 2012

Wood biomass including forest residues, waste wood, and construction residuals has been widely generated in Korea, but forest biomass from the National Forest Management Operation Project plays a big role in generating wood biomass. Unfortunately the promotion policy of woody energy organized by the Forest Service in Korea concentrates more on demand creation rather than on supply expansion. Therefore, in order to utilize insufficient wood resources effectively, it is greatly required to develop uses for maximizing their added value. In particular, more attention to the use of the second generation biomass has been paid in foreign countries because there is a threshold that the first generation biomass cannot produce enough biofuel without threatening food supplies and biodiversity. In Korea, wood pellets are regarded as the alternative clean fuels to oils and coals that emit green house gases into the atmosphere. However, using wood as pellet raw materials can not be an economic way because the value of wood disappears right after burning in the boiler in spite of its contribution to the decrease of carbon emission. Differently from wood pellets, kraft pulping process using woody biomass produces black liquor as a by-product which can be used to generate electricity, bioenergy and biochemicals through gasification. Thus, it can be more economical to make a torrefaction of lignocellulosic biomass such as low-quality wood and agricultural leftovers as raw materials of pellets.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2022년도 학술발표회
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• pp.99-99
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• 2022

Jeju island has a humid subtropical climate and this climate zone is expected to migrate northward toward the main land, Korea Peninsula, as temperature increases are accelerated. Vegetation type has been inevitably shifted along with the climatic change, having more subtropical species native in southeast Asia or even in Africa. With the forest composition shift, it becomes more important than ever to analyze the water balance of the forest wihth the ongoing as well as upcoming climate change. Here, we implemented the Ecosystem Demography Biosphere Model (ED2) by initializing the key variables using forest inventory data (diameter at breast height in 2012). Out of 10,000 parameter sets randomly generated from prior distribution distributions of each parameter (i.e., Monte-Carlo Method), we selected four behavioral parameter sets using remote-sensing data (LAI-MOD15A2H, GPP-MOD17A2H, and ET-MOD16A2, 8-days at 500-m during 2001-2005), and evaluated the performances using eddy-covariance carbon flux data (2012 Mar.-Sep. 30-min) and remote sensing data between 2006-2020. We simulated each of the four RCP scenarios (2.6, 4.5, 6.0, and 8.5) from four climate forcings (GFDL-ESM2M, HadGEM2-ES, IPSL-CM5A-LR, and MIROC5 from ISIMIP2b). Based on those 64 simulation sets, we estimate the changes in water balance resulting from the forest composition shift, and also uncertainty in the estimates and the sensitivity of the estimates to the parameters, climate forcings, and RCP scenarios.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.27-37
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• 2000

This study aims at restoring urban forest destructed and eliminated by industrialization, urbanization, and city development and presenting a direction to manage remaining urban forest ecologically. To this end, an experiment zone where Populus tomentiglandulosa T. Lee were selective cutted and a control zone where Populus tomentiglandulosa T. Lee were kept intact were created in Chongdam Park located in Kangnam-ku, Seoul. Then, the structural changes of herbaceous plant species, the growth of targeted woody plants, and the increase of the number of insect and bird species were examined. The conclusions reached in this study are as follows. First, for the sake of ecological restoration and management of urban forest, it is good to selective cutting. Although timing, frequency, and methods may vary depending on the features and types of urban forest, the study revealed that selective cutting contributes to the restoration speed of origin vegetation and the enhancement of biodiversity including plants and insects. Second, as for the correlations of selective cutting and the appearance of plant species, the growth of origin vegetation, and insect distribution, the study showed that the impact of meteorological environment such as brightness is much greater than that of soil environment. Third, in order to manage urban forest, tramping pressure needs to be controlled efficiently. The efficient control of tramping pressure would contribute in the appearance of herbaceous plants. It would also be beneficial in promoting biodiversity of birds by removing the impact of people using routes. Fourth, in order to enhance the overall biodiversity of urban forest, diverse environment needs to be provided. In particular, it is necessary to supply water that is insufficient in urban forest. Providing habitats such as forest wetland performs an important function to amphibians and birds that require water as well as the appearance of aquatic plants and insects. Therefore, ways to introduce water efficiently should be initiated.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2004년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2004
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• pp.668-670
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• 2004

Taipei Water Management Office (TWMO) is one of the eleven district offices in Water Resource Agency. Water management is the top priority to be pursued both on daily management and long-term management at TWMO. There are five departments to perform a wide range of tasks in addition to water management. All management prescriptions are simply to provide sustainable clean water for about four millions population in Taipei. TWMO has gone through 16 years experience of development and implementation of GIS in water management. The objectives of this paper are to provide the major ingredients of successful and operational GIS for water management. The five departments at TWMO have performed tasks such as city planning, construction management, forest management, land use enforcement, soil and water conservation, water quality monitoring and protection, garbage collection, and sewage disposal management. Data base creation was one of the major jobs to be done. Update of data base has to be done on a daily basis. Computers, its peripheral, and software are essential for GIS developed at TWMO. Know-how and technical skill on computers and GIS for every technician are contributing significantly such that GIS can be implemented on most of jobs performed at TWMO. Implementations of GIS have been pursued by application modules on a task-oriented basis. Application modules are simple, easy to use, and menu driven with only Chinese. Web-based and mobile GIS are the new components that make water management at TWMO stay on the right course. To solve problems encountered in water management by GIS at TWMO can be easily and user-friendly may be the most important experience.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.1-19
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• 2022

울진 소광리 금강소나무림은 전통적으로 목재생산 목적의 소나무 보호지역(봉산)이었으며, 현재는 산림청 산림유전 자원보호구역으로 지정·관리되고 있다. 본 연구는 지형 특성, 현존식생, 수령, 식물군집구조를 분석하여 임목생산을 목적으로 한 울진 소광리 금강소나무림의 지속가능한 관리방안을 제안하고자 하였다. 대상지 지형 특성은 능선 36.7%, 계곡 38.7%로 능선과 계곡의 비율이 유사하였으며, 사면은 전체 면적의 24.7%로 좁게 형성되어 있었다. 소나무림 군집 유형은 소나무림의 갱신 진행상태, 낙엽활엽수 등 타 수종과의 경쟁상태, 층위구조 형성 여부 등을 기준으로 6개 유형으로 구분되었다. 대경목 소나무(흉고직경 40~60cm)의 수령은 약 60~70년 내외로 비교적 수령이 낮은 것으로 확인되었다. 상대우점치 및 층위구조를 분석한 결과, 소나무림 갱신 사업의 진행 정도에 따라 차이를 보이고 있었고, 소나무림의 유지뿐만 아니라 소나무 후계림의 조성, 소나무의 밀도 조절, 경쟁수목에 대한 적극적 관리를 실시하고 있었다. 군집별 평균 흉고단면적은 400m² 방형구를 기준으로 교목층은 12,642.1~25,424.4cm², 아교목층은 1.8~1,956.5cm²이었다. 흉고단 면적의 차이는 교목층을 형성하는 수목의 규격과 개체수, 소나무림의 갱신 정도(소나무 간벌 후 시간경과 정도)에 따라 차이가 나타났다. 군집별 평균 출현 종수는 8.7~20.3종으로 계곡부에 위치하고 있는 유형과 관리가 이루어지지 않아 낙엽활엽수와의 경쟁이 진행 중인 유형에서 출현 종수가 많았다. 종다양도는 0.6915~1.0942로 온대중부지역 소나무군집과 비교하여 낮은 것으로 평가되었다. 울진 소광리 금강소나무림의 관리목표는 경제적 가치가 높은 목재생산으로 설정하였으며, 지속적인 조림 및 목재생산 체계 구축, 목재생산량 증진을 위한 효율적 식생관리를 관리방향으로 제시하였다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.173-181
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• 2013

The importance of human resources empowerment for operation and management is increasing for sustainable effects and improvement in mountain eco village development projects. This study aimed to understand the cognition characteristics of operator who works for mountain eco villages as part of the mountain village development and to suggest improvement methods in empowerment training aspects. The survey contained operator's empowerment and operator systems in mountain eco villages and the results were analyzed for the study. Operators who joined the mountain eco village operator training course by Korea Forest Service were conducted the survey on March 12th~13th in 2012 and March 13th~15th in 2013. 69 and 58 of questionnaires were collected respectively and analyzed for the study. T-test was applied to Intergroup cognition difference and regression analysis was used for influential factors in necessity of operator's role. Collected data was analyzed by statistical package programme SPSS 18.0 version. According to the comparison of empowerment cognition with contingent upon training experience, 'harmony with residents' showed significantly difference at p<0.05 level. In the recognition comparison for prospect of future mountain eco village development, 'various training experiences' was significantly difference at p<0.01 level between positive and negative prospect group. Regression analysis revealed that 'communication with village leader', 'harmony with residents', and 'idea related to the project' have an effect on necessity of operator's empowerment significantly. Based on the results, the study suggests improved directions for operator's empowerment training as a horizontal leader who conduces a mountain village.

• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.263-271
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• 2018

Considering the high needs of recipient countries and the regional biases of Korean Official Development Assistance (ODA) policy, increases in the total amount of ODA and allocation to the forest sector are needed for Central Asia. In Tajikistan, illegal harvesting and grazing cause a gradual decrease in forest area. The Tajikistan government conserves forests by requesting international cooperation and establishing a policy for sustainable management of forest resources and prevention of further damages. To suggest suitable strategies and plans, the current statuses of forests and forestry were investigated, and ODA projects that can illustrate successful Korean experiences of forestation were conceived based on various geographical features and local conditions of Tajikistan in this study. Forest resource creation type projects (fuelwood and Tugai forest restoration) could result in energy independence and enhancement of ecosystem service such as a climate regulation and an increase in biodiversity. Community development type projects (introduction of ecotourism, agroforestry, and planting of fruit trees) can contribute to job creation and encourage participation of local residents, thus improving their incomes. In addition, establishment of a project foundation, including education, training, and a national forest inventory, would help those projects be sustainable in the long-term.