• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.205-211
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• 2001

The floristic composition and structure of the Oriental Arbor-viate forest, natural monument no. 1, were investigated in the Daegu city, southeastern Korea. Vegetation stratification have four layers including tree (＞5m), subtree (2m-5m), shrub (1m-2m) and herbs (＜1m), which occupied 63.8%, 10.7%, 12.1% and 49.4%, respectively. The vegetation of the study area were divided into Artemisia keiskeana - Quercus variabilis and Pyrrosia linearifolia-Thuja orientalis (OAV) communities. Frequency distribution for diameter classes of the Oriental Arbor-vitae population showed a reverse-J shape. The result suggests that the OAV forest of this site might maintains continuously the present state. The annual radial growth of OAV, Pinus densiflora and Quercus variabilis, the dominant species of the present site showed 0.29, 1.01 and 1.28 mm/year, respectively. Competition of OAV with theh other species including P. densiflora and Q. variabilis could influence negatively on the growthand survival of OAV forest in this site.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.103 no.2
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• pp.211-217
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• 2014

A metabolomic study using GC/MS analysis was conducted to identify key metabolic components regulating the growth of open-pollinated Pinus koraiensis families, which were grown for 29 years at three different locations. Among 110 individual metabolites identified, the contents of 62 metabolites were higher in the superior than in the inferior families (p<0.05), together with 22 metabolites, such as phosphoric acid, alanine, glycine, malic acid, and sucrose, being accumulated 1.5-fold higher in the superior families. In addition, 15 metabolites including alanine, malic acid, sucrose, d-turanose, and succinic acid showed positive correlation with the growth (p<0.01). Furthermore, the metabolites, of which contents were correlated with the growth but not significantly changed at different locations, were acetic acid, succinic acid, butanoic acid, glutamic acid, and inositol. Therefore we suggest that several metabolites selected in this study may be used as metabolic markers for quantitative growth trait in P. koraiensis.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.102 no.3
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• pp.420-427
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• 2013

This study was conducted to analyze growth characteristics and adaptability of poplar clones under the treatment of liquid pig manure. The average of survival rate was 33% better at control than the treatment under age of 5 years. But, tree height and DBH growth were higher at the treatment than control. Populus euramericana 'Eco28' showed the highest survival rate (97.9%) under the treatment. P. euramericana 'Eco28' and P. deltoides hybrid 'Dorskamp' could be selected as superior clones for height and DBH growth under the liquid pig manure treatment. The above-ground biomass production was also investigated when the poplar clones were 5 years old. The aboveground biomass under the liquid pig manure treatment was, on average. 52.6 ton/ha, which was 80% higher than control (29.1 ton/ha). P. euramericana 'Eco28' (73.6 ton/ha) and P. deltoides hybrid 'Dorskamp' (71.1 ton/ha) showed superior biomass production than other clones at the treatment of liquid pig manure. Based on survival, growth and demage traits, the adaptability of poplar clones to liquid pig manure treatment was estimated. P. deltoides hybrid 'Dorskamp' and P. euramericana 'Eco28' showed better adaptability to the treatment. P. nigra ${\times}$ P. maximowiczii '62-10' and P. koreana ${\times}$ P. nigra var. italic 'Suwon' were identified as poor adaptability clones.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.95 no.3
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• pp.323-327
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• 2006

This study was conducted to understand response of damage and tolerance to ozone between ozone tolerant and sensitive families of P. densiflora which had been selected by the based on visual injury and growth. Five individuals were selected in each group, and were exposed to 100ppb ozone for 90 days. Every 30 days after ozone fumigation, diamter at root collar (ORC), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were measured. In early state of ozone fumigation tolerant families showed three times higher relative DRC growth rate than sensitive families. And during whole fumigation period growth rate of tolerant families was superior to growth rate of sensitive families. SOD activity in sensitive families was increased 30 days after fumigation, and in accordance with fumigation period extended it was decreased continuously. MDA content in ozone treatment showed higher than in control, and MDA content of tolerant families was higher than that sensitive families. In our results tolerant families has higher antioxidative activity than sensitive families. Therefore tolerant families can restrain lipid peroxidation and damage on physiological activity.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.318-323
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• 2008

We studied on the effects of slurry composting and biofiltration liquid fertilizer (SCBLF) on growth of two-year-old poplar clones planted in a reclaimed land mounding soil. The soil on the experimental site had lower concentrations of both exchangeable cations and salinity than before reclamation. However, the content of organic matter was low compared with the most soils. We applied SCBLF to the poplars six times and 5 L in each time for 80 days. Ten clones of six poplar species or hybrids were tested in this study: Populus alba ${\times}$ P. glandulosa(Clivus, 72-30, 72-31, Bongwha1), P. deltoides ${\times}$ P. nigra(Dorskamp), P. deltoides(Lux) ${\times}$ P. deltoides(Harvard)(97-19), P. euramericana(Eco28, I-476), P. nigra ${\times}$ P. maximowiczii(62-2) and P. Koreana ${\times}$ P. nigra var. italica(Suwon). Growth performance varied more among clones than among species. Average height growth of treated plots was 18% greater than control, and clones Clivus, 97-19, Eco28 and Dorskamp were more vigorous than other clones. Diameter at breast height in treated plots was 41% greater than control, and 97-19, Dorskamp, Eco28 and Clivus were the four best clones in this respect. Mean leaf area of treated trees was 26% greater for control trees. Chlorophyll content was similar between treated and controlled trees. Total nitrogen values in leaves were much higher in treated trees 18%. SCBLF treatment on poplars planted in reclaimed land helped tree growth.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.99 no.5
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• pp.750-754
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• 2010

Among the environmental conditions employed in micropropagation, light quality plays an important role in growth, specially morphogenesis and photosynthesis. The effect of radiation quality (350-740 nm) on the development and growth of zygotic embryos and in vitro plantlets of open-pollinated chestnut (Castanea crenata S. et Z.) were studied. Two types of explants were exposed for 4 weeks to cool white (W, as control), monochromatic red (R, peak emission 650 nm), monochromatic blue (B, peak emission 440 nm), red+blue (R+B, 1:1), or red+far-red (R+Fr, 1:1, far-red peak emission 720 nm) radiation from a light-emitting-diode (LED) system. While the zygotic embryos showed positive photoblastic behavior, their germination was inhibited by blue radiation. Hypocotyl elongation and root development were promoted by red radiation. The emergence of primary leaf and its expansion were faster under blue than under red radiation. In the plantlets, red and red+far-red radiation significantly increased the formation and growth of the root, whereas blue light reduced rooting. Therefore, radiation quality appears to influence some steps in the development of zygotic embryos and plantlets in the chestnut.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.227-231
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• 2012

Reforestation is one of the most important ways to reduce erosion soil. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of jellyfish soil amendment on seedling growth for reforestation. 100g jellyfish soil amendment was applied into planting hole for the purpose of improvement of the Chamaecyparis obtusa seedling growth. Results showed that during growing period, mortality were 4.4% for the fertilized group and 8.3% for control group. The seedling average height and root diameter were 95.0 cm and 1.07 cm in fertilized group and 40.6 cm and 0.74 cm in control group. The fertilized group was found to be superior (by 1 to 5%) to control group in terms of mortality rate, seedlings height, and root diameter. The positive growth of the fertilized group can be due the increase in soil moisture and the higher availability of nutrients to the plants from jellyfish fertilizer.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.380-388
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• 2019

The studies regarding soil bacterial community and correlation analysis of wild-simulated ginseng cultivation area are insufficient. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between soil bacterial community and growth characteristics of wild-simulated ginseng for selection of suitable cultivation area. The bacterial community was investigated by high throughput sequencing technique (Illumina platform). The correlation coefficient between soil bacterial community and growth characteristics were analyzed using Spearman's rank correlation. The soil bacterial community from soil samples of 8 different wild-simulated ginseng cultivated area exhibited two distinct clusters, cluster 1 and cluster 2. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria (35.4%) and Alphaproteobacteria(24.4%) was observed to be highest in all soil samples. The lower soil pH and higher abundance of Acidobacteria resulted in increased growth of wild-simulated ginseng. Additionally, abundance of Acidobacteriia (class) and Koribacteraceae (family) demonstrated significant positive correlation with fresh weight of wild-simulated ginseng. The results of this study clearly state the correlation between growth characteristic and soil bacterial community of wild-simulated ginseng cultivation area, thereby offering effective insight into selection of suitable cultivation area of wild-simulated ginseng.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.110 no.2
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• pp.189-197
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• 2021

This study aims to optimize the appropriate concentration of fertilizers for Sageretia thea by analyzing growth performances (height and root collar diameter) and physiological characteristics (photosynthesis, chlorophyll contents, and chlorophyll fluorescence reaction). As fertilizer concentration was increased to 1.5 g·L^-1, growth increased, but it decreased at 2.0 g·L^-1 treatment. Root collar diameter growth was reduced because of higher fertilizer concentrations. Photosynthesis reactions showed the highest CO₂ reaction curves, maximum photosynthesis rate, and maximum carboxylation rate in the 1.5 g·L^-1 fertilizer treatment. The chlorophyll fluorescence reaction and SPAD values revealed that fertilizer treatment improves photosynthesis efficiency and robustness compared with untreated control. Therefore, the appropriate fertilizer concentration for producing good seedling quality of Sageretia thea is 1.0~1.5 g·L^-1.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.781-790
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• 2019

Changes in the physical and chemical properties of soil materials during the nursing process have a great influence on the quality of containerized seedlings and on growth and survival after planting. In this study, the effect of biomaterials and their mixed ratios on the growth of Zelkova serrata seedlings in a containerized seedling production system was investigated. Mushroom sawdust, pine bark, and carbonized rice husk were used as biomaterials. The mixed ratios were 10% and 20% volume ratio of the growing medium volume, including the untreated controls. There was no significant difference in the height growth of the Zelkova serrata seedlings according to the biomaterials. The root collar diameter was the highest with the 20% carbonized rice husk and the lowest with the mushroom sawdust. The difference between the highest quality index and the lowest quality index was 30% in the order of the carbonized rice husk, pine bark, control, and mushroom sawdust, but there was no statistical significance. In this study, if the growing medium mixed with biomaterials does not reduce the seedling growth compared with the control, it is considered that the biomaterial can replace a part of the growing media. Therefore, the results show that some of the growing media can be replaced with carbonized rice husk or pine bark when producing Zelkova serrata seedlings.