• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.23-38
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• 2022

This study investigates the characteristics and physical habitat requirements for each Bufo gargarizans life history through a literature survey. After deriving variables for each component of Bufo gargarizans, in order to reduce regional deviations from eight previously studied literature research areas for deriving the criteria for variables, a total of 12 natural habitats of Bufo gargarizanss are selected as spatial ranges by selecting four additional sites such as Umyeonsan Ecological Park in Seoul, Wonheungibangjuk in Cheongju in the central region, Changnyeong Isan Reservoir in the southern region, and Mangwonji in Daegu. This study presents Bufo gargarizans SI, a species endemic to Korea, whose population is rapidly declining due to large-scale housing site development and road development, and develops a Bufo gargarizans HSI model accordingly to improve the function of the damaged Bufo gargarizans habitat and to present an objective basis for site selection of alternative habitat. At the same time, it provides basic data for adaptive management and follow-up monitoring. The three basic habitat requirements of amphibians, the physical habitat requirements of Bufo gargarizans, synthesized with shelter, food, and water, and the characteristics of each life history, are classified into five components by adding space and threats through literature research and expert advice. Variables are proposed by synthesizing and comparing the general characteristics of amphibians, among the previously studied single species of amphibians, the components of HSI of goldfrogs and Bufo gargarizans, and the ecological and physical environmental characteristics of Bufo gargarizans. Afterwards, through consultation with an amphibian expert, a total of 10 variables are finally presented by adjacent forest area(ha), the distance between spawning area and the nearest forest land(m), the soil, the distance from the wetland(m), the forest layered structure, the low grassland space, the permanent wetland area(ha), shoreline slope(%), PH, presence of predators, distance from road(m), presence or absence of obstacles. n order to derive the final criteria for each of the 10 variables, the criteria(alternative) for each variable are presented through geographic information analysis of the site survey area and field surveys of the previously studied literature research area. After a focus group interview(FGI) of 30 people related to the Bufo gargarizans colony in Cheongju, a questionnaire and in-depth interviews with three amphibians experts are conducted to verify and supplement the criteria for each final variable. Based on the finally developed Bufo gargarizans HSI, the Bufo gargarizans habitat model is presented through the SI graph model and the drawing centering on the Bufo gargarizans spawning area

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.66-71
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• 1992

The ecological distribution of endomycorrhizas in evergreen woody species native to the evergreen forest ecosystem of Tadohae-haesang National Park in southern Korea in February, 1989 was studied. The abundance and diversity of vesicular-arbuscular (VA) mycorrhizal fungi were also determined. The spore densities ranged from 14 to 326 per 100 g of soil. Most of the spores of mycorrhizal fungi collected from 25 soil samples belonged to the genera Glomus and Gigaspora. The frequency and number of spores in Camellia japonica varied with location. Spores belonging to the genus Gigaspora were not found in Camellia japonica in Yesongri evergreen forests adjacent to the sea. Glomus sp. was the major constituent of the spore assemblage at this site. The most abundant species in Camellia japonica in the Yesongri evergreen forests in Pogildo was Glomus borealis. In the soil of a mountain at Buwhangri, in the central location of the island at an elevation of 250 m, Gigaspora sp. was present and Glomus sp. was a major constituent of the spore assemblage. In the urban area of Haenam spore densities were much higher than in the Pogildo area. The most abundant species in Camellia japonica in the urban area of Haenam was Gigaspora sp..

• 환경영향평가
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.387-402
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• 2005

In this study, we tried to predict the change of future land-cover and relationships between land-cover change and geo-spatial information in the Gongju area by using fuzzy logic operation. Quantitative evaluation of prediction models was carried out using a prediction rate curve using. Based on the analysis of correlations between the geo-spatial information and land-cover change, the class with the highest correlation was extracted. Fuzzy operations were used to predict land-cover change and determine the land-cover prediction maps that were the most suitable. It was predicted that in urban areas, the urban expansion of old and new towns would occur centering on the Gem-river, and that urbanization of areas along the interchange and national roads would also expand. Among agricultural areas, areas adjacent to national roads connected to small tributaries of the Gem-river and neighboring areas would likely experience changes. Most of the forest areas are located in southeast and from this result we can guess why the wide chestnut-tree cultivation complex is located in these areas and the possibility of forest damage is very high. As a result of validation using the prediction rate curve, it was indicated that among fuzzy operators, the maximum fuzzy operator was the most suitable for analyzing land-cover change in urban and agricultural areas. Other fuzzy operators resulted in the similar prediction capabilities. However, in the prediction rate curve of integrated models for land-cover prediction in the forest areas, most fuzzy operators resulted in poorer prediction capabilities. Thus, it is necessary to apply new thematic maps or prediction models in connection with the effective prediction of changes in the forest areas.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 감시 카메라를 통해 입력된 영상 정보로 연기와 화염을 실시간 검출하는 알고리즘을 제안한다. 산불은 막대한 인명, 재산피해를 불러오기 때문에 조기 감지에 따른 초기 진화가 매우 중요하다. 제안하는 산불 감시 알고리즘은 화염 감지와 연기 감지로 나뉘는데, 화염 감지는 단일 프레임에서 YCbCr 컬러 모델에서의 조건 검사를 통하여 화염을 검출한다. 연기 감지를 위해서는 먼저 현재 영상과 인접한 프레임들의 평균 영상사이의 차를 가중치로 이용하여 배경 범위를 설정하고, 이 범위를 벗어나면서 회색조를 갖는 픽셀만을 연기영역으로 검출한다. 제안하는 화염 감지 알고리즘은 기존의 알고리즘보다 일조량에 따른 조도의 변화에 강건하고, 연기 검출 알고리즘은 단위 시간동안의 변화량을 고려하여 회색조의 픽셀만을 연기로 감지하기 때문에 효과적인 조기 산불 탐지가 가능하다. 실험 결과는 제안하는 산불 감시 알고리즘이 기존의 알고리즘보다 우수한 성능을 나타냄을 보여준다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.133-157
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• 1994

This study was executed to find out the succession stage and the ecological niche of Lindera erythrocarpa Markino. Four sites were selected by field investigation. They are Jeondungsa and Jeongsusa of Kanghwa Island, Mt. Suri of Anyang and Mt. Gaya of Chungcheongnamdo. They located in the region which have the similar temperature with Seoul region or lower average temperature for winter than that of adjacent Seoul. In the four sites, L, erythrocarpa was appeard in canopy layer at L. erythrocarpa community in Jeondungsa, L. erythrocarpa-Q. serrata, Z. serrata-L. erythrocarpa community in Jeongsusa, Castanea crenata-L, erythrocarpa community, L. erythrocarpa-Q. serrata community in Mt. Gaya and in the rest of the sites, it lives in subtree and shrub layer. And in the four sites but Jeongsusa area, it correspond with Chang(1991)'s study that L. erythrocarpa is dominant species in the site impacted by human. L. erythrocarpa lives with Quercus spp. such as Q. serrata, Q. variabilis, Q. mongolica and Carpinus laxiflora but it's presumably a passing phenomena.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2008

본 논문은 숲가꾸기 산물인 간벌목이 산불에 미치는 영향에 대하여 연구하였다. 즉, 간벌목이 산불에 미치는 영향을 조사하고자 강원도 양양군과 인제군, 경기도 가평군의 숲가꾸기 실행지와 미실행 지역을 선정하였다. 이 조사대상지에 대하여 수종, 입지특성, 간벌강도, 숲가꾸기 종류, 간벌재의 적재행태 및 산불위험도에 대한 조사를 수행하였다. 조사대상지인 양양군 5개소, 가평군 4개소, 인제군 5개소 총 14개 조사구에 대하여 숲가꾸기 실행지 9개소, 미실행지 5개소에 대한 현장조사를 실시하였다. 숲가꾸기 미실행지 5개소는 숲가꾸기 실행지와 인접한 조사지역을 선정하였고, 숲가꾸기 실행지와의 산불위험도에 대해 비교 분석을 수행하였다. 본 연구의 조사결과 숲가꾸기 실행지의 산물인 간벌목의 적재높이는 1 m 미만으로 적재되어 있어 산불연소시 수관부로 전파될 위험성은 거의 없는 것으로 판단되었다. 그러나 적재된 간벌목과 임목간의 거리가 거의 붙어 있어 적재된 간벌목에 산불이 붙을 경우 임목 줄기부(수간)에 직접영향을 줄 것으로 판단된다. 그리고 적재된 간벌목이 많이 쌓여 있을 경우 이로 인하여 재발화의 가능성이 있을 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.75-86
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• 2002

This study was conducted to analyze the change of soil characteristics effect on the condition of urban forest in Sasang parti located near Sasang Industrial Complex. The results of this study are as follows; 1. Soil hardness is increasing from the area of forest, to the entrance, to facilities in that order. Soil acidity pH4.19∼4.23 in Sasang park indicated a high acidity condition. High levers of K, Na, Mg, Ca are shown in the areas composed of high soil hardness. 2. Pinus thunbergii in the overstory tree layer, Alnus japonica in the understory tree layer, and Rhus sylvestris in the shurb layer are shown respectively as dominant species based on the ground survey and the compution of important value. Pinus thunbergii is decreasing, while Alnus japonica and increasing. 3. Oplismenus undulatifolius which has a strong tolerance for air pollution, is shown as a dominant species of herbaceous plants in Sasang park. There are 10 species of Harbaceous in Sasang park compared to 20 species in Molundae park. This shows that deversity in herbaceous plants are imported by air pollution. 4. Species diversity indices of Sasang park is 0.8738∼0.9700 compared to 1.0817∼ 1.233 in Molundae park is due to the good condition of soil environment in addition to air pollution effects. 5. The vitality of Pinus thunbergii is 16.41∼20.42ER in Sasang park, and 12.42∼ 16.81ER, in Molundae park. This shows that tree vitality are impacted by soil characteristics. The regression analysis between tree vitality and soil environment shows the effects of is soil hardness, soil moisture, soil acidity, K, Na, Mg, Ca.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.105-116
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• 1997

This study is for extent of polluted area by acid mine drainage from the Daeseong coal mine, Keumsan. Black shales of the Changri Formation containing the Daeseong coal mine are geochemically similar to those from the North America as well as Europe. Comparing with geochemical compositions and relative ratios, coal bearing and non-coal bearing soils are similar to the stream sediments influenced and not influnced by the acid mine drainage, respectively. These characteristics suggest that acidification of the soils and of the stream sediments are related to the the coal bearing black shale. Soil waters beneath the coal bearing soil have low pH and high cation contents than those beneath non-coal bearing soil, suggestive of extractions of cations with increasing oxidizations within the soils. Surface waters show that those influenced by the acid mine drainage are low pH, and have high $SO_4{^{2-}}$, $Mg^{2+}$, $Fe^{2+}$, Mn and slightly lower DO, suggesting that heavy pollutions have been progressed in these area. Geochemical comparisons between the polluted surface water and adjacent black shales suggest that pollutions of the surface water are related to the black shales.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.16-27
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• 2020

본 연구는 서울시 도심 하천 중 국가하천인 중랑천을 대상으로 보전지역 설정 프로그램인 Marxan with zones 프로그램을 기반으로 한 하천 내 보전지역 설정 및 생태적 관리방안을 제시하였다. Marxan with zones 프로그램 적용은 유역권(planning unit) 설정, 맵핑지표(mapping index) 적용, 반복적인 분석을 위한 수치보정, 분석을 통한 시나리오 별 최적안 작성, 시나리오 별 민감도 분석, 시나리오 중 최적안 검토 및 선정 단계로 진행하였다. 중랑천 내 보전지역 설정 결과, 기존에 보전지역으로 지정 및 관리하고 있는 중랑천 상류 야생생물보호구역을 포함한 다수의 유역권과 중랑천 하류의 철새보호구역을 포함한 유역권이 핵심보전지역으로 설정되었다. 상류는 중랑천을 중심으로 수락산과 도봉산 등 산림이 인접하여 다수의 야생조류가 관찰되었다. 하류는 한강 합수부, 청계천 합수부 등 하천생태계가 인접하여 하천을 따라 이동하는 철새 도래지이다. 따라서 중랑천 상류와 하류는 유역권 내 도봉산, 수락산, 응봉산 등 산림생태계, 도심 내 녹지, 청계천 합수부, 한강 합수부 등 다양한 생태계와 연결되어 있어 보전지역 설정에 영향을 주었다. 본 연구는 보전지역 검증 시 Marxan with zones 프로그램을 통한 기존 보전지역 설정 및 평가를 검증하였고, 프로그램을 통해 핵심보전지역으로 도출된 유역권을 생태적으로 관리하기 위해 하천 내 관리방안과 유역권 관리방안으로 구분하여 제시하였다.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.322-332
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• 2012

본 연구는 원격무선추적 자료를 바탕으로 우리나라의 농촌지역에 서식하는 삵의 행동권, 서식지 선택, 개체군 위협요인을 파악하고자 하였으며 3개체(수컷 2, 암컷 1)를 대상으로 한 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 행동권은 평균 $2.64{\pm}1.99km^2$(K 95)와 $3.69{\pm}1.34km^2$(MCP 100)이었으며, 핵심공간은 평균 $0.64{\pm}0.47km^2$(K 50)를 나타냈고, 겨울철에 추적된 수컷의 행동권이 가장 넓었다($5.19km^2$, MCP 100). 둘째, Jacobs index에 기반을 둔 Johnson의 서식지 선택모형을 분석한 결과 삵은 2단계 선택(경관 내에서의 서식지 선택)에서 초지와 논을 선호하고 산림은 회피하는 반면에, 3단계 선택(행동권 내에서의 서식지 선택)에서는 하천변의 초지를 매우 선호하고 논을 회피하였다. 셋째, 로드킬은 삵의 심각한 개체군 위협요인으로 판단되며, 논의 토지피복 비율이 높고, 하천변에 도로가 존재하며, 산림이 마을 주위에만 소규모로 존재하는 지역에서는 삵의 개체군 유지가 매우 불안정할 수 있어 이러한 지역에 로드킬 대책과 하천변 초지보호 등의 노력이 보다 집중되어야 할 것이다.