• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.109 no.2
• /
• pp.231-242
• /
• 2020

This study identified the types and features of forest leisure activities based on data from the Nationwide Survey on Forest Leisure Activities (N= 6,191). Further, the study analyzed the demographic impact factors of the categorized forest leisure activities according to four types of objectives reported by visitors: health promotion, education, relaxation, and leisure sports. The investigation revealed that people visit forests for relaxation regardless of the season; however, leisure-sports visitors engage in activities that occur in summer, are most expensive, and involve the shortest trip time. The study also found that age, gender, household incomes, and the presence of children were the most important factors influencing the selection of activities. Age was found the predominant consideration: the older the age was, the more likely people were to prefer the relaxation and health promotion type. Men were more likely to choose health promotion activities over relaxation and tended to prefer educational trips over relaxation when accompanied by children. Higher household incomes corresponded to an increased likelihood of visitor preferences for relaxation over education and for health promotion over relaxation. This study contributes to the extant literature by statistically determining the nationwide predominance of age as the principal factor driving visitor preferences for forest leisure activities. Future studies should establish policy directions for forest welfare from the perspective of users grouped into day visitors and overnight guests.

• The Journal of the Korean Institute of Forest Recreation
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.71-81
• /
• 2018

It is necessary to build a quality-enhancing forest leisure sports facility according to values that value life quality, national forest policy. Vita Parcours (fitness trails) is found to be the activities highly convenient, so their introduction and promotion in Korea should be highly considered. field survey was necessary to explore the possibility of installing Vita Parcours. Several sites were selected, such as Asean recreational forest, Unaksan recreational forest, Yumyeongsan recreational forest, Saneum recreational forest, Jungmisan recreational forest and National center for forest therapy. At these locations, we explored the current status of forest facilities and forest trails. A total number of 31 exercise facilities has been identified and surveyed, some of which are located on the trails (2), alongside the trail (9), alongside trail boundaries (2) or represent facilities suitable for both outdoor and indoor exercise within the forest (18), all of whom provide location for 44 different exercise routines (flexibility exercises (23), endurance (12) and strength exercises (9)). Field work also included identification of forests paths, the total number of whom was 34 paths - 30 identified as trails, 2 as hiking trails, 1 as a forest path for relaxation and healing and 1 as an exploratory path. Regarding the structure and shape of these trails, 32 was straight in shape and only 2 designed as a circular forest trails. Average length of these trails was 652.2m with the highest and the lowest point altitude difference of 60m, on average. Saneum recreational forest provide the most suitable site/environment for Vita Parcours and as a result of this, Saneum recreational forest is proposed as a location to support the endeavors in promotion of these valuable forest fitness trails. Among the forest paths at this site, a forest path which has a length of 1.84km and 73.0m the highest and the lowest point altitude difference was selected as the most suitable, and may be equipped with necessary stations for exercise or obstacles. In addition, if these trails are to be introduced and welcomed by its users, we must assure that they are properly maintained.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.386-394
• /
• 2023

This study investigated changes in salivary cortisol, lactic acid, and heart rate along the route during walking exercise in a forest environment for the purpose of reducing stress. Walking exercise in a forest environment was conducted on a Hill Type (Distance: 800m, Average slope 25°, Altitude 112m) and Step Type (Distance: 800m, Average slope 25°, Altitude 114m) routes for 10 female college students in their 20s. The subjects were asked to walk at a speed of 60 bpm. The resulting changes in salivary cortisol, lactate, and average heart rate during exercise were compared and analyzed using Repeated Measurement two-way ANOVA, and the maximum heart rate during exercise and average heart rate at rest were compared and analyzed using paired t-test, and the following results were obtained. First, there was no significant difference in salivary cortisol depending on the type and period of the forest, but it tended to gradually decrease. Second, there was a significant difference in lactic acid depending on the type and period, and it was higher in Step Type. Third, there was a significant difference in the average heart rate during exercise, and it was higher in Step Type. Fourth, there was a significant difference in maximum heart rate during exercise, and it was higher in Step Type. Fifth, there was no significant difference in average heart rate during rest. In summary, walking exercise in a forest environment can be effective for stress reduction for female college students in their 20s, but it appears that forest routes should be selected according to physical strength level, and walking exercise in a forest environment for long periods of time is not recommended. For this purpose, it is suggested that it is appropriate to select the Hill Type route.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.104 no.3
• /
• pp.383-389
• /
• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-apoptosis-related protein expression in skeletal muscle of rats with different amount of mountain ginseng (MG) added high-fat diet fed. Twenty-four Sprague Dawley male rats were divided into the high-fat diet control group (CON), 0.5% of MG added diet group (MG1), and 1.0% of MG added diet group (MG2) with eight rats each. The P53, anti-apoptotic protein, was significantly lower in MG2 than CON and MG1. The bcl-2 and bcl-xl, however, were not significantly different from MG1 but from CON. The caspase-9 and -3, were significantly lower in MG groups than CON. In addition, it was dramatically lower in MG2. These results suggested that MG addition to the high-fat diet suppressed p53 protein expression and enhanced anti-apoptototic protein expression. MG may be a positive effects on health as a medicinal plant.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.101 no.1
• /
• pp.69-76
• /
• 2012

We investigated the effect of mountain ginseng-added high fat diet supplementation on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protein expressions in rats. Thirty-two male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups; HS (high-fat diet sedentary group, n=8), MG1 (0.5% mountain ginseng-added diet group, n=8), MG2 (1% mountain ginsengadded diet group, n=8) and MG3 (2% mountain ginseng-added diet group, n=8). They have fed the diet for 4 weeks. The blood triglyceride were significantly lower in the MG1 and MG2 groups than that of the HS group. The blood HDL-cholesterol were significantly higher in the MG3 group than that of the HS and MG2 groups. The muscle glycogen contents of the MG2 and MG3 groups were significantly higher than that of HS and MG1 groups. The MDA contents in the MG1, MG2 and MG3 groups tended to lower than the HS group. The GPx protein expression in the gastrocnemius muscle of the MG2 group was significantly increased compared to that of the HS group. The Cu,Zn-SOD protein expression in the gastrocnemius muscle of the MG1 and MG2 groups was significantly increased compared to that of the MG3 group. The Mn-SOD protein expression in the MG1, MG2 and MG3 groups tended to higher than the HS group. From these results, it was suggested that mountain ginseng-added diet may have an crucial role on decreased MDA levels and increased antioxidant function in the skeletal muscle of rat fed a high fat diet.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.100 no.2
• /
• pp.232-239
• /
• 2011

This study was performed to find out the persimmon vinegar as a functional drink on reducing blood lipids and enhancing exercise performance. For these, thirty two Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into 4 groups; control (CONT), water placebo with high fat diet control (ACON), high fat diet with 2.5 times diluted persimmon vinegar ingestion (PV2.5), and high fat diet with 5.0 times diluted persimmon vinegar ingestion (PV5.0). Body weight was not different. Abdominal fat pads were statistically reduced in PV2.5 and PV5.0 compared to CONT and ACON. Blood glucose was not significant but TC, LDL-C and TG were lower in PV2.5 and PV5.0 than other groups, and HDL-C in PV2.5 was the highest among groups. Glycogen contents in the muscle and liver were higher in PV2.5 and PV5.0 compared to CONT and ACON. These results suggested that persimmon vinegar ingestion may inhibit the blood lipids increase and increase glycogen storage which possibly enhancing exercise performance. Therefore, persimmon vinegar has the possibility as the functional drink.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.49 no.6
• /
• pp.1-15
• /
• 2021

This study considered Forest Specialists, who are nurtured by the legal system through the analysis of laws and regulations under the jurisdiction of the Korea Forest Service. In particular, the transition process of forest-related laws and laws to train forest specialists were identified. In addition, changes and characteristics regarding the cultivation of professional forestry talents according to forestry policy were investigated. As a result, it was found that Forest Specialist on policy dealt with forestry success for forestry promotion, and forestry engineers dealt with technical skills for forestry industry development. In addition, according to the revision of the laws for the sustainable use of timber, wood-structural engineers, timber grade evaluators, and timber education specialists are trained separately. Forest Specialists concerned with forest welfare policies were found to train forest experts and complete specialized training courses to provide various services for forest cultural and recreation facilities, healing forests, and forest leisure sports facilities. There is an instructor for forest leisure sports. Forest welfare experts are divided into forest education experts and forest healing instructors; forest education specialists are further divided into forest interpreters, forest guides for children, and forest trekking guides. Forest Specialists on forest protection policy were found to train arboretum and garden experts for the efficient management and exhibition of arboretums. Gardens and tree doctors and tree treatment technicians for arboretums wer also trained. A tree doctor and a tree treatment technician were found to have the necessary qualifications to run a tree hospital business, diagnosing and treating tree damage. Therefore, it is thought that the Korea Forest Service is nurturing Forest Specialists with technical capabilities for forestry promotion, forest industry development, and tree treatment; and the Forest Specialists can provide education and welfare services at culture, recreation, treatment, and conservation sites in forests.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.294-303
• /
• 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of sensory integration training on children with developmental delays. To achieve this goal, an educational experiment is conducted in five main areas: gross motor ability, fine motor ability, adaptive ability, language and social ability in children with developmental delay. The study subjects were children with developmental delays aged 3-6 years diagnosed at Beijing Institute of Pediatrics and Beijing Medical University and received sensory integration intervention and homebased training at the Golden Rain Forest Beijing Tongzhou Center from 2018 to 2021. According to the purpose of the analysis, the data collected are subjected to descriptive statistics using SPSS 21.0 statistical program, Two-way MANOVA analysis, and data analysis method of multivariate analysis is used to process the collected data. In addition, a total of 39 subjects were selected, including 19 children who received sensory integration training and 20 children who only received family training. The results show that the sensory integration training group outperformed the home training group in all aspects and developmental quotient, but the home training group also showed higher levels of significance for improvements in gross motor, fine motor and developmental quotient.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.104 no.1
• /
• pp.67-75
• /
• 2015

This research is to investigate the four years growth mountain-cultivated ginseng ripened twenty-two weeks into four years fermented persimmon vinegar (tentatively: Sansamcho) ingestion on obese-related factors during dietary control. The Sansamcho was ingested orally, two times a day, after every meal for six weeks to the male rats. Groups were divided into the control (CON), the restricted diet (RD), and the weight cycling (WC). And, each groups has its own sub-groups as the -control (-CON), 2.5 times diluted Sansamcho ingestion (-MPV2.5), and 5.0 times diluted Sansamcho ingestion (-MPV5.0) groups, respectively. The number of rat was consisted of seven in each group. After six weeks rearing periods was done, abdominal fats (retroperitoneal fat, mesentery fat, and epididymal fat) and energy metabolic-related protein (AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; PPAR-${\alpha}$: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-${\alpha}$; and CPT-1: carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1) were weighed and analyzed. Amount of stored fat was significantly or tended to decrease by Sansamcho ingestion. In addition, sum of fats increasing were suppressed by the material. On the contrary, energy metabolism-related protein expression was significantly increased or tended to increase by Sansamcho ingestion. This results suggested that increased energy metabolism using Sansamcho was restrained effectively visceral fat store by high-fat diet and/or dietary control. In other words, it has a good function to suppress weight cycling which is the most insoluble problem. Therefore, the fusion material, Sansamcho, may expect to utilize as the obese-suppression-food.

• The Journal of the Korean Institute of Forest Recreation
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.35-48
• /
• 2018

This research was carried out to provide a good quality forest healing program as a basic source of development by researching the general characteristics of users of Geiji Mountain in North Jeolla Province, the recognition of forest healing and regional preference programs. As a result of the survey, Geigisan Mountain is used as a natural place for recreation and leisure of residents of Jeonju. The most important factors in the selection of forest healing programs for visitors were the activities, organization and chronology of the program, and the main purpose was to improve health. Week-by-week programs utilizing weekends were preferred for management of forest healing programs. It was revealed that sports programs prefer to enjoy natural scenery, forest experience programs, healing programs, forest therapy programs, meditation programs, and listening to forest music. The outcome of this study is expected to be used as a basic source for developing and researching a program for forest healing in the area of Mt. Meanwhile, the limit on the composition of suitable forest healing programs according to preference is required for continuous and continuous integrated study of the forest healing program for the future of the forest healing program.