• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.34-50
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• 2018

Purpose : This study aimed to clarify attributes, antecedents, and consequences of forensic nursing competency. Method : Rodgers' evolutionary concept analysis was used to analyze twenty nine articles on forensic nursing based on a systematic review of theology, medicine, psychology, and nursing literature. Results : Forensic nursing competency consists of the following seven attributes: awareness of the medico-legal problem, multidisciplinary integrated knowledge, education and training in forensic science, professional career development, evidence based practice in forensic nursing, collaborative forensic nursing with community partner, safety and security effective communication, and supportive relationships. Finally, we could explain the consequences of forensic nursing competency on knowledge construction in nursing, enhancing professional nursing, and establishing a human rights and social justice based approach. The antecedents of forensic nursing competency were forensic science interest, forensic science experience, and nurses' view of person in forensic-works. Conclusion : Based on these results, we recommend the development of a Korean version of a scale to assess forensic nursing competency.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.47-61
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• 2011

Recently, the importance of digital forensic has been magnified because of the dramatic increase of cyber crimes and the increasing complexity of the investigation of target systems such as PCs, servers, and database systems. Moreover, some systems have to be investigated with live forensic techniques. However, even though live forensic techniques have been improved, they are still vulnerable to anti-forensic activities when the target systems are remotely accessible by criminals or their accomplices. To solve this problem, we first suggest a layer-based model and the anti-forensic scenarios which can actually be applicable to each layer. Our suggested model, the Anti-Forensic Activites layer-based model, has 5 layers - the physical layer, network layer, OS layer, database application layer and data layer. Each layer has possible anti-forensic scenarios with detailed commands. Second, we propose a fuzzy expert system for effectively detecting anti-forensic activities. Some anti-forensic activities are hardly distinguished from normal activities. So, we use fuzzy logic for handling ambiguous data. We make rule sets with extracted commands and their arguments from pre-defined scenarios and the fuzzy expert system learns the rule sets. With this system, we can detect anti-forensic activities in real time when performing live forensic.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.10-19
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine factors affecting the performance of the forensic nursing role among emergency department (ED) nurses. Methods: Data collection was conducted on 125 nurses of EDs in 9 medical centers in U metropolitan city from June 20 to July 20, 2016. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression using SPSS Win 21.0 program. Results: There were statistically significant differences in the performance of the forensic nursing role according to the types of emergency medical institutions, perception of the forensic nursing and forensic nurse. Performance of the forensic nursing role had positive relationships with the awareness of the forensic nursing role and forensic nursing competency. Factors affecting the performance of forensic nursing role were forensic nursing role awareness, the types of emergency medical institutions and forensic nursing competency. These factors explained 40.8% of the total variance. Conclusion: The results suggest that awareness of the forensic nursing role, forensic nursing competency and the types of emergency medical institutions have influences on the performance of forensic nursing role. Therefore, it is necessary to design interventions suitable for the types of emergency medical institutions for ED nurses to enhance the awareness of forensic nursing role and to reinforce forensic nursing competency.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.64-74
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• 2014

Purpose: Purpose of this study was to identify the factors influencing forensic nursing performance role of Emergency Department(ED) nurses. Methods: The study was conducted with 120 ED nurses from Busan. Data were collected during July, 2013 and analyzed using SPSS Win 19.0 program. Results: There were positive correlations between awareness of the forensic nursing role and forensic interest (r=.29, p=.001), between awareness of the forensic nursing role and forensic nursing performance role (r=.54, p<.001), and between forensic experience and forensic nursing performance role (r=.26, p=.004). Awareness of forensic nursing role (${\beta}=.50$, p<.001) and experience in forensics (${\beta}=.24$, p<.001) were significant predictors of forensic nursing role performance and explained 35.9% of the variance. Conclusion: To improve forensic experience, medical institutions should provide education and training for ED nurses to increase their indirect experience. Periodic assessment should also be done. Nurses with training assigned to the ED will enhance the forensic nursing role performance.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.101-106
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• 2017

Purpose: This study examined the patterns of drugs, poisons, and chemicals detected in autopsy samples performed in the Seoul Institute and other regional forensic offices of the National Forensic Service (NFS) between 2014 and 2016. Methods: The investigation carried out using the laboratory information management system. Forensic toxicological identification and quantitation were performed in autopsy samples, including heart blood, peripheral blood, liver, kidney, vitreous humor and etc. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) were used to analyze the drugs and poisons. Results: Forensic autopsies were performed on 9,674 cases in this period. Based on the autopsy reports, 699 cases (7.2%) were considered as unnatural deaths caused by fatal intoxication. The number of male deaths was higher than that of female deaths, with the age of 50-59 being the most common age group. Conclusion: Drugs comprised the largest number of deaths due to poison, followed by alcohol, agrochemicals, drug with alcohol, carbon monoxide, and cyanide, in that order. Zolpidem was the most frequently used drug in all drug-related intoxication cases.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.275-287
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• 2020

Since its introduction in the forensic field, quantitative PCR (qPCR) has played an essential role in DNA analysis. Quality of DNA should be evaluated before short tandem repeat (STR) profiling to obtain reliable results and reduce unnecessary costs. To this end, various human DNA quantification kits have been developed. Among these kits, the PowerQunat® System was designed not only to determine the total amount of human DNA and human male DNA from a forensic evidence item, but also to offer data about degradation of DNA samples. However, a crucial limitation of the PowerQunat® System is its high cost. Therefore, to minimize the cost of DNA quantification, we evaluated kit performance using a reduced volume of reagents (1/2-volume) using DNA samples of varying types and concentrations. Our results demonstrated that the low-volume method has almost comparable performance to the manufacturer's method for human DNA quantification, human male DNA quantification, and DNA degradation index. Furthermore, using a reduced volume of regents, it is possible to run 2 times more reactions per kit. We expect the proposed low-volume method to cut costs in half for laboratories dealing with large numbers of DNA samples.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.157-169
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• 2022

DNA typing is the typical technology in the forensic science and plays a significant role in the personal identification of victims and suspects. Short tandem repeat (STR) is the short tandemly repeated DNA sequence consisting of 2~7 bp DNA units in specific loci. It is disseminated across the human genome and represents polymorphism among individuals. Because polymorphism is a key feature of the application of DNA typing STR analysis, STR analysis becomes the standard technology in forensics. Therefore, the DNA database (DNA-DB) was first introduced with 4 essential STR markers for the application of forensic science; however, the number of STR markers was expanded from 4 to 13 and 13 to 20 later to counteract the continuously increased DNA profile and other needed situations. After applying expanded STR markers to the South Korean DNA-DB system, it positively affected to low copy number analysis that had a high possibility of partial DNA profiles, and especially contributed to the theft cases due to the high portion of touch DNA evidence in the theft case. Furthermore, STR marker expansion not only contributed to the resolution of cold cases but also increased kinship index indicating the potential for improved kinship test accuracy using extended STR markers. Collectively, the expansion of the STR locus was considered to be necessary to keep pace with the continuously increasing DNA profile, and to improve the data integrity of the DNA-DB.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.633-646
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• 2023

The increases in UAVs(Unman Aerial Vehicle) such as drone result in safety issues and the threat of illegal drone as well. Recognizing the need for Drone forensics, domestic and foreign organizations and agencies are trying to establish drone forensic guidelines. The definition of Drone forensic artifacts and examination of forensic tools must be provided, in order to establish a practical drone forensic framework on security sites and also the concept of drone live forensic which provides meaningful data that can be extracted in a live state. In this study, the drone forensic methodology covering various types of drones is explained, and the practical forensic methodology with live forensic PoC(Proof Of Concept) tools; LiPFo(Live-PX4-Forenensic) is proposed.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.124-130
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• 2023

The increase in the number of fatal electric accidents over the years has escalated the demand for specialized forensic engineers to determine their relevant technical causes. Likewise, the complexities associated with identifying the causes of electrocution accidents have prompted the General Department of Forensic Science and Criminology at Dubai Police to adopt a new methodology to diagnose electrocution accidents, consisting of an approach that involves medico-legal examination, electrical diagnosis of the evidence, and trace evidence analysis. This paper will discuss the application of the adopted method in further detail by unfolding two case reports. The first report outlines a case in which a worker got electrocuted at a construction site while attempting to turn on a lamp. The second case report involves the death of a technician in a workshop after trying to disconnect a washing machine from its plug. The methodology was utilized during the investigation of both cases, which were attended by the appointed forensic engineers and showed promising results.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.155-162
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• 2019

Analysis techniques using DNA profiling are widely used in various fields including forensic science and new technologies such as the Direct PCR amplification method are being developed continuously in order to acquire the DNA profiles efficiently. However, it has a limits such as non-specific amplification according to the quality of crime scene evidence samples. Especially, split peaks caused by excessive DNA samples are one of the important factors that could cause the debate to allow researchers to interpret the DNA profile results. In this study, we confirmed the occurrence rate of split peaks in each STR (short tandem repeats) locus of the $GlobalFiler^{TM}$ kit and investigated the possibility of improving the split peaks using several PCR additives such as DMSO (dimethylsulfoxide), $MgCl_2$, Betaine and Tween-20. As a result, we could make three groups according to the occurrence rate of split peaks in Direct PCR and it was confirmed that the ratio of split peaks could be reduced by DMSO (87.4 %), $MgCl_2$ (84.5 %) and Betaine (86.1 %), respectively. These results indicate that PCR additives such as DMSO, $MgCl_2$ and Betaine can be improve the split peaks in Direct PCR and thereby facilitate subsequently a successful DNA profile results.