• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제66권5호
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• pp.949-961
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• 2024

The annual forage crop production system, enclosing silage corn (Zea mays L.) and following cool-season annual forage, can enhance forage production efficiency where available land is limited for pasture production. In this forage production system, successful silage corn cultivation has a significant value due to the great yield of highly digestible forage. However, some untimely planting or harvesting of corn due to changing weather often reduces biomass and feeding values. Therefore, a study was conducted to quantify the corn silage biomass reductions by the deviations from optimum planting soil temperature and optimum growing degree day (GDD). The approximations of maximum corn production were estimated based on field trial data conducted between 1978 and 2018 with early, medium, and late-maturity corn groups. Based on weather data, the recorded planting dates and harvest dates were converted into the corresponding trials' soil temperatures at planting (STP) and the GDD. The silage corn biomass data were regressed against STP and GDD using a quadratic function. The maximum biomass point was modeled in a convex upward quadratic yield curve and the optimum STP and GDD were defined as those values at the maximum biomass for each maturity group. Optimized STP was at 16.6℃, 16.2℃, and 15.6℃ for early, medium, and late maturity corn groups, respectively, while optimized GDD at harvest was at 1424, 1363, and 1542℃. The biomass reductions demonstrated quadratic functions by the departures of STP or GDD. The 5% reductions were anticipated when STP departed from the optimum temperature by 2.2℃, 2.4℃, and 1.4℃ for early, medium, and late maturity corns, respectively; the same degree of reductions were estimated when the GDD departed by 200, 180, and 130℃ in the same order of the maturity groups. This result indicates that biomass reductions of late-maturity corn were more sensitive to the departures of STP or GDD than the early-maturity corn. Therefore, early maturing cultivars are more stable in biomass production in a silage corn-winter annual forage crop production system to enhance forage-based livestock production efficiency.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.299-306
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• 1996

This experiment was conducted from 1991 to 1993 at the forage experimental field, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, SNU, Suweon to investigate the effects of previous crop residues on growth and yield of succeeding corn(2ea mays L.) and also to determine the best double cropping system necessary to maximize the total dry matter yield of winter forage crops plus corn for silage. In this experiment, treatments consisted of no crop as a control, late maturing Kodiak rye(Seca1e cereale L.), Bamapoli forage rape(Brassica napus Subsp. oleifera L.), G-sprinter oats(Avem sativa L.), Chief crimson clover(Trifolium incarnatum L.), Jackson Italian ryegrass(lo1ium rnultiJlorum L.), Vantage vetch(Vicia sativa L.) and early maturing Koolgrazer rye(Seca1e cereale L.). Corn leaf number and silking date were not significantly affected by previous crop residues, but the leaf number of corn following Italian ryegrass was reduced by 1.9 relative to no previous crop. The plant height and LA1 were significantly reduced during early development when corn followed Italian ryegrass and late maturing Kodiak rye (p<0.05). The dry matter and estimated TDN yields of corn were significantly reduced when corn followed Italian ryegrass and late maturing Kodiak rye. The yield reductions for corn following Italian ryegrass, late maturing Kodiak rye and early maturing Koolgrazer rye, relative to com when no previous crops were planted, were 34, 17 and 8%, respectively. Therefore, the reduction in corn growth and yield in this experiment could be explained by an allelopathic effect resulting from the Italian ryegrass and rye residues. The highest total dry matter yield of 30,509kg/ha was obtained from an early maturing rye-corn double cropping sequence in combination among the eight cropping systems.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.17-23
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• 2019

본 연구는 5월 하순경 늦게 파종하여 재배한 사료용 옥수수의 품종별 생육특성과 생산성을 평가하고 생육특성에 따른 생산성 변화요인을 분석하기 위하여 2017년부터 2018년까지 우리나라 중부지역인 충남 천안에서 수행되었다. 2017년 5월 24일과 2018년 5월 25일 파종한 사료용 옥수수는 6월 5일과 6월 1일에 각각 출현하였다. 출사기는 품종에 따라 차이가 있었고(p<0.05), 대부분의 품종은 7월 22일~23일 경이었다. 간장은 광평옥 품종과 Nero IT 품종 간에는 차이가 있었으나 나머지 품종들 간에는 차이가 없었다. 줄기의 굵기는 품종에 따라 19~22mm 범위였으나 차이가 없었다. 옥수수 검은줄오갈병의 발생률은 모든 품종에서 3% 이하로 낮았다. 가소화양분(TDN) 수량은 품종 간 차이가 있었고(P<0.05), TDN 수량이 많은 품종은 P32P75, P2088, P31N27, 광평옥 순이었다. 가소화양분(TDN) 수량은 줄기 길이, 줄기 굵기 및 이삭수량과 고도의 정의상관이 있었다(p<0.01). 12개 사료용 옥수수 품종들의 평균 TDN 함량은 69.8%였다. 우리나라 중부지역에서 동계사료작물을 5월 중순에 수확을 완료하고 사료용 옥수수를 파종한다면, 만파적응성이 우수한 P32P75, P2088, P31N27, 광평옥 품종을 선택하여 재배하는 것이 양질 조사료 생산성 향상에 유리할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.333-333
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• 2017

This study was conducted to establish of cropping system for year-round forage crops production in east-southern part of Korea and investigated their productivity and feed values. Cropping systems were tested in experiment using oat (cv. Highspeed and Darkhorse) in spring and autumn season, corn (cv. Kwangpyeongok) and sorghum (ss-450) in summer season and rye (cv. Gogu) and triticale (cv. Joseong) in winter season. Considering the forage productivity and feed value such as acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and total digestive nutrients (TDN), this result suggest that three cropping system for year-round forage crops production. The combinations with triticale (winter), corn or sorghum (summer) and oat (autumn) were would be suitable ones. And also the combinations with rye (winter), corn or sorghum (summer) and oat (autumn) were would be suitable. If forage crops cultivation was started in spring season, the combinations with oat (spring), oat (autumn), triticale or rye (winter), corn or sorghum (summer) and oat (autumn) were would be appropriable. For the more suitable cropping system, we are proceeding on verification experiment of year-round forage crops.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.108-115
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• 2017

The aim of this study was to evaluate different herbicides in corn-soybean intercropping for optimum growth, yield and nutritive value of forage under Korean environment conditions. Herbicidal treatments were randomly applied over five plots, viz. (1) Control treatment: no herbicide; (2) Alachlor; (3) Simazine; (4) Pendimethalin and (5) Mixture of alachlor and simazine herbicides in RCBD have three replications. Results depicted that treated herbicides exhibited significant effect over control of weeds. Simazine herbicide alone or mixed with alachlor had adverse effects on soybean but enhanced (p<0.05) corn production in terms of survivability, dry matter and digestible nutrients yield. Corn-soybean coupling and total dry matter yield were greater (p<0.05) in pendimethalin. Simazine-alachlor mixture reduced (p<0.05) soybean height. Conclusively, simazine could not be suitable for corn soybean intercropping because of having an adverse effect on soybean component. Pendimethalin could maintain growth and yield of corn and soybean both components. Effect of alachlor was comparable to that of pendimethalin.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.323-328
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• 1997

Com(Zea mays L.) hybrid is recognized as the principal cmp in a double-cmpping system. Rye(Secale cereale L.), seeded after corn hybrid harvest, is the second crop in the system. Under this forage production system, corn planting is mostly delayed beyond mid-May due to delayed rye harvest on May, but the corn should be harvested until mid-August before the autumn rain started. It is for this reason that early maturing corn hybrids are preferred for silage crops in this system. Twenty eight cultivars of early maturing corn hybrids evaluated in this experiment at three locations (Suweon, Sunghwan and Cheju) for 3 yr(1994-1996) were compared for agronomic characteristics, forage yield and quality. Among the com hybrids tested, DUO1 and GL499 were recommended as the government superior corn hybrids due to their promising agronomic traits, such as short plant and ear heights, adquate dry matter percentage for silage on mid-August, good staygreen along with good lodging and disease resistance, better ear retention, similar yield compared to the control hybrid, Suweon 19 and above average stover quality.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.379-384
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• 2018

In this study, we analyzed the amino acid contents of corn to provide basic data for promoting the use of proteins in livestock. The present study was done to examine the amino acid contents of the corn 'Gwangpyungok' grown in a natural field at the National Institute of Animal Science, Cheonan province, Korea, in 2016. Gwangpyungok, which is Korean corn cultivar, was used as the sample to provide basic data for promoting the use of proteins in livestock by analyzing the amino acid contents of each part of corn as a breed that is adaptable to the environment of Korea. The asparagine acid content was the highest in the leaf blade among the parts of corn, and the glutamic acid content was the highest in the corn ear, stem, leaf sheath, corn bract and inflorescence. The essential amino acids in the corn ear, leaf blade and inflorescence revealed that their contents were in the following order: leucine > phenylalanine > valine > threonine > lysine > isoleucine, and in the inflorescences and stem, leaf sheath and corn bract, their contents were in following order: leucine > valine > phenylalanine > threonine > lysine > isoleucine. Therefore, further research on the nutritional aspects of forage must be performed because livestock growth is influenced by the nutritive value of the various parts of forage.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.44-49
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• 2017

본 시험은 중부지역에서 사료용 옥수수의 검은줄오갈병 발생이 조사료 생산성 에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 2006년부터 2008년까지 충청남도 천안에서 수행되었다. 사료용 옥수수의 공시품종은 국내에서 재배되고 있는 10품종으로 하였고, 재배방법은 4월 하순에 파종하는 1모작 재배와 5월 중하순에 파종하는 2모작 재배로 나누어 재배하였으며, 품종별 검은줄오갈병의 발생률과 수량성을 조사하였다. 우리나라 중부지역에서 사료용 옥수수의 품종별 검은줄오갈병의 발생률은 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 검은줄오갈병에 강한 품종은 광안옥, P3156, 광평옥 및 P3394 품종이었고 약한 품종은 'NC+7117', '수원19호' 'DK697' 및 'GW6959' 품종이었다. 검은줄오갈병 발생에 따른 사료용 옥수수의 조사료 건물수량은 품종 간에 차이가 있었으며(p<0.05), 검은줄오갈병 발생이 많았던 수원 19호와 GW6959 품종의 건물수량이 검은줄오갈병 발생이 적었던 광평옥과 P3156 품종보다 20% 정도 적었다. 옥수수의 품종별 암이삭 비율은 검은줄오갈병 발생이 많았던 NC+7117 및 GW6959 품종이 약 29%로 가장 낮았고 검은줄오갈병의 발생이 적었던 광평옥, P3394 및 P3156 품종에서는 각각 34.0, 38.7 및 36.4%으로 높은 경향이었다. 따라서 우리나라 중부지역에서 사료용 옥수수를 재배할 때는 검은줄오갈병에 강한 품종을 선택하고 파종시기의 조절이 매우 중요하다 할 것이다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.285-292
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• 2012

논에서 청보리를 수확한 후 사료용 옥수수를 뒷그루로 재배할 경우 옥수수의 파종 시기는 청보리의 수확시기에 의하여 결정되고, 이에 따라 조사료 생산량이 영향을 받게 된다. 본 시험은 청보리를 생육단계별로 수확한 후 뒷그루로 사료용 옥수수를 파종하는 작부체계에서 조사료 생산성이 최대가 되는 청보리 수확시기와 사일리지 옥수수 파종시기를 구명코자 2009~2010년 충남농업기술원 논 시험포장에서 수행하였다. 청보리는 출수 후 20일에 수확하는 것이 생초수량이 가장 높았으나 건물수량과 TDN 수량은 황숙기에 수확(출수 후 25일경)하는 것이 가장 높았다. 옥수수는 청보리를 출수 25일에 수확한 후 파종하면 건물수량이 적기 파종에 비하여 약 16% 감소하였다. 옥수수 적기 파종에 의한 단작 재배는 청보리 출수 후 25일수확+ 옥수수 파종 작부조합에 비하여 총 생초수량 31%, 총 건물수량 28%, 총 TDN 수량 23% 감소되었다. "청보리+옥수수" 작부조합에서 총 생초수량은 '청보리 출수 후 15일 수확 ${\rightarrow}$ 옥수수 파종'이 가장 높았으나, 총 건물 수량과 TDN 수량은 "청보리 출수 후 25일 수확${\rightarrow}$사일리지 옥수수 파종"이 가장 높았으며, 이 때 청보리 생육단계는 황숙기이었고, 수분함량이 사일리지 제조에 가장 알맞은 시기이었다. 청보리를 황숙기 이후에 수확하면 옥수수의 수량이 급격히 감소되어 조사료의 총 생초수량과 TDN 수량이 크게 감소되므로 청보리를 황숙기 이전에 수확하고 옥수수를 가급적 빨리 파종할 필요가 있다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.291-298
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• 1996

This study was carried out at Crop Experiment Station in 1993 and 1994. The objective of this study was finding out variation of growth and yield of corn according to maturity. Hybrids of corn used in this study were early maturing corn Comet80, Elite90, Royaldent IOOT, Royaldent T$\times$llO, P3525, P3394, medium maturing corn Royaldent 120T. and late maturing corn Jungbuok, P3144W. G4743. Stalk height, leaf number, ear weight, stover weight, and TDN yield of early maturing corn were linearly increased with prolonged maturity in 1993 growing season. Leaf number, and stover weight of early and late maturing corn were linearly increased with prolonged maturity in 1994 growing season. But ear weight of late manuring corn was not increased as much as that of early manuring corn with prolonged maturity. Increase of total DM and TDN yield of late maturing corn was due to stover weight increase compared with ear weight increase of early maturing corn. Leaf number and stover weight were highly correlated with silk (Growing Degree Days) GDD.