• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.67-76
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• 2005

In this paper, An analysis on the intelligence system for a biped walking robot(BWR) was made and its results were applied to the BWR. Various sensors were applied to the developed BWR for autonomous and intelligent walk in unknown environments. To measure the distance between the object and BWR, ultrasonic sensor and infrared-rays sensor were used. To identity surrounding environments, vision system was used. Gyro sensor was used to control the posture of BWR. Also, piezoelectricity sensor was used to identity the pressure of foot landing on the surface. Sensors applied to the robot have measurement errors according to noises or walking environments. To improve the function of these sensors, influences of noise or sensing errors were minimized using a sensor fusion scheme. A gait test using the sensor fusion system was performed, and its results are presented.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2005년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1272-1277
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• 2005

In this study, we wolud be developed the fuzzy controlled PGO that controlled the flexion and the extension of each PGO's joint using the bio-signal and FSR sensor. The PGO driving system is to couple the right and left sides of the orthosis by specially designed hip joints and pelvic section. This driving system consists of the orthosis, sensor, control system. An air supply system of muscle is composed of an air compressor, 2-way solenoid valve(MAC, USA), accumulator, pressure sensor. Role of this system provide air muscle with the compressed air at hip joint constantly. According to output signal of EMG sensor and foot sensor, air muscles and assists the flexion of hip joint during PGO gait.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.161-173
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• 2005

Recently among several tennis techniques forehand stroke has been greatly changed in the aspect of spin, grip and stance. The most fundamental factor among the three factors is the stance which consists of open, square and closed stance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relations between the segments of the body, the three dimensional anatomical angle according to open stance patterns during forehand stroke in tennis. For the movement analysis three dimensional cinematographical method(APAS) was used and for the calculation of the kinematic variables a self developed program was used with the LabVlEW 6.1 graphical programming(Johnson, 1999) program. By using Eular's equations the three dimensional anatomical Cardan angles of the joint and racket head angle were defined 1. In three dimensional maximum linear velocity of racket head the X axis showed $11.41{\pm}5.27m/s$ at impact, not the Y axis(horizontal direction) and the z axis(vertical direction) maximum linear velocity of racket head did not show at impact but after impact this will resulted influence upon hitting ball It could be suggest that Y axis velocity of racket head influence on ball direction and z axis velocity influence on ball spin after impact. the stance distance between right foot and left foot was mean $74.2{\pm}11.2m$. 2. The three dimensional anatomical angular displacement of shoulder joint showed most important role in forehand stroke. and is followed by wrist joints, in addition the movement of elbow joints showed least to the stroke. The three dimensional anatomical angular displacement of racket increased flexion/abduction angle until the impact. after impact, The angular displacement of racket changed motion direction as extension/adduction. 3. The three dimensional anatomical angular displacement of trunk in flexion-extension showed extension all around the forehand stroke. The angular displacement of trunk in adduction-abduction showed abduction at the backswing top and adduction around impact. while there is no significant internal-external rotation 4. The three dimensional anatomical angular displacement of hip joint and knee joint increased extension angle after minimum of knee joint angle in the forehand stroke, The three dimensional anatomical angular displacement of ankle joint showed plantar flexion, internal rotation and eversion in forehand stroke. it could be suggest that the plantar pressure of open stance during forehand stroke would be distributed more largely to the fore foot. and lateral side.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2017

발 질환으로 어려움을 겪는 환자들이 증가하면서 이에 대응할 수 있는 교정용 인솔에 대한 연구가 점점 요구되고 있다. 이에 따라 본 논문에서는 형상기억합금의 특성 중 하나인 초탄성 효과를 이용하여 평발교정용 인솔 설계에 관한 연구를 진행하였다. 신발에 인솔을 부착하는 방식을 도입하여 설치된 인솔이 발 구조 중 가장 중요한 근육인 족저근막을 자극할 수 있도록 유도하였다. 족저근막에서 인솔에 의해 유발되는 접촉압을 유한요소법으로 예측하는 방법을 통해 교정 효과를 기대할 수 있는 평발교정용 인솔을 설계하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 인솔의 형상을 결정하는 설계 인자로 세 가지 즉, 인솔의 두께, 최고높이, 앞뒤의 비대칭률을 채택하였다. 세 가지 설계 인자의 영향도를 평가하기 위해 다구찌 최적화 기법을 도입하여 각 인자 간 조합에 따른 족저근막에서의 최대 접촉압을 계산하고 이를 분석하였다. 분석 결과 접촉압을 결정하는데 영향을 많이 주는 설계인자를 순서대로 나열하면 최고높이, 두께, 비대칭률의 순으로 나타났다. 또한, 접촉압을 실제 사람이 느낄 수 있는 인지압으로 변환한 후 교정 효과를 기대할 수 있으면서도 족저근막에 무리를 주지 않는 안전 교정 범위를 설정하였다. 이를 통해 안전 교정 범위에 드는 가장 좋은 설계안을 제안하였다. 본 연구를 통해 확립한 중요인자를 고려한 설계방법은 향후 개인별 맞춤형 교정 인솔을 설계하는 기반이 될 수 있다.

• 가정간호학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.206-215
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• 2015

Purpose: This study aimed to provide basic data to enhance self-nursing ability by investigating the symptoms of autonomic neuropathy and self-management activities in patients with diabetes accompanying hypertension. Methods: Subjects were 113 type-2 diabetic patients who were diagnosed as hypertensive in two primary medical institutions and taking anti-hypertensive treatments. The existence of postural hypotension was evaluated by blood pressure and pulse rate, and the subjective symptoms of autonomic neuropathy and self-management activities were checked by structured questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed by chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, t-test, Wilcoxon rank sum test and analysis of covariance. Results: Postural hypotension occurred in 4.4% of the subjects. Urinary frequency and dizziness during postural changes were the most frequent symptoms of autonomic neuropathy, and 57.5% of the subjects complained of symptoms in two or more domains. The group with autonomic neuropathy symptoms showed higher age, higher living stress, and fewer self-management activities in the diet and foot management domains as compared to the group without autonomic neuropathy symptoms. Conclusion: From these results, we learned that strengthening education on self-management for diet and foot management and customized interventions considering age and living stress are required through early identification of the symptoms of autonomic neuropathy in patients with diabetes accompanying hypertension.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.489-503
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• 2019

This study aimed to analyze the preference of subfertile women for forest therapy programs depending on their emotional characteristics, and to provide basic data for the development of forest therapy programs in order to promote the mental health of subfertile women. Among the surveyed emotional characteristics of subfertile women, the level of emotions including pressure to become pregnant, impatience and frustration were high, while that of emotions including anxiety and fear; depression, hopelessness, helplessness, loneliness and sadness tended to be medium. The level of emotions including shame and guilt tended to be low. The top six forest therapy programs preferred by subfertile women include a deep breath of air /phytoncide, forest bathing/wind bathing/sun bathing, self-esteem recovery program, eating organic foods, low body bathing/foot bathing/hot spring bathing, and breathing/breathing exercises. Subfertile women highly pressured to become pregnant showed significant differences in the preference of the self-esteem recovery program, Domar 's relaxation therapy, NLP therapy, and sleeping in the woods, while women with anxiety and fear showed significant differences in the preference of walking barefoot in forests, mountain walking in silence, listening to water sounds/ hand and foot soak, self-esteem recovery program, NLP therapy, cognitive behavior therapy, aroma therapy, integrated art therapy in forests, forest bathing/wind bathing/sunbathing, a deep breath of air/phytoncide, and observing stars. Women with depression, hopelessness, helplessness, loneliness, and sadness showed significant differences in eating organic foods, self-esteem recovery program, counseling/coaching, and cognitive behavior therapy. The significance of this study was to analyze the preference of subfertile women, as subjects, for forest therapy program. The results of this study are expected to be used as basis data for developing forest therapy programs for subfertile women.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.401-406
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• 2015

In this study, the gait imbalance evaluation algorithm based on two axes angle using encoder is proposed. This experiment was carried out to experiment with a healthy adult male to 10 people. The device is attached to the hip and knee joint in order to measure the angle during the gait. Normal and imbalance gait angle data were measured using an encoder attached to the hip and knee joints. Also, in order to verify the reliability of estimation of asymmetrical gait using hip and knee angle, it was compared with the result of asymmetrical gait estimation using foot pressure. SI (Symmetry Index) was used as an index for determining the gait imbalance. As a result, normal gait and 1.5cm imbalance gait were evaluation as normal gait through SI using an encoder. And imbalance gait of 3cm, 4cm, and 6cm were judge by imbalance gait. Whereas all gait experiments except normal gait were evaluation as imbalance gait through SI using the pressure. It was possible to determine both the normal gait and imbalance gait through measurement for the angle and the pressure.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.315-324
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• 2014

PURPOSE: This study aimed to determine the correlation of weight bearing ability at the affected side with balance and gait abilities for the development of pressure biofeedback based equipment to stroke patients. METHODS: This study included 35 patients with stroke patient. The tests were conducted to determine the weight bearing ratio while pushing a step forward the affected side, static balance ability using the total length of COP(Center of pressure), sway velocity of COP, COP velocity at the X and Y axis. Functional reaching test (FRT), berg balance scale (BBS) were used to assess the dynamic balance ability and timed up and go test (TUG), 10m walk test (10mWT) were used assess the gait ability respectively. In order to determine the correlation between measured variables, bivariate correlation analysis was conducted. RESULTS: A significant correlation of the weight bearing ratio were shown with COP total length and velocity(r=-.34), Y-axis velocity(r=-.39), FRT(r=.42), BBS(r=.54), TUG (r=-.39), and 10m walking test (r=-.42). CONCLUSION: This study result showed that as patients with stroke had more weight bearing ratio at the affected side, not only their static and dynamic balance abilities increased more but also functional gait ability improved more. These results mean that, to improve stroke patients' static, dynamic balance ability and gait ability, weight bearing training with the affected side foot placed one step forward necessary for gaits are important.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.45-56
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• 2010

Polymer composite materials offer high strength and stiffness to weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and total life cost reductions that appeal to the marine industry. The advantages of composite construction have led to their incorporation in U.S. yacht hull structures over 46 meters (150 feet) in length. In order to construct even larger hull structures, higher quality composites with lower cost production techniques need to be developed. In this study, the effect of composite hull fabrication processes on mechanical properties of glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) composites is presented. Fabrication techniques investigated during this study are hand lay-up (HL), vacuum infusion (VI), and hybrid (HL+VI) processes. Mechanical property testing includes: tensile, compressive, and ignition loss sample analysis. Results demonstrate that the vacuum pressure implemented dining composite fabrication has an effect on mechanical properties. The VI processed GFRP yields improved mechanical properties in tension/compression strengths and tensile modulus. The hybrid GFRP composites, however, failed in a sequential manor, due to dissimilar failure modes in the HL and VI processed sides. Fractography analysis was conducted to validate the mechanical property testing results.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.47-54
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• 2012

The steady three-dimensional numerical analysis on the thermal flow using standard k-${\varepsilon}$ turbulence model was carried out to investigate the air cooling effect of a cooler on the cabin for a commercial vehicle. Here, the heat exchanging method of this cabin cooler uses the cooling effect of a thermoelectric module. In consequence, the air system resistance of a cooler within the cabin is about 12.1 Pa as a static pressure, and then the operating point of a virtual cross-flow fan considering in this study is formed in the comparatively low flowrate region. The discharging air temperature of a cooler is about $14{\sim}15^{\circ}C$. Moreover, the air cooling temperature difference obtained under the outdoor cabin temperature of $40^{\circ}C$ shows about $7{\sim}9^{\circ}C$ in a driver resting space and about $9{\sim}14^{\circ}C$ in the front of a driver's seat including the space of a driver's foot.