• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.484-494
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• 2002

This study was conducted to validate the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire that was developed to assess the intakes of fatty acids, as well as energy, carbohydrates, fat, protein, minerals and vitamins in Korean adults. The validity of the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was tested on 78 subjects (31 men,47 women) aged 34 to 66 years. The semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire included 93 food items and was validated on two 3-day dietary records. The mean intakes and the Spearman Correlation Coefficients between the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and the two 3-day dietary records were analyzed for each nutrient and food group level. The mean nutrient intakes obtained from the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire were estimated to be greater than those of the two 3-day dietary records. The Spearman Correlation Coefficients between the energy-adjusted nutrient intakes from the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and the two 3-day dietary records ranged from 0.24 for polyunsaturated fatty acids to 0.55 for fat in men and from 0.29 for polyunsaturated fatty acids to 0.55 for saturated fatty acids in women, respectively. The Spearman Correlation Coefficients for food intake ranged from 0.11 for teas and beverages to 0.58 for grains and their products in men,-0.04 for potatoes and starches to 0.73 for milk and dairy products in women. Foods consumed regularly had lower intra-person variation and tended to have higher observed correlation coefficients. These results indicate that the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire is a useful tool for estimating nutrient intakes, particularly of total fat and saturated fatty acid intakes.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.69-77
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was to find out the relationships among the eating behavior, the nutrition knowledge & the physical growth, and factors influencing each of them in middle school students. Eight hundred three boys and girls, who were sampled from the third graders of 6 middle schools located in Taejeon and Ahnmyeondo, were asked to fill out the questionaire. The statistics used for data analysis were Frequency, Percentage, Oneway, Crosstabs, Chi-square($X^2$), t-test, Pearson Correlation, Regression, and Path analyses. The results are summarized as follows: I. The asked students showed the significant difference in frequency intaking food and the eating attitude depending on sexual distinction and area. The girls got higher frequency score(intaking food) than the boys did and the students in Taejeon got better eating attitude score than those in Ahnmyeondo. Also, the girls got higher nutrition knowledge score than the boys did and the students in Taejeon got higher nutrition knowledge than those in Ahnmyeondo. 2. The higher the economic level was, the higher the frequency score(intaking food) was. Also, the students whose father had the occupation involved in the tertiary industry and better school ing made higher nutrition knowledge, eating attitude, and frequency intaking food than others. The students whose father had the occupation involved in the tertiary industry and better schooling were taller and heavier than others. 3. The variables influencing on the frequency intaking food were father's school ing, father's occupation, economic level, sexual distinction, eating attitude. The variables influencing on eating attitude significantly was only the birth order. The variables influencing on the height were sexual distinction, residential area, eating attitude, frequency intaking food, father's schooling. Also, the variables affecting the weight were sexual distinction, father's schooling, eating attitude, frequency intaking food.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.410-419
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• 2008

The objective of this study was to investigate the consumption pattern of snacks-containing trans-fatty acid in adolescents living in the Kwang-ju area of Korea, and to analyze the relevance toward their eating behaviors, body composition, nutrient intakes, and consumption frequency of snacks-containing trans fatty acid. A survey questionnaire was developed in order to investigate general environmental factors, eating behavior, nutritional knowledge, and the consumption frequency of snacks-containing trans fatty acid. A total of 312 middle school students were surveyed. The collection rate was 97% and ultimately 282 cases were analyzed. Anthropometric measurements, body composition data, and nutrient intakes were also collected. The consumption frequencies for snacks-containing trans-fatty acid were negatively correlated with food behavior scores (p<0.01) however, pocket money and snack intake frequency per day were positively correlated with consumption frequency. Also, snack consumption frequency had some correlation with the subjects' anthropometric measurements and body composition data such as total body water (p<0.01), body protein (p<0.01), body minerals (p<0.01), and skeletal muscle mass (p<0.01). Finally, the consumption frequency of snacks-containing trans fatty acid was significantly correlated with calcium intake (p<0.05), it also showed correlations with vitamin A, retinol, ${\beta}-carotene$, and folic acid intake, although statistical significance was not verified.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.751-758
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• 2013

본 논문에서 공복혈당장애군의 식품섭취빈도와 당뇨병군의 식품섭취빈도를 대조군과 Pearson 상관계수 산출방법을 통해 두 가지의 식품섭취빈도에서의 상관관계에 따른 공복혈당장애 유병율과 당뇨병 유병율 수치를 분석함으로써 특정 질병군과 유사한 식품섭취빈도가 유병율에 미치는 영향을 보고자 하였다. "국민건강영양조사"의 제 4기(2007-2009) 자료를 이용하여 공복혈당장애군의 식품섭취빈도 평균과 당뇨병군의 식품섭취빈도 평균을 산출하여 30-59세 대상자들과의 상관관계 비교 후 유사도 집단별 공복혈당장애와 당뇨병 유병율을 산출하였다. 또한 집단별 식품섭취빈도 평균차를 통해 식품섭취빈도 유사도 집단별 다빈도 섭취식품을 분석하였다. 공복혈당장애군과 유사한 식품섭취빈도군은 공복혈당장애는 유의하지 않았으나 당뇨병 유병율에서는 가장 유사한 집단이 가장 비유사한 집단에 비해 높은 유병율이 산출되었다. 당뇨병군에서 역시 공복혈당장애의 유병율은 유의하지 않았으나, 당뇨병 유병율에서는 유의한 결과를 산출하였다. 본 논문의 분석방법을 통해 국가표본조사 데이터를 이용하여 특정 질병을 가진 집단의 식품섭취빈도와 유사할 경우 특정 질병의 유병율의 경향을 보임으로써 식품섭취의 관계 연구에 기여할 수 있다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.239-248
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• 2007

Objectives : This study was conducted to investigate the systematic error, such as seasonal change or inadequate food items, in a food frequency questionnaire administered to workers in a Nuclear Power Plant, Korea. Methods : We performed three repeat-tests with 28 subjects on May 13, July 8 and Dec 16, 1992. Our food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) comprised 84 foods organized into 7 food-groups, and was composed of the items of usual intake frequency (8 categories) and the amount per intake (3 or 4 categories) over the previous year. We compared the means of intake frequency and the frequency of the portion-size according to each season using Repeated Measures ANOVA and Pearson's chisquare test with Fisher's exact test. Results : We found the significant seasonal changes of several food items in intake frequency measurement. These items were typical seasonal foods such as mandarin orange, plum and green vegetables, while the single questions consisted of inadequate food items such as thick beef or similar soup and various kimchi products. Significant seasonal changes in portion-size were found in only two items: cooked rice-brown and fresh frozen fishes. Conclusions : The systematic errors observed could caused loss of validity in the FFQ. Consideration should be given for seasonal variation in FFQ survey and methodological concerns are needed to improve the quality for measuring usual diet pattern.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.453-463
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• 2004

In order to investigate food purchase frequency of elementary school children and its related ecological factors, 431 4th, 5th and 6th grade elementary school children and their mothers, living in Seoul and Daejon, small city and rural area of Chungnam Province, were participated in this study. The subjects and their parents were surveyed by a self-recording questionnaire about food purchase frequency and some ecological factors. Average height and weight of the subjects by gender and grade were similar to or a little bit more than the 1998 Korean Growth Standard. According to relative body weight, 30.6% and 10.8% of the subjects belonged to under-weight and obesity categories, respectively. Of the subjects, 46.9% used PC telecommunication or internet, 53.8% of them used it for less than an hour per day, and 46.4% watched TV for 2 to 4 hours a day. About 42% of the subjects spent 500 Won or less daily to buy snacks. A half of the subjects took snacks once a day because of hunger. Mothers' nutrition knowledge score was averagely 8.16 out of 13 full score and the average attitude score was 43.22 out of 50 full score. Foods purchased more than once a week were milk and yoghurt, cookies, ice-cream, ramyun, and gum in order. Family income, parents' education level, mothers' nutrition knowledge and food attitude score, students' snacking frequency and TV watching time showed significant correlations with purchase frequencies of some individual food items. In conclusion, the elementary school children considered taste most important rather than nutrition in buying snacks and most frequently bought carbohydrate foods and concentrated sugars except milk. Ecological factors such as mothers' nutritional knowledge and food attitude, TV watching time and snacking frequency had influenced the children's food purchase frequency. Accordingly, it is necessary to educate both children and their mothers about good food purchase and the importance of snacking.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.275-282
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• 2008

In this study, the soy food intake behaviors including perception and intake frequency of soybean foods by sociodemographic variables were analyzed in housewives. The perception of housewives for soy foods showed that soybean paste, soybean curd, and Dambuk were high in the descending order for nutritional quality and health promotion effect, and soybean paste received the highest score in taste and flavor. Soybean sprouts received the highest evaluation score in the economic aspect. In the aspect of safe food, soybean paste received the highest evaluation score, as mush as a traditional food. The analysis of perception by sociodemographic variables showed that soybean curd, Dambuk, and soybean sprouts had higher perceptions as education level increased, and soy milk had higher perceptions in subjects with younger age and with employment. In the intake frequency, more than 50% of the subjects had soybean curd, soybean sprouts, and soybean paste more than once a week. The analysis for correlation between the intake frequency of soy foods and the degree of perception showed that taste and flavor had high correlation with the intake frequency of soy foods except soybean sprouts. The intake frequency of soybean paste, Dambuk, and soy milk had positive correlations to familiarity and that of soy milk had positive correlations to nutrition and health perception, and those of soybeam paste, soybean sprouts, and soy milk had positive correlations to safe food perception. From the above results, housewives in Korea had very high perceptions to nutritional quality and health promotion effect of soy foods and the degree of perception and accompanied intake frequency had significant differences by age, education level, and economic level among sociodemographic variables.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제22권6호통권96호
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• pp.840-848
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• 2006

To analyse the impact of recognition for local food on frequency of visiting for local food restaurants, we surveyed 333 residents in the Kyungsangdo areas. The findings are summarized as follows. On interest of native foods, 'much' scored 40.6% and 'taste' scored 32.9%, in requirement of development. The criteria of selection of local foods was 62.3% in 'taste'. 'Institute(municipal government)' scored 31.3% as the main responsible body for the succession of local foods. The most significant criterion for tourism product of local foods was 'taste'(34.5%). The most effective way to popularize the local foods was to 'hold various kinds of cultural events'(27.5%). The necessity score on tourism product of local foods was 3.55 points. The highest recognition on native local foods was 'succession to next generation'(3.96 points). The most influential variable affecting the visit frequency toward local food restaurants was 'health factor'.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.95-107
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• 1999

Difficulties in the measuring home food production activities obstructs development of home production activity related studies. For solving such problems, this study intended to develope a home food production frequency scale. The data were collected from 219 housewives in Taejon. Validity, reliability, correlation, and multiple regression analysis were used to test home food production frequency scale. The scale's validity and reliability were reveled considerable potential for its use to ascertain relationships between home food production activity and other family variables.

• 한국가정과학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.45-56
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to compare nutrient intake and food consumption by food frequency according to the obesity index of women college student in Kunsan. The subjects were 251 women college students who were randomly selected from Kunsan national university. Subjects were assigned to one of the following group based on BMI : underweight, normal weight and overweight. Nutrient intake and food consumption by food frequency were evaluated based on questionnaires and 24 hour recall method. The results were as follows. %RDA of calcium, iron and zinc of obese group were more than the underweight group(p＜0.05). %Fat was significantly correlated with the daily intakes of protein and vitamin E(p＜0.05). %Fat was significantly correlated with %RDA of energy, protein, vitamin E, vitamin B$_{6}$. RBW was significantly correlated with %RDA of iron. BMI was significantly correlated with %RDA of energy, calcium, phosphorus. The foods frequently consumed among students were cooked rice and gimchi. The frequencies of fish and mushroom were correlated with food behavior scores(p＜0.01). The frequencies of carbonated beverage(p＜0.01), hamburger & piazza, deep fried foods(p＜0.01), soybean curd fried fish cake(p(0.05) were correlated with nutritional knowledge scores.