• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.237-259
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• 2014

Wind-induced failure around screwed connections has been documented in roof and wall cladding systems made with steel sheet cold-formed panels during high wind events. Previous research has found that low cycle fatigue caused by stress concentration and fluctuating wind loads is responsible for most such failures. A dynamic load protocol was employed in this work to represent fatigue under wind effects. A finite element model and fatigue criteria were implemented and compared with laboratory experiments in order to predict the fatigue failure associated with fluctuating wind loads. Results are used to develop an analytical model which can be employed for the fatigue analysis of steel cold-formed cladding systems. Existing three dimensional fatigue criteria are implemented and correlated with fatigue damage observed on steel claddings. Parametric studies are used to formulate suitable yet simple fatigue criteria. Fatigue failure is predicted in different configurations of loads, types of connections, and thicknesses of steel folded plate cladding. The analytical model, which correlated with experimental results reported in a companion paper, was validated for the fatigue life prediction and failure mechanism of different connection types and thicknesses of cold-formed steel cladding.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.47-56
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• 2014

This paper investigates the characteristics of unstable behaviour and critical buckling load by joint rigidity of framed large spatial structures which are sensitive to initial conditions. To distinguish the stable from the unstable, a singular point on equilibrium path and a critical buckling level are computed by the eigenvalues and determinants of the tangential stiffness matrix. For the case study, a two-free node example and a folded plate typed long span example with 325 nodes are adopted, and these adopted examples' nonlinear analysis and unstable characteristics are analyzed. The numerical results in the case of the two-free node example indicate that as the influence of snap-through is bigger; that of bifurcation buckling is lower than that of the joint rigidity as the influence of snap-through is lower. Besides, when the rigidity decreases, the critical buckling load ratio increases. These results are similar to those of the folded-typed long span example. When the buckling load ratio is 0.6 or less, the rigidity greatly increases.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.481-492
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• 2018

The steel-plate concrete composite beam is composed of a steel plate, concrete and shear connector to combine two inhomogeneous materials. In general, the steel plate is assembled by welding an existing composite beam. In this study, the SPC beam was composed of folding steel plates and concrete, without a headed stud. The folding steel plate was assembled by a high strength bolt instead of welding. To improve the workability in a field construction, a hat-shaped cap was attached to the junction with a slab. Monotonic load testing under two points was conducted under displacement control mode to analyze the flexural strength of the SPC beam using a cap as the shear connector. Five specimens with shear connector types, protrusion length, and different thickness of steel plates were constructed and tested. The experimental results were analyzed through the relationship between the shear strength ratio and flexural strength in KBC 2009. The test results showed a shear strength ratio of more than 40 %. In the case of using a cap-like specimen as the shear connector, the flexural strength was 70% of the value calculated as a fully composite beam. In addition, the cap showed a smaller shear strength than the stud, but the cap served as a shear connection. When the thickness of the steel plate was taken as a variable, the steel plate exhibited a bending strength of approximately 70% compared to a fully formed steel plate, and exhibited similar deformation performance. Local buckling occurred due to incomplete composite behavior, but local buckling occurred at a 5% higher strength for a relatively thick steel plate. The buckling width also decreased by 15%.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society For Composite Materials Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.101-104
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• 2002

Almost all buildings/infrastructures made of composite materials are fabricated without proper design. Unlike airplane or automobile parts, prototype test is impossible. One cannot destroy 10 story buildings or 100-meter long bridges. People try to build 100-story buildings or several thousand meter long bridges. In order to realize "composites in construction", the following subjects must be studied in detail, for his design. Concept optimization, Simple method of analysis, Folded plate theory, Size effects in failure, and Critical frequency. Unlike the design procedure with conventional materials, his design should include material design, selection of manufacturing methods, and quality control methods, in addition to the fabrication method. In this paper size/scale effects in failure criteria is briefly explained for practicing engineers.engineers.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.141-146
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• 2000

We introduce the algorithms of 3-D position estimation using a laser sensor for automatic die remodeling. First, a vision sensor based on the optical triangulation was used to collect the range data of die surface. Second, line vector equations were constructed by the measured range data, and an analytic algorithm was proposed for recognizing the die location with these vector equations. This algorithm could make the transformation matrix without any specific corresponding points. To ascertain this algorithm, folded SUS plate was measured by the laser vision sensor attached to a 3-axis cartesian manipulator and the transformation matrix was calculated.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.13
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• pp.203-215
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• 1997

This Study typed the roof-design in analysis of structural design of the glulam architecture, developed worldwidely, nowaday. For this, it is studied the characters of glulam as the history of glulam architectures, manufacture of glulam, shapes and section of glulam, fireproof and combution of glulam. And it is studied roof-design according to structural type of glulam roof-structure. Conclusively, types of glulam roof design typied as 1)the Simple Beam str., 2)the Multi-Joints continous Beam str. 3)the Hinge str. 4)the Rahmen str. 5)the Archi str. 6)the Grid str. 7)etc str. (Folded-plate str., Radial str., Cylinder Shell str., Ring Dome str., Geodesic Dome str., Conic Coloid Shell str., H.P Shell str. Cantilever Shell str.)

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.239-244
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• 2015

A simple planar heptaband antenna with a coupling feed for 4G mobile applications is proposed. This antenna consists of a folded monopole and a feed strip line on the top plane and an L-shaped line with a coupling plate on the bottom plane. The antenna provides a wide bandwidth to cover the LTE/GSM/UMTS heptaband operation. The measured 6-dB return loss bandwidth is 152 MHz (820-972 MHz) in the lowfrequency band and 1,150 MHz (1,600-2,750 MHz) in the high-frequency band. The overall dimensions of the proposed antenna are $60mm{\times}105mm{\times}1.2mm$.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society For Composite Materials Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.187-189
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• 2003

Almost all building/infrastructures made of composite materials are fabricated without proper design. Unlike airplane or automobile parts, prototype test is impossible. One cannot destroy 10 story buildings or 100-meter long bridges. People try to build 100-story buildings or several thousand meter long bridges. In order to realize "composites in construction", the following subjects must be studied in detail, for his design: Concept optimization, Simple method of analysis, Folded plate theory, Size effects in failure, and Critical frequency. Unlike the design procedure with conventional materials, his design should include material design, selection of manufacturing methods, and quality control methods, in addition to the fabrication method.on method.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.53-61
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• 1993

이 논문은 접은 도체박판의 단순한 구조가 전자유도형 변환기 역할을 한다는 것을 기술하고 있다. Endoh 등은 볼록한 나선코일과 동박판으로 구성된 볼록한 방사면 모양을 한 전자유도형 변환기가 시간적으로 짧은 충격파를 발생할 수 있기 때문에 뚜렷한 초음파 영상을 얻을 목적으로 Eisenmenger에 이어 전자유도형 EMAT를 보고한 바 있다. 여기서는 코일이 없는 EMAT를 소개한다. 이것은 두께 0.05mm, 폭 5cm 길이 임의의 동박판으로 구성되며 동박판은 절연도료를 칠한 종이로 절연되고 접어서 견고하게 밀착시키며, 여러번 접는 경우는 손부채처럼 접는 방향은 교대로 반대방향으로 접는다. 그리고는 엷은 고무판을 표면에 밀착시키고 연변을 실리콘 충전제등으로 고정시키거나, polyester molding을 하여 표면을 concave형으로 하여 완성하였다. 완성된 EMAT들은 수조에서 축전기방전방식으로 실험을 하였으나 EMAT에서 발생되는 으파의 진폭은 접는 회수에 비례하였으녀, 단접형 EMAT보다 다접형 EMAT의 발생음파가 보다 강력하였다. Concave형 EMAT의 음속은 예견한 바와 같이 잘 집속되었다. 그러나 평판형의 경우는 지향성은 100도로서 넓은 지향각을 나타내었다. 2μF, 600Volt의 축전기 방전에 의한 집속형 concave EMAT를 여기시키기 위한 축전기의 용량이 작을수록 대역폭은 더욱 넓었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society For Composite Materials Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.165-168
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• 2003

Almost all buildings/infrastructures made of composite materials are fabricated without proper design. Unlike airplane or automobile parts, prototype test is impossible. One cannot destroy 10 story buildings or 100-meter long bridges. People try to build 100-story buildings or several thousand meter long bridges. In order to realize "composites in construction", the following subjects must be studied in detail, for his design: Concept optimization, Simple method of analysis, Folded plate theory, Size effects in failure, and Critical frequency. Unlike the design procedure with conventional materials, his design should include material design, selection of manufacturing methods, and quality control methods, in addition to the fabrication method.on method.