• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.58-65
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• 1995

In this study an air flow meter was developed for MPI engine using ultrasonic sensors. The major characteristcs of the ultrasonic flow meter are high speed response, flow direction recognition and linear output. The air flow rate measurements were conducted at upstream of the throttle and intake manifold. The characteristics of the ultrasonic flow meter are compared with those of the Bosch hot wire flow meter at both steady and unsteady engine conditions.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.26 no.11
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• pp.1496-1502
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• 2002

An Altitude Engine Test Facility(AETF) was built at the Korea Aerospace Research Institute in October 1999 and has been being operated for altitude testing of gas turbine engines of 3,000 Ibf class or less. The AETF has been calibrated using several engines such as J69 of Teledyne Co. as a facility checkout engine. Uncertainty analyses on the air flow rate and thrust were performed using the test results, according to ASME PTC 19.1-1998. Several modifications on the facility and test method were made in order to improve the measurement uncertainty to a satisfactory level over the whole operating envelop. Spatial distributions of pressure and temperature were measured, sensors were substituted by more accurate ones, inlet duct was modified to refine the flow quality, and pressure control logic was revised to remove the cell pressure fluctuation. As a result, the uncertainty of the air flow measurement was improved by 0.1% over all the test conditions, and the net thrust measurement by up to 3%. The improved measurement uncertainties of air flow and thrust are 0.68～O.73% and 0.4～1.3%, respectively.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.125-131
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• 2002

Respiratory air flow rate is necessarily measured for the pulmonary function evaluation. The currently used devices are exposed to the problems of measurement reliability and cross-patient infection. The present study introduced a new technique which converted the bidirectional air flow rate into averaged dynamic pressure based on the famous Bernoulli's energy conservation principle. Single use plastic sensing element was assembled within the flow tube(mouth piece) made of paper, which was named "functional single use flow tube". Experiment demonstrated only ${\pm}1.5%$ relative error in the standard 3L volume measurement procedure well within the error limit suggested by the American Thoracic Society(ATS). Disposable use design completely eliminated cross-patient infection. The present device is best useful and safe for clinical respiratory air flow measurement such as spirometry.

• The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery
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• v.1 no.1 s.1
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• pp.24-31
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• 1998

Aerodynamic performance tests and flow measurement were carried out for several radial impellers of NACA 65-810 airfoil. The data base obtained are to be used for verifying the methods of flow analysis and CFD codes. The effects of numbers and span of blades on the performances, efficiency and impeller exit flow are investigated in the present study. The flow rate on the performance curve is proportional to the span of the blade for the same value of fan pressure rise. The magnitude of radial velocity component at the impeller exit gradually decreases from the hub to shroud side. The magnitude of tangential velocity component gradually increases from the hub to shroud side. The way of variations of velocity is the same at the diffuser exit, however, becomes more uniform. The pressure rise performance increases with blade number at the small flow coefficients, however, decreases with the number of blade at the large flow coefficients. This shows that flow guidance in important at the low flow rate and the friction becomes significant at the high flow rate.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.1491-1500
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• 1996

Unstable performance deterioration was found on the performance curve of a small propeller fan with a back plate. To investigate this phenomenon and the effects of the back-plate on the performance of the fan, performance tests and flow measurement using 3-hole pitot tube were carried out. Measurements showed that when the flow rate is small, the radial flow dominates, and when the flow rate is large, the axial flow dominates. Performance characteristic of the propeller fan changes from radial to axial type as the flow rate increases. Unstable performance changes are the result of type change of the flow through the fan.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.12a
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• pp.265-271
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• 2000

Orifice meters and turbine meters are frequently used for measuring gas flow in gas industry. However, to insure the accuracy of the measurement, a certain length of the meter run at the upstream of the flow meter is required. The objective of this study is to analyze flow measurement errors of the orifice meter quantitatively for shorter lengths of the meter runs than those suggested in the standard manuals with variation of diameter ratio( $\beta$ ratio) and flow rate and also to analyze flow measurement errors of the turbine meter with and without straightener. The test results showed that the flow measurement errors of the orifice meter were inversely proportional to the diameter ratio. In other words, when the diameter ratio is 0.3 and 0.7, the measurement error is $-7.3\%$ and $-3.5\%$, respectively. the main reason of the measurement error is due to the swirl effect from the configuration of the meter run at the upstream of the flow meter. In case the length of the meter run is shorter than that suggested In the standard, the swirl effect is not removed completely and it affects the flow meter's performance. As mentioned above, the less the pipe diameter ratio, the mon the flow measurement error. It means that the swirl effect on the orifice meter increases as the $\beta$ ratio decreases.

• The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.5-9
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• 2013

An experimental investigation has been carried out in order to evaluate characteristics of wetted-type multi-path ultrasonic flowmeters. The multi-path ultrasonic flowmeters were installed at various entrance and exit locations for several cases of pipe fitting(straight, $90^{\circ}$ double elbow) and valve(gate valve, butterfly valve). We measured the flow-rate at each location. The measurement data of test flowmeter were compared with the measured data of reference flowmeter. The uncertainties of reference flowmeter and test flowmeter are 0.3 %, 0.4 %, respectively. The results demonstrate the effects of flowmeter location as well as the measurement errors in flow rate. The distance between the flow disturbance factor and a flowmeter was an important element of the test.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Visualization
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.26-35
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• 2005

The combination of ultrasound echo images with digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV) method has resulted in a two-dimensional, two-component velocity field measurement technique appropriate for opaque flow conditions including blood flow in clinical applications. Advanced PIV processing algorithms including an iterative scheme and window of offsetting were used to increase spatial resolution. The optimum concentration of the ultrasound contrast agent used for seeding was explored. Velocity validation tests in fully developed laminar pipe flow and pulsatile flow showed good agreement with both optical PIV measurements and the known analytic solution. These studies indicate that echo PIV is a promising technique for the non-invasive measurement of velocity profiles and shear stress.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Pressure Vessels and Piping
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.155-162
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• 2023

In nuclear power plants, the flow rate information is a major indicator of the performance of rotating equipment such as pumps, and is a very important one required for facility operation and maintenance. To measure a flow rate, various types of methods have been developed and used. Among them, the differential pressure type using orifice and the direct doppler type using ultrasonic waves are the most commonly used. However, these flow rate measurement methods have limitations in installation, conditions and status of the measuring part, etc. To solve this problem, we have studied a new technique for measuring flow rate from scratch. In this paper, we have devised a technique to estimate the flow rate using an average moving velocity of large-scale eddy in turbulence that occurs in the piping flow field. The velocity of the large-scale eddy can be measured using the pressure fluctuation signals on the inner surface of the pipe. To estimate the flow rate, at first a cross-correlation function is applied to the two pressure fluctuation signals located at different positions in the down stream for calculating the time delay between the moving eddies. In order to validate the proposed flow rate estimation method, CFD analyses for the internal turbulence flow in pipe are conducted with a fixed flow condition, where the pressure fluctuation signals on the pipe inner surface are simulated. And then the average flow velocity of the large scale eddy is to be estimated. The estimated flow velocity is turned out to be similar to the fixed (known) flow rate.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.104.1-104.1
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• 2004