• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.145-150
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• 2002

A Method to determine Cr(III)ion in aqueous solution by chemiluminescence method using a stopped flow system has been studied. The method is based on the increased chemiluminescence intensity with the addition of Cr(III) to a solution of lucigenin a nd hyrogen peroxide. The effects of pH, injection volumes of reagent and sample, and concentration of lucigenin and hyrogen peroxide on the chemiluminescence intensity have been investigated. The calibration curve for Cr(III) ion was linear over the range from 1.0${\times}$$10^{-6}$ to 1.0${\times}$$10^{-3}$M and the detection limit was 5.2${\times}$$10^{-8}$M under the optimal experimental condition of 437nm, 12.8,and 1.0${\times}$$10^{-6}$ and 2.0M for emission wavelength, pH, and concentration of lucigenin and hyrogen peroxide, respectively.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.1177-1181
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• 2004

The determination of uric acid in urine samples was studied by a chemiluminescence measurement using tris (2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(II)-octylphenylpolyglycolether [Ru$(bpy)_3^{2+}$ -OPE] system. The oxidized uric acid by Ce(IV) excited Ru$(bpy)_3^{2+}$ to emit a chemiluminescence in this system so that the intensity was stoichio-metrically dependent upon the concentration of uric acid. In a reaction cell, a luminescent reagent, oxidant, surfactant and sulfuric acid were flowed into and mixed with a taken sample. Experimental conditions were optimized to obtain the maximum intensity of chemiluminescence. Each reactant solution of more than the following concentration gave a good result: $2\;{\times}\;10^{?4}$ M Ru$(bpy)_3^{2+}$ , 0.01 M Ce(IV), 6% OPE, and 0.33 M $H_2SO_4$. Any interferences were not shown in this process by the investigation of concomitant constitutes such as albumin, creatine, lactic acid, glucose, urea, $Cl^?,\; Mg^{2+},\;Ca^{2+}$ and so on. The linearity of a calibration curve was good with r = 0.998, the relative standard deviation of the slope was 3.3% and the detection limit was 5.6ng/mL. The recoveries of 80 to 91% were obtained from the standard spiked samples. The values were little bit low, but this procedure could be considered to be reliable for the determination of trace uric acid in urine samples.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.186-191
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• 2017

The role of nodal station No. 14v (along the superior mesenteric vein) in lymphadenectomy for distal gastric cancer remains elusive. A 73-year-old woman underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection for gastric cancer, and was referred to our division for additional surgery because of pathologically non-curative resection. A laparoscopic distal gastrectomy with D1+ dissection was performed, with a final diagnosis of pT1bN1M0, Stage IB (2 nodal metastases to No. 6). Four months post-surgery, abdominal computed tomography revealed a 14-mm solitary nodule along the superior mesenteric vein. The lesion was excised and pathologically identified as a lymph node metastasis. Adjuvant chemotherapy with tegafur-gimeracil-oteracil potassium (S-1) was administered for the metastasis. Presently the patient survives without recurrence, 5.5 years after the second operation. Our findings suggest that there is lymphatic flow from the No. 6 to the No. 14v nodal station. Some patients with a No. 6 metastasis may benefit from a No. 14v lymphadenectomy, even in early-staged disease.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.54-61
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• 2003

$SnO_2$ gas sensor for the detection DMMP, simulant of nerve gas was fabricated and its characteristics were examined. Sensing materials were $SnO_2$ added by TEX>$\alpha$-$Al_{2}O_{3}$ with 0∼20wt.% and $In_{2}O_{3}$ with 0∼3wt.% and were physically mixed each material. They were deposited by screen printing method on alumina substrate. The sensor was consisted of sensing electrode with interdigit(IDT) type in front and a heater in back side. Its dimension was 7$\times$10$\times$0.6$\textrm{mm}^2$. Crystallite size 8t phase identification, specific surface area and morphology of fabricated $SnO_2$ powders were analyzed by X-ray diffraction(XRD), surface area analyzer(BET) and by a scanning electron microscope(SEM), respectively. Sensor was measured as flow type and sensor resistance change was monitored as real time using LabVIEW program. The best sensitivities were 75% at adding 4wt.% TEX>$\alpha$-$Al_{2}O_{3}$, operating temperature $300^{\circ}C$ and 87% at adding 2wt.% $In_{2}O_{3}$, operating temperature $350^{\circ}C$ to DMMP 0.5ppm. Response and recovery times were about 1 and 3 min., respectively. Repetition measurement was very good with $\pm$3% in full scale. As a result, operating temperature was lower TEX>$\alpha$-$Al_{2}O_{3}$ than $In_{2}O_{3}$, but sensitivity was higher $In_{2}O_{3}$ than $\alpha$-$Al_{2}O_{3}$.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.213-240
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• 2012

Safety critical systems, real time systems, and event-based systems have a complex set of events and their own interdependency, which makes them difficult to test ma Safety critic Safety critical systems, real time systems, and event-based systems have a complex set of events and their own interdependency, which makes them difficult to test manually. In order to cut down on costs, save time, and increase reliability, the model based testing approach is the best solution. Such an approach does not require applications or codes prior to generating test cases, so it leads to the early detection of faults, which helps in reducing the development time. Several model-based testing approaches have used different UML models but very few works have been reported to show the generation of test cases that use events. Test cases that use events are an apt choice for these types of systems. However, these works have considered events that happen at a user interface level in a system while other events that happen in a system are not considered. Such works have limited applications in testing the GUI of a system. In this paper, a novel model-based testing approach is presented using business events, state events, and control events that have been captured directly from requirement specifications. The proposed approach documents events in event templates and then builds an event-flow model and a fault model for a system. Test coverage criterion and an algorithm are designed using these models to generate event sequence based test scenarios and test cases. Unlike other event based approaches, our approach is able to detect the proposed faults in a system. A prototype tool is developed to automate and evaluate the applicability of the entire process. Results have shown that the proposed approach and supportive tool is able to successfully derive test scenarios and test cases from the requirement specifications of safety critical systems, real time systems, and event based systems.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.52 no.6
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• pp.446-451
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• 2008

A high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode array detector (DAD) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) was established for the simultaneous determination of chlorogenic acid (1), sweroside (2), luteolin-7-O-glucoside (3), (E)-aldosecologanin (4) and 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (5) from Lonicera joponica flower buds. The optimal chromatographic conditions were obtained on an ODS column (5 ${\mu}m$, 4.6${\times}$150 mm) with the column temperature $25^{\circ}C$. The mobile phase was composed of (A) water with 0.1% formic acid and (B) acetonitrile with 0.1% formic acid using a gradient elution, the flow rate was 0.3 ml/min. Detection wavelength was set at 250 nm. All calibration curves showed good linear regression ($r^2$>0.994) within test ranges. The developed method provided satisfactory precision and accuracy with overall intra-day and inter-day variations of 0.05${\sim}$1.95% and 0.15${\sim}$2.26%, respectively, and the overall recoveries of 97.71${\sim}$103.65% for the five compounds analyzed. The verified method was successfully applied to quantitative determination of the three types (phenolic compounds, iridoids and flavonoids) of bioactive compounds in 21 commercial L. japonica flower buds samples from different markets in Korea and China. The analytical results demonstrated that the contents of the five analytes vary significantly with sources.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.51-61
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• 2013

Objectives We performed the simultaneous analysis for three compounds in Cheongsimyeonja-tang (CSYJT) and evaluated its anti-obesity effect. Methods The column for separation of three compounds was used Gemini $C_{18}$ column and maintained at $40^{\circ}C$. The mobile phase for gradient elution consisted of two solvent systems. The analysis was carried out at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min with PDA detection at 275 nm. The injection volume was $10{\mu}L$. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were differentiated into adipocytes by adding insulin, dexamethasone and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) for 8 days in the absence or presence of CSYJT. Anti-obesity effects of CSYJT were evaluated by Oil Red O staining, glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) activity, triglyceride contents, and leptin production. Results Calibration curves were acquired with $r^2$ >0.9999. The contents of baicalin, wogonoside and baicalein in CSYJT were 14.54-14.65 mg/g, 5.24-5.27 mg/g and 0.01-0.02 mg/g, respectively. CSYJT showed inhibitory effect on lipid accumulation and GPDH activity in the differentiated 3T3-L1 cells. Furthermore, CSYJT significantly decreased contents of triglyceride and leptin production in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Conclusions These results will be helpful to improve quality control and anti-obesity effect of Taeeumin CSYJT.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.27-32
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• 2008

Objectives : In this paper, we describe that $^1H-NMR$ spectroscopy may be superior to the conventional HPLC for the quantitative analysis of hesperidin from Citrus unshiu. Methods : $^1H-NMR$ spectra (400 MHz) were recorded in $DMSO-d_6$ using a Varian UNITY Inova AS 400 FT NMR spectrometer. One hundred milligram of powdered Citrus unshiu was weighed out and mixed with 1 ml of $DMSO-d_6$ with sonication for 30 min (room temperature). The extracts were filtrated through a 0.45 ${\mu}m$ PVDF filter and 0.5 ml of filtrated extract used for quantitative $^1H-NMR$ measurement (added 1 mg of dimethyl terephthalate as internal standard). The quantity of hesperidin was calculated by the ratio of the intensity of the compound to the known amount of internal standard. For HPLC analysis, the half gram of plant material was extracted with 60 ml of MeOH for 2 hours. The extracts were made 100 ml volume and analyzed by a Waters HPLC system using a YMC ODS column. The total flow rate was 1.0 ml/min with a sample volume 10 ${\mu}l$ and UV detection at 280nm. Results : The contents of hesperidin in Citrus unshiu was determined $5.33{\pm}0.06$% in the quantitative $^1H-NMR$ method and $5.15{\pm}0.12%$ in HPLC method. Using the quantitative $^1H-NMR$ the contents of hesperidin can be determined in much shorter time than the conventional HPLC measurements. Conclusions : From those results, the advantages of quantitative $^1H-NMR$ analysis are that can be analyzed to identify and quantify, and no reference compounds required for calibration curve. Besides, it allows rapid and simple quantification for hesperidin with an analysis time for only 10 min without any pre-purification steps.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.403-410
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• 2017

In this paper, the fire extinguisher maintenance system using smart NFC communication and the real-time pressure measurement is proposed. The proposed system consists of three steps in the flow of information. The first step is to identify the fire extinguisher through NFC tagging in the fire extinguisher module using the smart device. The fire extinguisher appearance check and the real-time pressure measurement is performed in the second step, and the last step sends the check status information to the management server. In particular, the actual pressure value is calculated based on the angle of the green area and the indicating needle. Some experiments are conducted so as to verify the proposed system, and as a result, the proposed system shows that the administrator can effectively control the status information of fire safety check.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.16-20
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• 1973

The most important thing in locating disturbances in optimal rapid traffic singnal control is to collect information cocerning toraffit flow by means of a detection method. In order to set up an optimal traffic singnal period, the analysis of a delay time phenomena in the signal period must also be considered. In fact, each of the distributed traffic quantities on the road are not similar factors in view of speeds and distances of succeeding cars. The causing factors are analyzed by the method of control engineering analysis, and they are coincident with disturbance. Thus distubances cause errors. Distubances are fuctions of time, and are classified into three conditions: Natural road state and weather are the first. The second is structures and function of vehicles, and the third is inducedbydrivers. This thesis deals with the last two cases except the first one for maximum utilization of the existing road state and weather conditions. The first condition remains constant, and then there exist some relations between vehicles and drivers. In the long run, it can be shown that the scheme for minimizing whole errors in the optimal traffic signal time setting is definitely presented.