• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.17-34
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• 2023

Objectives Few studies to date reviewed herbal medicines prescribed to pediatric patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We aimed to summarize and analyze these herbal medicines. Methods Nine databases were searched for studies published up until November 24, 2020. Nine case reports and one case series involving 17 pediatric patients were included in the study. The clinical symptoms, interventions, outcomes, pattern identification, composition, and frequency of herbal medicine administration were analyzed. Results The symptoms of pediatric patients with COVID-19 treated with herbal medicines were mild or moderate. Herbal medicines have been used to alleviate symptoms, such as fever and cough. No adverse events were reported. All of the patients who received herbal medicines were discharged from the hospital after symptomatic relief. Pattern identification revealed that the lungs were the most affected organs. Epidemic toxins, wind, dampness, and heat were the primary etiological factors. More pediatric patients with COVID-19 were prescribed a combination of herbal and Western medicines than herbal medicines alone. The frequently used herbs include Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Lonicerae Flos, Scutellariae Radix, Armeniacae Semen, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, and Astragali Radix. Conclusions Our review can serve as a reference for the treatment of COVID-19 in children.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.38-50
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• 2017

Objectives : This study was designed to investigate effects of Lonicera Flos Extracts(LFE) on whitening using B16F10 cell lines. Methods : In this experiment, we observed effects of LFE on cell viability, inhibitory effects of melanin synthesis, inhibitory effect on tyrosinase, tyrosinase activity, superoxide dismutase(SOD)-like activity and mRNA expression. Results : In results, more than $2000{\mu}g/ml$ of LFE treated group showed lowered cell viability rates significantly compared to albutin treated group. More than $2000{\mu}g/ml$ of LFE treated groups were lower levels of melanin synthesis. Inhibitory effects of melanin production showed in $1000{\mu}g/ml$ of LFE treated group. $1,000{\mu}g/ml$ of LFE treated group significantly suppressed tyrosinase activities in vitro. LFE and albutin treated group significantly decreased tyrosinase activity compared to non treated group. SOD-like activity of LFE treated group was lower than vitamin C treated group but increased depending on concentration. $500{\mu}g/ml$ of LFE treated group and $1,000{\mu}g/ml$ of LFE treated group was significantly increased. Tyrosinase mRNA expression of ${\alpha}$-MSH and LFE $250{\mu}g/ml$ treated group significantly decreased compared to ${\alpha}$-MSH treated group. Conclusions : These results suggest that LFE can inhibit melanin synthesis through inhibitory action on tyrosinase activity. And LFE suppressed tyrosinase activities B16F10 cells significantly. So I suggest LFE can apply to whitening.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.1 s.29
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• pp.71-95
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• 1995

To be helpful to the treatment of pulmonary cancer with oriental medicine, we got clinical reports together and analyzed the data. The results were obtained as follows: 1. The treating methods could be summarized as three methods that were reinforcing vital energy, eliminating harmful Qi, and reinforcing vital energy with eliminating harmful Qi. The methods of reinforcing vital energy were supplementing Qi & Yin, increasing pahological heat & reinforcing kidney, augmenting Qi & blood, supplementing vital energy and strengthening fundermental energy, reinforcing spleen and increasing Qi, lubricate Yin and lung, and the other methods of eliminating harmful Qi were transforming pathological fluid and softening, clarifying heat and eliminating poison, dipersing lung and softening, toxicding and softening, guiding Qi and activating blood, clarifying heat and dispersing lung, guiding Qi and counteracting stress etc., and the methods of supplementing vital energy with eliminating poison were reinforcing spleen and transforming pathological fluid, increasing Qi and activating blood, supplementing Yin and clarifying heat, reinforcing spleen and dry the dampness, lubricating lung and transforming patholigical fluid and supplementing Qi and activating blood. 2. The oriental prescriptions used for pulmonary cancer were Chunkeum-Weekyungtang & Sohamhwingtang, Jinhayookgunjatang, Hyulboochukeotang, Bokbangkyogonamtang was reported to be effective in the treatment of metastasis. 3. Bokbangshinjingtang and haewool were applied for the complications of pulmonary cancer, Soshihotang for fever, hangamryung for tumor pain. Prunus ansu Komarov, Eriobotrya japonica Lirdley, Pyrrosiae lingua Farwel, Steomon japonica Miguel, Maximowiczia chinensis Ruprecht var, Morus bombycis Koidzumi for cough, Panax Pseudo-ginseng Wall. var, Bletilla striata Reichenbach f., Acacia catechu(兒茶) for hemoptysis, Lonicerae flos, Aspongopus chinensis(九香蟲) for chest pain, Cypsum Fibrosum, Gazella gutturosa, Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, Gypsophila oldhamiana Miquel for fever, Lepidii semen descurainiae semen, Belamcanda chinensis D.C, Gnaphalium affine(佛耳草) for asthma. 4. For the reduction of side effect by chemotherapy and radiotherapy it was known that supplementing Qi was used chiefly for side effect of chemotherapy and augmenting Yin applied to side effect of radiotherapy. 5. The oriental presciptions were suggested for the side effect by chemotherapy and radiotherapy ; Sammaekaek(參麥液), Whaebokwontang(化瘀復元湯), Hwangjungomitang(黃精五味湯), Yukmijihwangtang(六味地黃湯), Hyangsayukgunjatang(香砂六君子湯), Samlyeekulsan for side effect by chemotherapy while Geumgweisingiwhan, Hwanglyentang(黃連湯), Hwanglyenhaedoktang(黃連解毒湯), Yangyeunchungpeitang(養陰淸肺湯), Idongtang(二冬湯), Jayeunkanghwatang(滋陰降火湯) for side effect by radiotherapy.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.537-551
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• 2017

Objectives : Jinnoe-san (JNS) is a novel herbal formula consisting of five oriental medicinal herbs including Polygalae Radix, Prunellae Spica, Perillae Herba, Betulae Cortex, and Lonicerae Flos. In this study, we investigated the effects and molecular mechanism of JNS on Parkinson's disease in vitro model. Methods : The effects of JNS on 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ($MPP^+$)-induced cell death in SH-SY5Y cells were evaluated with a cell viability assay, flow cytometry, and western blots analysis. The effects of JNS on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV2 microglia were determined with a nitric oxide (NO) assay, enzyme linked immunosorbent assays, and western blots analysis. Result : $MPP^+$-induced cell death in SH-SY5Y cells was significantly reduced by JNS pre-treatment in a dose-dependent manner. JNS inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species, mitochondria dysfunction, and apoptosis induced by $MPP^+$ in SH-SY5Y cells. Furthermore, JNS significantly activated Akt and ERK in SH-SY5Y cells and the ability of JNS to prevent mitochondria dysfunction by $MPP^+$ was antagonized by pre-treatment of LY294002 and PD98059, an Akt and ERK inhibitor, respectively. In addition, JNS inhibited LPS-induced NO and $PGE_2$ production as well as iNOS expression and secretion of TNF-${\alpha}$, pro-inflammatory cytokines without affecting the cell viability. JNS also suppressed LPS-induced ERK activation. Conclusions : These results demonstrate that JNS has a protective effect on the dopaminergic neurons against $MPP^+$-induced neurotoxicity and anti-inflammatory effect on the LPS-stimulated microglia. These findings provide evidences for JNS to be considered as a new prescription for treating Parkinson's disease.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.198-203
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• 2012

Chrysin and chlorogenic acid are natural products derived from Scutellariae Radix and Lonicerae Flos, respectively. We examined whether chrysin and chlorogenic acid affect airway mucin production induced by TNF-${\alpha}$ in NCI-H292 cells. Cells were pretreated with each agent for 30 min and then stimulated with TNF-${\alpha}$ for 24 h. Of the two compounds, chrysin suppressed airway MUC5AC mucin production. Also, chrysin suppressed MUC5AC mucin gene expression and translocation of NF-${\kappa}B$ p65 induced by TNF-${\alpha}$. This result suggests that chrysin can regulate the production and gene expression of mucin induced by TNF-${\alpha}$ through the inactivation of NF-${\kappa}B$ in airway epithelial cells.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.55-68
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• 2020

Objectives : We observed the possibilities that blue honeysuckle has favorable analgesic or refinement effects on the Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) in rats. Methods : Estradiol benzoate and oxytocin were used to induce the PD rat model. And Blue honeysuckle concentration lyophilized powders (BH) 500, 250 and 125 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg of Lonicerae Flos aqueous extract lyophilized powders (LF) were orally administered, once a day for 10 days at 30 min after each estradiol benzoate treatment. Then the changes on the body weights and gains during experimental periods, abdominal writhing response for analgesic activities, uterine weights, uterus lipid peroxidation, antioxidant defense system - glutathione contents, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, NF-κB and COX-2 mRNA expressions were monitored with uterus histopathology including immunohistochemistry for tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS).. Results : Inflammatory and oxidative stress mediated PD signs were favorably and dose-dependently inhibited by 10 days continuous oral administration of three different dosages of BH - 500, 250 and 125 mg/kg as comparable to those of indomethacin(IND) 5 mg/kg treated rats in BH 500 mg/kg administered PD rats, and similar to those of LF 500 mg/kg in BH 125 mg/kg, at least in a condition of the present PD rat model. Conclusions : The results suggest that BH has favorable analgesic and refinement activities on the estradiol benzoate and oxytocin treatment-induced PD signs through anti-inflammatory and antioxidative potentials.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.315-335
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• 2002

This study was carried out to prove the effects of CBTLC on the $5{\alpha}$-reductase inhibition, the sterilizing power for Propionibactrium acnes, the cytotoxicity of human monocyte, the inhibition for prosta-glandins($PGE_2$), Interleukins(IL-$1{\beta}$) and TNF-${\alpha}$ in inflammation, and the size of Hamster ear sebaceous gland concerned with Acnes. The result were obtained as follows : 1. On the $5{\alpha}$-reductase inhibition of CBTLC in vitro, An undiluted solution of CBTLC was $71{\%}$ inhibition on $5{\alpha}$-reductase and $\frac{1}{10}$ diluted solution of CBTLC was $20{\%}$ inhibition on $5{\alpha}$-reductase. 2. On the sterilizing power for Propionibactrium acnes concerned in Acnes, an undiluted solution and $\frac{1}{10}$ diluted solution of CBTLC formed 12mm clear zone diameters. 3. CBTLC was showed the cytotoxicity of human monocyte in $0.08{\%}$ and $0.12{\%}$ of CBTLC. 4. $0.01{\%}$ and $0.04{\%}$ of CBTLC inhibited the production of prostaglandins($PGE_2$) in the human monocyte stimulated with P. acnes LPS. 5. $0.08{\%}$ and downward of GMHBS inhibited the production of interleukins(lL-$1{\beta}$) in the human monocyte stimulated with P. acnes LPS. 6. $0.08{\%}$ and $0.12{\%}$ of GMHBS inhihited the production of TNF-${\alpha}$ in the human monocyte stimulated with P. acnes LPS. 7. As the antiandrogenic compound, CBTLC was used in hamster ears with topical application. CBTLC was diminished slightly on the size of hamster ears sebaceous gland.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.51-58
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• 2005

Objectives : The purpose of this research was physiological activities and investigate cytotoxicity of Sunbanghwalmyung-um extract. Methods : Physiological activity and a cytotoxicity were examined through the hot water and ethanol extracts from Sunbanghwalmyung-um and its ingredient. Results : The electron donating ability(EDA) was 66.9%, 71.3% in 1000 ppm water extract and ethanol extract. Above 90% from 1000 ppm ethanol extract showed a higher activities and it is Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, Lonicerae Flos, Gleditsiae Spina, Glycyrrhizae Radix, Myrrh. SOD-like activity was weak as 12.24%, 16.62% in 700 ppm. In water and ethanol extracts cytotoxicity were against G361, B16F10, MDA, A549, high cytotoxity over 70%. Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, Gleditsiae Spina, Trichosanthis Radix, Paeoniae Radix Rubra showed high cytotoxicity in water and ethanol extracts. Conclusions : We observed physiological activities and investigated cytotoxicity of Sunbanghwalmyung-um and its ingredients. The results also demonstrated in food or cosmetic industry.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.77-100
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• 2020

Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate recent clinical studies on the effect of herbal medicine for pediatric tonsillitis in China, and to seek better methods to treat and study for pediatric tonsillitis in Republic of Korea. Methods We searched clinical studies from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) by search formula (SU='扁桃体炎'+'扁桃炎'+'扁桃腺炎'+'乳蛾'+'喉蛾'+'蚕蛾'+'石蛾'+'珠蛾'+'肉蛾'+'乳蛾風'+爛乳風'+'tonsillitis') and (SU='中樂'+'中医樂'+'本草'+'湯'+'丸'+'散'+'方'+'顆粒'+'膠囊'+'自擬'+'herb'+'herbal'+'decoction'+'remedy'+'Chinese medicine'+'Korean medicine'+'kampo'+'formula'+'herbal drug'+'Chinese drug'+'plant'+'Chinese prescription'+'traditional medicine'+'Medicine, East Asian Traditional'+'Herbal Medicine') in professional search from January 2016 to August 2020. We analyzed the literature focusing on the treatment methods and results. Results Among 1464 searched studies, 35 randomized controlled trials were selected and analyzed. In most studies, the effectiveness of oral administration of herbal medicine on pediatric tonsillitis was significant. Most commonly used herbs were Fructus Forsythiae (連翹), Radix Glycyrrhizae (甘草), Radix Scutellariae (黃芩), Herba Menthae (薄荷), Fructus Arctii (牛蒡子), Radix Scrophulariae (玄蔘), Radix Platycodi (桔梗), Flos Lonicerae (金銀花), Radix Isatidis (板藍根), Radix Bupleuri (柴胡), Fructus Gardeniae (梔子), Rhizoma Belamcandae (射干), Radix et Rhizoma Rhei (大黃), Gypsum Fibrosum (石膏). Conclusions By analyzing the improvement of indicators such as total effective rate, cured rate, symptom disappearance time and symptom score, we found that herbal medicine treatment can help improve pediatric tonsillitis. However, additional studies are needed to solidify these findings.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.66-88
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• 2021

Objectives : This study aims to report 3 cases of systemic atopic dermatitis improved by Korean medicine hospitalization care. Methods : Unlike outpatients, inpatients were supervised their lifestyle including dietary habits by physicians every morning and daily treated with acupuncture, herbal medicine including Bangpungtongseongsan-gagam, and Hwangryunhaedok-tang wet dressing therapy during all week. For dressing preparation, Hwangryunhaedok-tang was used to skin lesion except face. Mixed decoction of Lonicerae Flos and Forsythiae Fructus was used to facial lesion. Hwangryunhaedok-tang pharmacopuncture was injected to 2 patients. Western oral medicine and injection such as antihistamine or corticosteroids were prescribed by physician depending on each patient's condition. Symptoms were assessed with SCORAD index, IGA, and taking photos. Results : All patients showed the decrease in SCORAD index, IGA, skin lesion amelioration, and patient-subjective improvement. As time passes, dependence on western treatment also decreased and patients were able to endure pruritus without antihistamine injection during hospitalization. Conclusions : This study suggests that Korean medicine hospitalization care including acupuncture, herbal medicine, external therapy is effective for improving atopic dermatitis through decrease SCORAD index, IGA and ameliorating skin lesion.