• KSBB Journal
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.230-238
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• 2015

Abnormal glycosylation can significantly affect the intrinsic functions (i.e., stability and solubility) of proteins and the extrinsic protein interactions with other biomolecules. For example, recombinant glycoprotein therapeutics needs proper glycosylation for optimal drug efficacy. Therefore, there has been a strong demand for rapid, sensitive and high-through-put glycomics tools for real-time monitoring and fast validation of the biotherapeutics glycosylation. Although liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is one of the most powerful tools for the characterization of glycan structures, it is generally time consuming and requires highly skilled personnel to collect the data and analyze the results. Recently, as an alternative method, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS), which is a fast, robust and easy-to-use instrumentation, has been used for quantitative glycomics with various chemical derivatization techniques. In this review, we highlight the recent advances in MALDI-MS based quantitative glycan analysis according to the chemical derivatization strategies. Moreover, we address the application of MALDI-MS for high-throughput glycan analysis in many fields of clinical and biochemical engineering.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제34권4C호
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• pp.476-483
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• 2009

마이크로파 탐색기를 이용하여 표적을 탐지, 추적하는 경우 하방 표적에 대해서는 지표면에서 반사되는 클러터 신호의 영향을 받는다. HPRF (high pulse repetition frequency) 모드를 사용하는 마이크로파 탐색기에서 부엽클러터 영역에 나타나는 퇴각표적을 탐지하기 위해서는 여러 지형과 상황에 따른 지표면 부엽클러터 전력의 통계적인 특징을 파악하여야 한다. HPRF 모드를 사용하는 탐색기의 항공기 탑재시험에서 지상 클러터의 전력을 측정한 자료를 기반으로, 각 지형과 안테나 시선각 등의 상황에 따라 부엽클러터의 확률분포 특성을 가장 근접하게 표현하는 확률밀도함수를 구하고 그 확률밀도함수의 매개변수를 추정하였다. 확률밀도함수 및 매개변수를 추정한 자료를 이용하여, 퇴각표적을 탐지할 때에 원하는 수준의 표적탐지 오류 확률을 가지는 표적탐지 임계값 설정에 관하여 분석하였다. 본 논문의 지표면 부엽클러터 전력의 확률분포 특성 분석과 표적탐지 임계값 설정에 관한 분석 자료는 표적탐지 방법 개발 및 일정 오경보 처리 등의 다양한 분야에 이용될 수 있다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권7호
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• pp.922-926
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• 2005

The present study was aimed to investigate proteome affected by Panax ginseng extracts in chicken muscles. The whole muscle proteins from chicken fed boiled extracts of 0% (control), 1%, 3%, and 5% Panax ginseng in water were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) gels using immobilized non-linear gradient (pH 3-10) strips. More than 300 protein spots were detected on silver staining gels. Among them, four protein spots were distinctively up-regulated by Panax ginseng treatments and further investigated by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The obtained MS data were searched against SwissProt database using the Mascot search engine. The up-regulated proteins were finally identified as $\alpha$-tropomyosin (2 spots), triosephosphate isomerase, and one unknown protein. Based on the known functions of the identified proteins, they are highly related to muscle development and enhanced immunity in chickens. These proteins can give valuable information of biochemical roles for Panax ginseng in chicken meats.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.243-248
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• 2016

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the kinematical characteristics of somersault with twist in the Lou Yun and Akopian motions and to provide useful information to gymnastic athletes in men's vault. Method: The study subjects were 12 male adult top athletes. After 12 trials (7 Lou Yun and 5 Akopian trials) filmed by using two digital high-speed camcorders set at 90 frames/sec, kinematical data were collected through the direct linear transformation (DLT) method. The mean differences in biomechanical variables were compared during the second flight upward phase. The kinematic characteristics of somersault with twist in the Lou Yun and Akopian motions were identified. Results: In Lou Yun motion, the vertical release velocity through horse breaking was not difficult to obtain, so the athletes had enough time to prepare for the twist. Therefore, the Lou Yun motion has an advantage to make a cat twist in the pike posture. In the Akopian motion, obtaining the horizontal velocity through horse pushing was so easy that the Akopian athletes attained a large angular impulse and angular momentum. Therefore, the Akopian motion has an advantage to making a tilt twist in the body tilting posture. Conclusion: This study suggests that gymnastic athletes should control their body segment movements in order to increase the twisting angular velocity of the whole body, which requires regulation of the longitudinal moment of inertia of the body. Moreover, athletes should prepare for the shoulder and hip twists early in order to make the landing position in advance.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.293-298
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• 2007

Recently, there is a need to produce a large forged part for the flight, shipping, some energies, and military industries, etc. Therefore, an open die forging technique of cast ingots is required to obtain higher quality of large size forged parts. Cogging process is one of the primary stages in many open die forging processes. In the cogging process prior to some open die forging processes, internal cavities have to be eliminated for defect-free. The present work is concerned with the elimination of the internal cavities in large ingots so as to obtain sound products. In this study, hot compression tests were carried out to obtain the flow stress of cast microstructure at different temperature and strain rates. The FEM analysis is performed to investigate the overlap defect of cast ingots during cogging stage. The measured flow stress data were used to simulate the cogging process of cast ingot using the practical material properties. Also the analysis of cavity closure is performed by using the $DEFORM^{TM}-3D$. The calculated results of cavity closure behavior are compared with the measured results before and after cogging, which are scanned by the X-ray scanner. From this result, the criteria for deformation amounts effect on the cavity closure can be investigated by the comparison between practical experiment and numerical analysis.

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.119-125
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• 2013

Since year 2001 to the present time, the aircraft accidents and serious incidents in our country have surpassed 150 occurrences. The Boeing has published the statistical summary of commercial jet airplane accidents annually for the past 10 years on the basis of the occurrence categories defined by the CICTT(CAST/ICAO Common Taxonomy Team), and the number of occurrences is in order of loss of control(LOC-I), controlled flight into terrain(CFIT) and runway excursion (RE). Like the NTSB and the EASA, when fatal and non-fatal accidents are aggregated, though fatality rate is low, abnormal runway contact(ARC), system/component failure(SCF-PP/NP), ground handling(RAMP) rank high in the CICTT occurrence categories. With the less occurrence frequency, it is difficult to statistically analyze the aircraft accidents in our country, thus customarily the accidents and the serious incidents on aggregate are consolidated, and the statistical analysis is performed. This study categorizes the accidents and serious incidents to the domestic transportation aircraft in the past 10 years according to the CICTT occurrence categories, that is compared with foreign practices, and the implications have been discussed. From years 2001 through 2010, the accidents to the domestic transportation aircraft occurred in order of system failure(SCF-NP), ARC and power plant failure(SCF-PP), and when the accidents and the serious incidents are consolidated and analyzed, it is verified that a distribution appears similar to the European accident occurrence categories defined from 300 accident occurrence data.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.446-453
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• 2012

무인기 개발 시 항공전자시스템의 요구도 검증을 위해 통합시험능력을 제공하는 통합시험환경(SIL)을 개발하였다. 개발된 SIL은 유인항공기 SIL이 보유하고 있는 기능들을 기본적으로 제공하며, 각 구성품인 지상제어 모의, 비행체 모의, 비행환경 모의가 폐루프(Closed-Loop)로 연동되는 구조 하에서 시험 데이터의 가시화 및 시험자동화에 중점을 두고 설계되었다. 이로써 무인기의 복잡하고 수많은 요구도가 개발된 SIL을 통해 간편하고 정확하게 검증될 수 있었다. 개발된 SIL은 4단계의 검증과정을 통해 기능 및 성능의 정확성과 신뢰성이 검증되었으며, 무인기 지상체 및 비행체 통합을 위한 체계 SIL에서도 정상 동작함을 확인하였다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.39-49
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• 2018

In the satellite operation phase, a ground station should continuously monitor the status of the satellite and sends out a tasking order, and a satellite should transmit data acquired in the space to the Earth. Therefore, the communication between the satellites and the ground stations is essential. However, a satellite and a ground station located in a specific region on Earth can be connected for a limited time because the satellite is continuously orbiting the Earth, and the communication between satellites and ground stations is only possible on a one-to-one basis. That is, one satellite can not communicate with plural ground stations, and one ground station can communicate with plural satellites concurrently. For such reasons, the efficiency of the communication schedule directly affects the utilization of the satellites. Thus, in this research, considering aforementioned unique situations of spacial communication, the mixed integer programming (MIP) model for the optimal communication planning between multiple satellites and multiple ground stations (MS-MG) is proposed. Furthermore, some numerical experiments are performed to verify and validate the mathematical model. The practical example for them is constructed based on the information of existing satellites and ground stations. The communicable time slots between them were obtained by STK (System Tool Kit), which is a well known professional software for space flight simulation. In the MIP model for the MS-MG problems, the objective function is also considered the minimization of communication cost, and ILOG CPLEX software searches the optimal schedule. Furthermore, it is confirmed that this study can be applied to the location selection of the ground stations.

• 산업융합연구
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2020

최근 원격조종과 자율조종이 가능한 무인항공기(RPAS:Remotely Piloted Aircraft System)가 택배 드론, 소방드론, 구급 드론, 농업용 드론, 예술 드론, 드론 택시 등 각 산업 분야와 공공기관에서의 관심과 활용이 높아지고 있다. 자율조종이 가능한 무인드론의 안정성 문제는 앞으로 드론 산업의 발달과 함께 진화하면서 해결해야 할 가장 큰 과제이기도 하다. 드론은 자율비행제어 시스템이 지정한 경로로 비행하고 목적지에 정확하게 자동 착륙을 수행할 수 있어야 한다. 본 연구는 드론의 센서와 GPS의 위치 정보의 오류를 보완하는 방법으로서 착륙지점 영상을 통해 드론의 도착 여부를 확인하고 정확한 위치에서의 착륙을 제어하는 기법을 제안한다. 서버에서 도착지 영상을 구글맵 API로부터 수신받아 딥러닝으로 학습하고, 드론에 NAVIO2와 라즈베리파이, 카메라를 장착하여 착륙지점의 이미지를 촬영한 다음 이미지를 서버에 전송한다. Deep Learning으로 학습된 결과와 비교하여 임계치에 맞게 드론의 위치를 조정한 후 착륙지점에 자동으로 착륙할 수 있다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.552-562
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• 2020

Background: Ginsenosides are the unique and bioactive components in ginseng. Ginsenosides are affected by the growing environment and conditions. In New Zealand (NZ), Panax ginseng Meyer (P. ginseng) is grown as a secondary crop under a pine tree canopy with an open-field forest environment. There is no thorough analysis reported about NZ-grown ginseng. Methods: Ginsenosides from NZ-grown P. ginseng in different parts (main root, fine root, rhizome, stem, and leaf) with different ages (6, 12, 13, and 14 years) were extracted by ultrasonic extraction and characterized by Liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. Twenty-one ginsenosides in these samples were accurately quantified and relatively quantified with 13 ginsenoside standards. Results: All compounds were separated in 40 min, and a total of 102 ginsenosides were identified by matching MS spectra data with 23 standard references or published known ginsenosides from P. ginseng. The quantitative results showed that the total content of ginsenosides in various parts of P. ginseng varied, which was not obviously dependent on age. In the underground parts, the 13-year-old ginseng root contained more abundant ginsenosides among tested ginseng samples, whereas in the aboveground parts, the greatest amount of ginsenosides was from the 14-year-old sample. In addition, the amount of ginsenosides is higher in the leaf and fine root and much lower in the stem than in the other parts of P. ginseng. Conclusion: This study provides the first-ever comprehensive report on NZ-grown wild simulated P. ginseng.