• Title/Summary/Keyword: Flexible-mask

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A Study on the Change of Masks for Goseong Ogwangdae Play - Before and after the designation of intangible cultural assets- (고성오광대 연희용 탈의 변화 양상)

  • Nam, Jin-A
    • (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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    • no.41
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    • pp.257-284
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    • 2020
  • Goseong Ogwangdae started academic research in the late 1950s and was designated as a national intangible cultural asset in 1964. From the time of the academic survey to the time of designation, it was recorded as using paper masks, but when the recording image was filmed in 1965, it was already changed to wooden masks. In 1960, before being designated as an intangible cultural asset, the number of masks, which was 9 points, gradually increased to 19 points in 1964. It is necessarily included in the leper, Chorani, Malttuki, Cheongbo-Yangyang, Halmi, and Jemilju, but the character of the yangban is not yet clearly differentiated. Hwangbongsa and Sangju appeared as bare faces, and consumption, milling, Cheongbo-Yangyang are used together with Bibi and inspiration. It can be guessed that Bibi was not the appearance of a foreign object with horns as it is now, considering that Bibi and Madangsoi were used together. Since 1965, shortly after the designation, the whole of the Goseong Ogwangdae mask has been changed to a wooden mask. All the characters except for resident, courtyard, and top-of-the-line are wearing masks. Bibi, Hongbaek, and service masks have never appeared until 1964. The Yangban was changed to the closing ceremony with six people in the order of Won-Yangban, Baekje, Heukje, Cheongje, Hongbaek, and Jonggadoryong. Starting in 1969, the mask enters the stable period where the kind is the same as the present. Bibi-Yangban uses both the Won-Yangban and the Jemilju uses the Somu, but all other characters use the individual mask to use a total of 18 masks. The Yangbans are clearly differentiated, and a total of seven Yangban appear. The reason why the change in the type of mask and the expression of material is so large is that the first generation of mask makers died and the tradition of mask production was cut off, but there is also a cause of the extreme change in the environment of the drama that the performers who joined after the designation had to face. Also, it is closely related to the change of the times when the meaning and weight of masking in masking has changed. At that time, the performers were not so tied to the current concept of 'original form' that they preserved the appearance of the designated time. Originally, Goseong Ogwangdae was centered on improvisation dance, not the formalized dance as it is now, and there was a certain fluid aspect in the retelling, so it was flexible in the use of masks even before the designation of cultural assets. Strict rules did not apply in the details, as it was a self-sufficient play by the performers, not an offer event. The form and contents of this fluid play are changed to preparation for the performance while preparing for the folk art contest. As the subject of the contest in self-sufficient play, dance, costumes, and props became more and more colorful as well as dancing, costumes, and props. As a result, participation in the contest brought about changes in the overall performance and changed the mask, which was accepted within the preservation society.

Airway Management with Reinforced Laryngeal in Mask Airway in a Child with Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (좌심실형성부전증후군 환아의 치과치료를 위한 전신마취 시 강화 후두마스크를 이용한 기도 유지)

  • Kim, Kyung Jin;Shin, Teo-Jeon;Hyun, Hong-Keun;Kim, Young-Jae;Kim, Jung-Wook;Jang, Ki-Taeg;Lee, Sang-Hoon;Kim, Chong-Chul;Seo, Kwang-Suk
    • Journal of The Korean Dental Society of Anesthesiology
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    • v.13 no.4
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    • pp.221-224
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    • 2013
  • Despite the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) has been widely used in anesthesia, its use is rare in the field of dentistry. Placing LMA in the oral cavity may interrupt dental treatment. However, there are some circumstances in which LMA is more advantageous than tracheal intubation for managing the airway. Especially, the reinforced LMA has a flexible tube shaft, rendering it more accessible for dental treatment. We report a case of dental treatment of a 3-year-old patient with hypoplastic left heart syndrome combined with pulmonary hypertension using reinforced LMA for airway management under general anesthesia. We also discuss the considerations of utilizing the reinforced LMA for dental treatment.

Virtual Space Persona Expressed in Fashion Illustration (패션 디자인에 나타난 가상공간의 페르소나 표현)

  • Kim, Soon Ja
    • Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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    • v.15 no.5
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    • pp.671-681
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    • 2013
  • Persona means the mask of personality where the internal ego exposes itself to the outside. The complicated structure and diversity of contemporary society has provided men with a more variegated and diversified persona; in addition, advancements in internet and information communications creates the possibility for the emergence of more variegated and new persona. This study probes the persona of virtual space expressed in fashion designs; subsequently, this study reviews the concept and various characteristics of persona and examines the type of persona in the virtual space from the perspective of the manifestation of identity. The type of persona in the virtual space canbe categorized into flexible identity and falsified identity; subsequently, the characteristics and meanings of virtual space persona in fashion designs are analyzed. Flexible identity-oriented personas expressed in fashion designs are revealed through the images of animals or dolls. This is a childlike persona expression that expresses ego through other substances in an effort to express infantile substances such as dreams and fantasy cherished in childhood. Falsified identity-oriented personas are expanded as a realm of expression of the body and the realities are camouflaged as transformed persona. Negating existence itself by covering the eyes or face as well as the concealment of the body with masks or veils is an expression of a self-denying persona.

Accelerating Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting Using Hybrid Deep Learning and Iterative Reconstruction

  • Cao, Peng;Cui, Di;Ming, Yanzhen;Vardhanabhuti, Varut;Lee, Elaine;Hui, Edward
    • Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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    • v.25 no.4
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    • pp.293-299
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    • 2021
  • Purpose: To accelerate magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) by developing a flexible deep learning reconstruction method. Materials and Methods: Synthetic data were used to train a deep learning model. The trained model was then applied to MRF for different organs and diseases. Iterative reconstruction was performed outside the deep learning model, allowing a changeable encoding matrix, i.e., with flexibility of choice for image resolution, radiofrequency coil, k-space trajectory, and undersampling mask. In vivo experiments were performed on normal brain and prostate cancer volunteers to demonstrate the model performance and generalizability. Results: In 400-dynamics brain MRF, direct nonuniform Fourier transform caused a slight increase of random fluctuations on the T2 map. These fluctuations were reduced with the proposed method. In prostate MRF, the proposed method suppressed fluctuations on both T1 and T2 maps. Conclusion: The deep learning and iterative MRF reconstruction method described in this study was flexible with different acquisition settings such as radiofrequency coils. It is generalizable for different in vivo applications.

Rapid Manufacturing of Laser Micro-Patterning Using Fixed Masks (고정 마스크에 의한 레이저 미세패터닝 쾌속 제작)

  • Shin, B.S.;Oh, J.Y.
    • Laser Solutions
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    • v.9 no.1
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    • pp.17-23
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    • 2006
  • The technologies of laser micromachining are changed toward more complex-micropatterning, from the micro circle-shaped hole drilling to the micro arbitrary-shaped hole drilling. In this paper, the fundamental experiments by using DPSS 3rd harmonic $Nd:YVO_4\;laser({\lambda}=355nm)$ were carried out in order to obtain the feasibility of flexible micropatterning by various fixed masks. Fixed masks and Galvano scanners were investigatde to make micro patterns. from these experimental results, micropatterns on PEN film were rapidly manufactured in large area.

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Fabrication of Ultra Low Temperature Poly crystalline Silicon Thin-Film Transistors on a Plastic Substrate (고분자 기판 상에 제작된 극저온 다결정 실리콘 박막 트랜지스터에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Yong-Hoon;Kim, Won-Keun;Moon, Dae-Gyu;Han, Jeong-In
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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    • 2005.07a
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    • pp.445-446
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    • 2005
  • This letter reports the fabrication of polycrystalline silicon thin-film transistors (poly-Si TFT) on flexible plastic substrates using amorphous silicon (a-Si) precursor films by sputter deposition. The a-Si films were deposited with mixture gas of argon and helium to minimize the argon incorporation into the film. The precursor films were then laser crystallized using XeCl excimer laser irradiation and a four-mask-processed poly-Si TFTs were fabricated with fully self-aligned top gate structure.

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Characteristics of low temperature poly-Si thin film transistor using excimer laser annealing (엑시머 레이저를 이용한 저온 다결정 실리콘 박막 트랜지스터의 특성)

  • Kang, Soo-Hee;Kim, Yong-Hoon;Han, Jin-Woo;Seo, Dae-Shik;Han, Jeong-In
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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    • 2006.06a
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    • pp.430-431
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    • 2006
  • This letter reports the fabrication of polycrystalline silicon thin-film transistors (poly-Si TFT) on flexible plastic substrates using amorphous silicon (a-Si) precursor films by sputter deposition. The a-Si films were deposited with mixture gas of argon and helium to minimize the argon incorporation into the film. The precursor films were then laser crystallized using XeCl excimer laser irradiation and a four-mask-processed poly-Si TFTs were fabricated with fully self-aligned top gate structure.

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Flexible Optical Waveguide Film with Embedded Mirrors for Short-distance Optical Interconnection (근거리 광연결용 미러 내장형 연성 광도파로 필름)

  • An, Jong Bae;Lee, Woo-Jin;Hwang, Sung Hwan;Kim, Gye Won;Kim, Myoung Jin;Jung, Eun Joo;Rho, Byung Sup
    • Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.12-16
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    • 2012
  • In the paper, we fabricated a Ni master with $45^{\circ}$-mirror structures for flexible waveguide fabrication. The flexible waveguide films with embedded $45^{\circ}$-angled mirrors at the waveguide ends were successfully fabricated using a UV-imprint process. Next, in order to enhance the reflectivity of the mirrors, Ni(3 nm)-Au(200 nm) bilayers were evaporated on the $45^{\circ}$-angled facets through a locally opened thin mask using an electron beam evaporator. We measured propagation loss, bending loss, mirror loss and bending reliability of the fabricated waveguide.

The Fabrication of OTFT-OLED Array Using Ag-paste for Source and Drain Electrode (Ag 페이스트를 소스와 드레인 전극으로 사용한 OTFT-OLED 어레이 제작)

  • Ryu, Gi-Seong;Kim, Young-Bae;Song, Chung-Kun
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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    • v.45 no.5
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    • pp.12-18
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    • 2008
  • Ag paste was employed for source and drain electrode of OTFTs and for the data metal lines of OTFT-OLED array on PC(polycarbonate) substrate. We tested two kinds of Ag-pastes such as pastes for 325 mesh and 500 mesh screen mask to examine the pattern ability and electrical performance for OTFTs. The minimum feature size was 60 ${\mu}m$ for 325 mesh screen mask and 40 ${\mu}m$ for 500 mesh screen mask. The conductivity was 60 $m{\Omega}/\square$ for 325 mesh and 133.1 $m{\Omega}/\square$ for 500 mesh. For the OTFT performance the mobility was 0.35 $cm^2/V{\cdot}sec$ and 0.12 $cm^2/V{\cdot}sec$, threshold voltage was -4.7 V and 0.9 V, respectively, and on/off current ratio was ${\sim}10^5$, for both screen masks. We applied the 500 mash Ag paste to OTFT-OLED array because of its good patterning property. The pixel was composed of two OTFTs and one capacitor and one OLED in the area of $2mm{\times}2mm$. The panel successfully worked in active mode operation even though there were a few bad pixels.

Low-temperature solution-processed aluminum oxide layers for resistance random access memory on a flexible substrate

  • Sin, Jung-Won;Jo, Won-Ju
    • Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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    • 2016.02a
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    • pp.257-257
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    • 2016
  • 최근에 메모리의 초고속화, 고집적화 및 초절전화가 요구되면서 resistive random access memory (ReRAM), ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM), phase change RAM (PRAM)등과 같은 차세대 메모리 기술이 활발히 연구되고 있다. 다양한 메모리 중에서 특히 resistive random access memory (ReRAM)는 빠른 동작 속도, 낮은 동작 전압, 대용량화와 비휘발성 등의 장점을 가진다. ReRAM 소자는 절연막의 저항 스위칭(resistance switching) 현상을 이용하여 동작하기 때문에 SiOx, AlOx, TaOx, ZrOx, NiOx, TiOx, 그리고 HfOx 등과 같은 금속 산화물에 대한 연구들이 활발하게 이루어지고 있다. 이와 같이 다양한 산화물 중에서 AlOx는 ReRAM의 절연막으로 적용되었을 때, 우수한 저항변화특성과 안정성을 가진다. 하지만, AlOx 박막을 형성하기 위하여 기존에 많이 사용되어지던 PVD (physical vapour deposition) 또는 CVD (chemical vapour deposition) 방법에서는 두께가 균일하고 막질이 우수한 박막을 얻을 수 있지만 고가의 진공장비 사용 및 대면적 공정이 곤란하다는 문제점이 있다. 한편, 용액 공정 방법은 공정과정이 간단하여 경제적이고 대면적화가 가능하며 저온에서 공정이 이루어지는 장점으로 많은 관심을 받고 있다. 본 연구에서는 sputtering 방법과 용액 공정 방법으로 형성한 AlOx 기반의 ReRAM에서 메모리 특성을 비교 및 평가하였다. 먼저, p-type Si 기판 위에 습식산화를 통하여 SiO2 300 nm를 성장시킨 후, electron beam evaporation으로 하부 전극을 형성하기 위하여 Ti와 Pt를 각각 10 nm와 100 nm의 두께로 증착하였다. 이후, 제작된 AlOx 용액을 spin coating 방법으로 1000 rpm 10 초, 6000 rpm 30 초의 조건으로 증착하였다. Solvent 및 불순물 제거를 위하여 $180^{\circ}C$의 온도에서 10 분 동안 열처리를 진행하였고, 상부 전극을 형성하기 위해 shadow mask를 이용하여 각각 50 nm, 100 nm 두께의 Ti와 Al을 electron beam evaporation 방법으로 증착하였다. 측정 결과, 용액 공정 방법으로 형성한 AlOx 기반의 ReRAM에서는 기존의 sputtering 방법으로 제작된 ReRAM에 비해서 저항 분포가 균일하지는 않았지만, 103 cycle 이상의 우수한 endurance 특성을 나타냈다. 또한, 1 V 내외로 동작 전압이 낮았으며 104 초 동안의 retention 측정에서도 메모리 특성이 일정하게 유지되었다. 결론적으로, 간단한 용액 공정 방법은 ReRAM 소자 제작에 많이 이용될 것으로 기대된다.

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