• 건축역사연구
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.61-72
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• 2023

Korean architecture classifies Banja (the decorated flat of the ceiling visible from the inside) of Royal Palaces into two types: Woomul(water-well, 井) banja, which inserts rectangular wooden board into lattice frame, and paper banja, which applies paper to the flat ceiling. Such classification was established in the 19th century. Before that, Banja was classified according to what was inserted into the lattice frame, either wooden or paper board. At first, the banja that used paper board was widely installed regardless of the purpose or nobility of the building. However, since the 17th century, the use of paper board banja became mostly restricted to Ondol (Korean floor heating system) rooms which are characterized by private usage and the importance of heating, and it was considered inferior to wooden board banja in terms of rank or grace. The contemporary paper banja was mainly installed in low-rank ondol rooms until the late 19th century to early 20th century, when roll-type wallpaper was introduced from the West and the paper banja came to decorate the King's and Queen's bedrooms. The traditional paper board banja benefits heat reservation, reduces the weight of the ceiling, and allows the adjustment of the lattice frame size. Furthermore, it can feature unique artistry if covered with blue, white, or red Neung-hwa-ji (traditional flower pattered paper).

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.297-303
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• 2012

본 연구는 목조문화재 지붕 적심부의 화재전파 차단기능을 확보하기 위해 개판 상부에 설치하는 방염천의 차열성능을 알아보기 위한 실물모형 실험을 실시하여 방염천의 차열성능을 검증하고, 그 밖에 방염천의 설치방식에 따른(평형식과 접이식) 방화성능을 비교 분석하였다. 실험 결과, 방염천을 개판 상부에 평형식으로 설치한 경우 개판 하부온도가 $750^{\circ}C$일때 개판 상부온도가 $50^{\circ}C$로 $700^{\circ}C$ 정도의 온도차를 나타냈고 이는 방염천 미설치 시와 비교했을 때 개판 상부온도가 $580^{\circ}C{\sim}600^{\circ}C$ 정도 낮은 것으로, 방염천 설치로 인한 차열성능이 우수한 것으로 평가되었다. 방염천을 개판 상부에 접이식으로 설치한 경우 개판 하부온도가 $600^{\circ}C$일 때 개판 상부온도는 $65^{\circ}C$로 약 $530^{\circ}C$ 정도의 온도차를 보여 평형식으로 설치한 경우보다는 차열성능이 약간 떨어지는 것으로 나타났다.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.4-19
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• 2012

개성과 강화에는 다수의 고려왕릉이 남아 있다. 이 왕릉들은 전대의 능제적 전통을 이어받아 고려만의 독창적인 능제를 완성, 조선왕릉에 전승시켰다. 고려왕릉의 일반적인 특징은 우선 능역을 3~4단으로 구획하고 능제에 맞추어 각 단에 석물과 정자각을 배치하였다. 석실은 입구를 남쪽에 두고 있으며, 벽석은 수직으로 쌓아올렸고, 천장은 평천장이다. 석실바닥에는 중앙에 관대를 놓고, 그 주변에 전돌을 깔았다. 벽면과 천장에는 회칠을 하고 그림을 그렸다. 그런데 석실내부의 구조를 자세히 살펴보면, 이런 일반적인 특징 외에 몇 가지 세부적인 차이가 발견된다. 고려초기에는 1단 평행고임천장과 통돌관대, 유물부장대 그리고 식물소재의 벽화가 조합되어 나타나며, 이는 과도기적 형태를 거쳐 12세기후반을 기점으로 평천장, 장대석재벽석, 석주형석재조립관대로 변하고 있음을 알 수 있다. 한편, 몇몇 왕릉은 출토된 시책(諡冊) 편을 통해 능주를 명확히 규정할 수 있으며, 석실내부에서 출토된 청자는 해당 왕릉의 축조연대와 상당한 시기차가 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 이점은 도굴 등 왕릉의 파괴로 인한 후대 보수과정에서 당대 유물이 매납된 것으로 판단된다. 마지막으로 기록상 왕릉의 장지방향과 발굴결과를 비교검토하여 능주가 누구인지를 추적해 보았다. 그 결과 충목왕명릉 등 일부 왕릉은 능주의 비정이 잘못되었음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.197-206
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to analyze characteristic interior spaces for TV news center studio. Based on eight channels including public and comprehensive programming broadcasting stations the method for this research is to make differentiate existing relevant literature by creating analysis items for interior spaces through various case studies as well as find out characteristics of spatial forms, colors, materials, decorations, and etc. The conclusions are as follows. Firstly, spatial form of desk and ceiling are similar shapes but floor and wall are different comparing with public and comprehensive programming broadcasting stations. Secondly, preferred color for floor and ceiling is black, for wall and desk are blue and gray. Thirdly, various materials are preferred between public and comprehensive programming broadcasting stations. Fourthly, Flat and elevated floors are preferred as well as space and logos of broadcasting station are preferred for background images as decoration elements. Lastly, Soffit ceiling, desk accommodating more than 4 people, spotlight for public broadcasting stations, and architectural lighting for comprehensive programming broadcasting stations are preferred.

• 한국기계기술학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.15-21
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• 2011

The safety at this study is investigated by flow or stress analyses due to configuration or installation direction of fuel tank in the existing CNG bus. In case of the lower ceiling with sharp type, the equivalent stress due to the explosion of fuel tank is less than the type of flat or arc. it becomes safer on passenger. In case of the installation direction of fuel tank in the existing CNG bus, the stress applied on the lower ceiling at transverse direction becomes less than at longitudinal direction. It is more stable on the safety of passenger. The harm on the explosion accident can be prevented by use of the analysis result at this study.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2009년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.1507-1512
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• 2009

Flow field in a roller conveyor system, induced from the movement of a cassette in which glasses for flat panel display are loaded, is numerically studied in this paper. Contamination on the glass surface by dust particles produced from mechanical friction between roller and cassette is predicted from the analysis results of flow fields. Results show that a large swirl flow is formed under the moving cassette with constant speed. This swirl flow is confined only under the cassette because two main streams from the backward and the fan filter unit on the top ceiling are sufficiently strong. Therefore, it can be said that possibility of the contamination by the particles originated from the friction is relatively low. It is also revealed that flow direction between glass plates is changed according to the speed of the cassette movement due to the shear force of glass plates.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.6-11
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• 2009

본 논문에서는, 청정지역내에서 다수의 유리 기판을 적재하여 반송하는 롤러 컨베이어 시스템에서, 롤러와 카세트 사이의 기계적 마찰로 인해 발생하는 오염입자에 의한 유리 기판의 오염여부를 판단하기 위해, 시스템 내부의 유동장을 전산유체역학 기법을 통해 해석하였다. 수치해석 결과 일정 속도로 이동하는 카세트 하부에 큰 와류가 생성되는 것을 확인하였다. 그러나 이 와류는 후면에서 유입되는 강한 기류와, 상부 FFU에서 공급되어 하부로 배기되는 기류로 인해, 카세트의 하부 영역에만 갇히게 되는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 카세트와 롤러 사이의 기계적 마찰로 인해 오염입자가 발생하여도 상부로 이동할 수 없어 유리 기판의 오염 가능성은 낮았다. 또한 이동속도가 빨라짐에 따라 유리 평판 사이의 공기 유동의 방향이 평판의 점성 전단력에 의해 역방향으로 바뀌게 됨을 확인하였다.

• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.177-185
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• 2010

In this paper, a wall climbing robot, called LAVAR, is developed, which is using an impeller for adhering. The adhesion mechanism of the robot consists of an impeller and two-layered suction seals which provide sufficient adhesion force for the robot body on the non smooth vertical wall and horizontal ceiling. The robot uses two driving-wheels and one ball-caster to maneuver the wall surface. A suspension mechanism is also used to overcome the obstacles on the wall surface. For its design, the whole adhering mechanism is analyzed and the control system is built up based on this analysis. The performances of the robot are experimentally verified on the vertical and horizontal flat surfaces.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.201-208
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• 2011

Objectives: According to the compliance of the asbestos-related regulation, every building has to be inspected for asbestos presence before its abatement work. This study was performed for identifying the types and contents of asbestos in building bulk samples. Materials and Methods: Bulk samples were collected during the asbestos inspection in 2010. We grouped the bulk samples into the regulated asbestos containing materials(RACM), presumed asbestos containing materials(PACM), and construction products. Additionally, the types of asbestos in all bulk samples were identified by polarization microscopy(PLM). Results: The RACMs were from building, house, pipe and facility. The RACMs were found mainly building (72.1%) and house (93.7%). The contents of chrysotile in building, house and facility were 66.9% (1-90%), 89.7% (2-90%) and 11.0% (2-90%), respectively. PACMs were surfacing material, thermal system insulation (TSI), and miscellaneous material. The miscellaneous materials that showed a high detection rate (79.2%) were ceiling, roofing and wall materials. Among them, the roofing materials had high chrysotile content(9.7%, 2-21%), followed by wall (8.7%, 2-21%) and ceiling (3.4%, 1-17%). In the construction products, asbestos was found mainly in slate (92.6%, 2-21%), including chrysotile. The slate had high asbestos content (9.7%, 2-21%), followed by cement flat board (8.7%, 2-19%) and textile (3.4%, 1-17%) Conclusions: Utilizing these results, it would be contributed to construct a useful ACM database and prevent from asbestos exposure to workers in the asbestos abatement and maintenance works.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제66권4호
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• pp.242-246
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• 2017

In this study, it was investigated about optical simulation in high brightness and high uniformity general lighting using glass light guide plate. And we adopt edge-light emission type light plate. Edge-light type lighting has been used LCD application, especially note PC or smart phone backlight unit. Because it had the good properties such as slim shape and light weight. We thought this type was suitable for general lighting application such as wall attached type or ceiling mount type. But many of edge-light type lighting had problems. It called slanted output light rays. That was main key parameter how could control the direction of output light rays. We investigated the solution of this problems, using ray tracing method, we recognized the major fact of the solution relied on the geometric structure of diffusing dot shape. We set the conditions of aspect ratio in diffusing dot shape such as 0.5 to 1. And, at first, we designed diffusing dots shape based on the results of optical simulation and made specimen. as above condition, and acquired good result in confirming dots shape such as the value of the output rays's peak angle was around 75 degrees. And good light distribution characteristics were measured by slated spectro-radiometer. It was shown that the effective ways of designing light distribution characteristics using optical simulation such as ray tracing linear method for making general lighting using glass light guide plate.