• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.76-85
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• 1995

The general equation of homogeneous strin for tube drawing has been derived. This can be applied to the general tube drawing method for non-zero plug angle. Also, the derived equation can represent Blazynski's equations for the sinking and tube drawing with a constant plug diameter. The general tube drawing was divided into two steps, sinking and contact drawing zones. The derived equation can calculate the homogeneous strains of the two steps. The various tube drawing methods such as fixed tapered plug, fixed mandrel, fixed back tapered plug, and floating plug have been analysed by the equation and finite element analysis. From the FEM calculations, the total strains and drawing stresses are obtained and consequently the redundancy factor of various drawing methods was analysed. The fixed back tapered plug method showed the largest redundancy factor and the floating plug method had the largest drawing stress.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.59-66
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• 2019

In this paper we study implicit-explicit (IMEX) methods combined with a semi-Lagrangian scheme to evaluate the prices of fixed strike arithmetic Asian options under jump-diffusion models. An Asian option is described by a two-dimensional partial integro-differential equation (PIDE) that has no diffusion term in the arithmetic average direction. The IMEX methods with the semi-Lagrangian scheme to solve the PIDE are discretized along characteristic curves and performed without any fixed point iteration techniques at each time step. We implement numerical simulations for the prices of a European fixed strike arithmetic Asian put option under the Merton model to demonstrate the second-order convergence rate.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.173-180
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• 2016

The meta-analysis has become a widely used tool for many applications in bioinformatics, including genome-wide association studies. A commonly used approach for meta-analysis is the fixed effects model approach, for which there are two popular methods: the inverse variance-weighted average method and weighted sum of z-scores method. Although previous studies have shown that the two methods perform similarly, their characteristics and their relationship have not been thoroughly investigated. In this paper, we investigate the optimal characteristics of the two methods and show the connection between the two methods. We demonstrate that the each method is optimized for a unique goal, which gives us insight into the optimal weights for the weighted sum of z-scores method. We examine the connection between the two methods both analytically and empirically and show that their resulting statistics become equivalent under certain assumptions. Finally, we apply both methods to the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium data and demonstrate that the two methods can give distinct results in certain study designs.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.111-116
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• 2005

Two coupling methods for the Navier-Stokes equations and a two-equation turbulence model equations are compared. They are the strongly coupled method and the loosely coupled method. The strongly coupled method solves the Navier-Stokes equations and the two-equation turbulence model equations simultaneously, while the loosely coupled method solves the Navier-Stokes equation with the turbulence viscosity fixed and subsequently solves the turbulence model equations with all the flow quantities fixed. In this paper, performances of two coupling methods are compared for two and three-dimensional problems.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.1073-1082
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• 2003

Many researchers have investigated the blood flow characteristics through bileaflet mechanical heart valves using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models. Their numerical approach methods can be classified into three types; steady flow analysis, pulsatile flow analysis with fixed leaflets, and pulsatile flow analysis with moving leaflets. The first and second methods have been generally employed for two-dimensional and three-dimensional calculations. The pulsatile flow analysis interacted with moving leaflets has been recently introduced and tried only in two-dimensional analysis because this approach method has difficulty in considering simultaneously two physics of blood flow and leaflet behavior interacted with blood flow. In this publication, numerical calculation for pulsatile flow with moving leaflets using a fluid-structure interaction method has been performed in a three-dimensional geometry. Also, pulsatile flow with fixed leaflets has been analyzed for comparison with the case with moving leaflets. The calculated results using the fluid-structure interaction model have shown good agreements with results visualized by previous experiments. In peak systole. calculations with the two approach methods have predicted similar flow fields. However, the model with fixed leaflets has not been able to predict the flow fields during opening and closing phases. Therefore, the model with moving leaflets is rigorously required for advanced analysis of flow fields.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.257-263
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• 2024

Objective: Lingual fixed retainers, made from 0.0175-inch 3-strand twisted stainless steel wire (TW) and 0.016 × 0.022-inch straight rectangular wire (RW), are generally used in clinical practice. This study aimed to calculate their accuracy by comparing the discrepancy between computer-aided customized retainers made from these two types of wires. Methods: Eleven orthodontic patients were selected, resulting in 22 maxillary and mandibular three-dimensional printing dental models. Two types of lingual fixed retainers were bonded from canine to canine. To determine the accuracy, five points were chosen for each model, resulting in 110 selected points. The absolute values of the distances on the x-, y-, and z-axes were measured to compare the accuracy of the two types of computer-aided retainers. Results: The accuracy of the two types of retainers did not differ significantly in the x- and z-axes, but only in the y-axis (P < 0.01), where RW-fixed retainers exhibited a slightly but significantly increased distance compared to the TW. Conclusions: Both types of retainers showed high accuracy; however, RW had a slight but statistically significant difference along the y-axis compared with TW. This type of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing bending machine is limited to two dimensions, and the dental arch is curved. Therefore, RW may require slight manual adjustment by the practitioner after manufacturing.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.1352-1368
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• 2021

Objective: For an accurate dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI analysis, exact baseline T1 mapping is critical. The purpose of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetic parameters of DCE MRI using synthetic MRI with those using fixed baseline T1 values. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 102 patients who underwent both DCE and synthetic brain MRI. Two methods were set for the baseline T1: one using the fixed value and the other using the T1 map from synthetic MRI. The volume transfer constant (K^trans), volume of the vascular plasma space (v_p), and the volume of the extravascular extracellular space (v_e) were compared between the two methods. The interclass correlation coefficients and the Bland-Altman method were used to assess the reliability. Results: In normal-appearing frontal white matter (WM), the mean values of K^trans, v_e, and v_p were significantly higher in the fixed value method than in the T1 map method. In the normal-appearing occipital WM, the mean values of v_e and v_p were significantly higher in the fixed value method. In the putamen and head of the caudate nucleus, the mean values of K^trans, v_e, and v_p were significantly lower in the fixed value method. In addition, the T1 map method showed comparable interobserver agreements with the fixed baseline T1 value method. Conclusion: The T1 map method using synthetic MRI may be useful for reflecting individual differences and reliable measurements in clinical applications of DCE MRI.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 1997.04a
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• pp.102-109
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• 1997

A study to determine a proper sensor placement was developed to improve force identification. Improper selection of response position cause erroneous result in force identification problem. This paper presents two methods to improve the conditioning of the system's FRM(Frequency Response Matrix) which affects the accuracy of result. The basic strategy of the two methods in selecting the response position is to let the smallest singular value be as large as possible by maximizing the orthogonality of FRM. The suggested methods are tested numerically with a fixed-fixed beam model. The test results show that the proposed methods are very effective in dealing with the force identification problem.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.487-500
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• 1999

We propose a class of hierarchical Bayes estimators of the error variance under the relative squared error loss in balanced fixed-effects two-way analysis of variance models. Also we provide analytic expressions for the risk improvement of the hierarchical Bayes estimators over multiples of the error sum of squares. Using these expressions we identify a subclass of the hierarchical Bayes estimators each member of which dominates the best multiple of the error sum of squares which is known to be minimax. Numerical values of the percentage risk improvement are given in some special cases.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 1985

Two methods for the dynamic analysis of fixed offshore structures subjected to random waves are studied. They are the frequency domain method using the equivalent linearization of the nonlinear drag force, and the time domain method utilizing the Monte Carlo simulation technique for time series of random wave particle velocities and accelerations. Example analyses are carried out for two structures with different structural characteristics and for various wave conditions. A comparison has been made between the results obtained by two methods.