• 대한안전경영과학회지
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.49-57
• /
• 2007

This Study is to suggest a method of effect evaluation of forest fire on governor station in shrub land. Theoretically, to evaluate effects of forest fire, it is combined that Spread Rate of Forest Fire, Flame Model, and Thermal Radiation Effects Model; i.e. a travel time of forest fire is calculated by Spread Rate of Forest Fire, fire-line intensity is calculated by Flame Model, and effects of fire-line intensity is affected by Thermal Radiation Effects Model. With the aforementioned method, we could carry out the effect evaluation of forest fire on governor station in shrub land and could distinguish scenarios to need protection plan from all scenarios.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
• /
• 제31권2호
• /
• pp.101-105
• /
• 2017

본 연구는 효과적인 소방홍보를 위하여 소방홍보 만족도와 홍보효과를 측정하고 소방안전의식 수준이 소방홍보 만족도에 어떤 영향이 있는지, 소방홍보 만족도는 소방홍보효과에 영향을 주는지 분석하였다. 소방홍보를 접한 국민을 대상으로 만족도를 조사한 결과 58.5점으로 보통수준에서 약간 높은 것으로 나타났다. 소방홍보 효과를 측정한 결과 소방안전의식이 전반적으로 증가하였으며 그중 소화능력의 향상이 가장 높게 나타났다. 홍보매체별 소방안전의식의 향상은 인터넷/스마트폰이 가장 높았으나 효과적인 소방홍보매체로는 언론매체를 선호하였다. 소방안전의식 수준이 소방홍보 만족도에 미치는 영향력은 유의미하지 않으며 소방홍보 만족도는 홍보성과로 이어지고 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국화재소방학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국화재소방학회 2004년도 추계학술논문발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.19-24
• /
• 2004

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
• /
• 제32권3호
• /
• pp.123-133
• /
• 2018

본 연구의 목적은 노인을 위한 소방안전교육 프로그램을 개발하고, 이 프로그램이 노인의 소방안전지식과 소방안전사고예방실천에 미치는 효과를 알아보는 것이다. 프로그램은 기초조사와 문헌고찰을 토대로 목적과 목표, 내용, 교수학습방법을 선정한 후 전문가 검증과 예비조사를 거쳐 개발하였다. 효과검증은 65세 이상 노인 48명을 실험군(노인을 위한 소방안전교육 프로그램 실시)과 대조군(인쇄된 강의자료만 제공)으로 나누어 비동등성 대조군 사전사후검사를 실시하였다. 각 집단의 사전-사후 검사점수를 대응표본 t-검증으로 분석한 결과, 프로그램을 실시한 실험군과 인쇄자료만 제공한 대조군 모두 사전-사후 점수 간에 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 그리고 공변량분석(ANCOVA) 결과 실험군의 사후검사 점수가 대조군의 사후검사 점수보다 높게 나타나, 인쇄자료에 비해 프로그램의 효과가 유의미하게 높음을 확인하였다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.157-162
• /
• 1997

Changes on soil physical and chemical properties following the forest fire in Kosung area in Kangwon province were examined. Twenty seven sampling plots[16 burned (8 low intensity fire, 8 high intensity fire) and 11 unburned plots] from Pinus densiflora community were chosen and soil samples from three depths(0-5, 5-15, 15-25 cm) under the forest floor were collected. Forest fire in the area affected soil chemical properties. Soil pH, available phosphorus, base saturation, K, Ca, and Mg on the surface soil(0-5cm) in the burned areas compared with the unburned areas were increased, while soil properties on the subsurface soil(5-25 cm) were not changed. Organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and exchangeable cations following the high in tensity fire on the surface soil were generally lower than those in the low intensity fire areas. This indicates that these nutrients on high intensity fire areas may be volatilized. The results suggest that the fire effects on soil chemical properties were confined mainly to the surface soil and were different between the high and the low intensity fire types.

• 한국건축시공학회지
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.239-249
• /
• 2022

공동주택 화재 확산 방지와 피난을 위해 방화문의 내화성능과 성능설계가 중요하게 요구된다. 본 연구는 공동주택에 적용되는 화재성능시험을 통과한 대피공간 방화문 182건, 공용부 방화문 308건의 DB를 구축하고 방화문의 구조(12개 요소) 분석을 통하여 방화문 성능영향인자를 도출하였다. 결과로서, 대피공간 방화문에서 내화충진재의 밀도, 접착제, 발포 가스켓의 영향을 확인하였고, 공용부문에서 내화충진재, 접착제, 방화핀의 영향을 확인하였다. 불합격 사례를 분석한 결과, 화염발생과 틈새발생의 영향이 지배적인 것을 확인하였다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.207-222
• /
• 2010

Fire incident in buildings is common, so the fire safety design of the framed structure is imperative, especially for the unprotected or partly protected bare steel frames. However, software for structural fire analysis is not widely available. As a result, the performance-based structural fire design is urged on the basis of using user-friendly and conventional nonlinear computer analysis programs so that engineers do not need to acquire new structural analysis software for structural fire analysis and design. The tool is desired to have the capacity of simulating the different fire scenarios and associated detrimental effects efficiently, which includes second-order P-D and P-d effects and material yielding. Also the nonlinear behaviour of large-scale structure becomes complicated when under fire, and thus its simulation relies on an efficient and effective numerical analysis to cope with intricate nonlinear effects due to fire. To this end, the present fire study utilizes a second-order elastic/plastic analysis software NIDA to predict structural behaviour of bare steel framed structures at elevated temperatures. This fire study considers thermal expansion and material degradation due to heating. Degradation of material strength with increasing temperature is included by a set of temperature-stress-strain curves according to BS5950 Part 8 mainly, which implicitly allows for creep deformation. This finite element stiffness formulation of beam-column elements is derived from the fifth-order PEP element which facilitates the computer modeling by one member per element. The Newton-Raphson method is used in the nonlinear solution procedure in order to trace the nonlinear equilibrium path at specified elevated temperatures. Several numerical and experimental verifications of framed structures are presented and compared against solutions in literature. The proposed method permits engineers to adopt the performance-based structural fire analysis and design using typical second-order nonlinear structural analysis software.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국방재학회 2007년도 정기총회 및 학술발표대회
• /
• pp.231-237
• /
• 2007

To monitor process of vegetation rehabilitation at the damaged area after large-fire is required a lot of manpowers and budgets. However the analysis of vegetation recovery using satellite imagery can be obtaining rapid and objective result remotely in the large damaged area. Space and airbone sensors have been used to map area burned, assess characteristics of active fires, and characterize post-fire ecological effects. Burn severity incorporates both short- and long-term post-fire effects on the local and regional environment. Burn severity is defined by the degree to which an ecosystem has changed owing to the fire. To classify fire damaged area and analyze burn severity of Samcheok fire area occurred in 2000, Cheongyang fire 2002, and Yangyang fire 2005 was utilized Landsat TM and ETM+ imagery. Therefore the objective of the present paper is to quantitatively classify fire damaged area and analyze burn severity using normalized burn index(NBR) of pre- and post-fire's Landsat satellite imagery.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.62-67
• /
• 2003

실제 건물화재에서 창문재료의 내화특성을 평가하기 위하여 건물화재실험이 수행되었다. 4 mx3.8mx2.4m 방에서 PVC 창문, 알루미늄 창문, AL+Wood 창문을 각각 설치하고 화원은 소파와 매트리스를 사용하였다. 창문은 아파트 베란다에 많이 사용하는 유리두께 6mm사이에 공기층 12 mm인 것을 사용하였다. 건물내부와 창문 주변의 온도분포를 살펴보기 위하여 총 32개 지점의 온도를 측정하였다. 실험결과 건물내의 온도분포, 창틀의 변화, 유리창의 파손 정도 둥을 조사하여 분석하였다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제43권4호
• /
• pp.483-500
• /
• 2022

Cold-formed steel wall panels sheathed with gypsum plasterboard have shown superior thermal and structural performance in fire. Recent damage caused by fire events in Australia has increased the need for accurate fire resistance ratings of wall systems used in low- and mid-rise construction. Past fire research has mostly focused on light gauge steel framed (LSF) walls under uniform axial compression and LSF floors under pure bending. However, in reality, LSF wall studs may be subject to both compression and bending actions due to eccentric loading at the wall to-roof or wall-to-floor connections. In order to investigate the fire resistance of LSF walls under the effects of these loading eccentricities, four full-scale standard fire tests were conducted on 3 m × 3 m LSF wall specimens lined with two 16 mm gypsum plasterboards under different combinations of axial compression and lateral load ratios. The findings show that the loading eccentricity can adversely affect the fire resistance level of the LSF wall depending on the magnitude of the eccentricity, the resultant compressive stresses in the hot and cold flanges of the wall studs caused by combined loading and the temperatures of the hot and cold flanges of the studs. Structural fire designers should consider the effects of loading eccentricity in the design of LSF walls to eliminate their potential failures in fire.