• 아동학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.37-61
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• 2014

The purpose of the present study was to conduct a preliminary study for developing a Korean version of the Fine Motor Scale of the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, $3^{rd}$ Edition(Bayley-III). The subjects for this study included 313 Korean infants and toddlers aged from 16 days to 42 months and 15 days. The results of this study were as follows. Firstly, the analysis of the degree of item difficulty indicated that the arrangement of the items corresponded with child development by age. Secondly, the analysis of the inter-item consistency, the test-retest reliability and the inter-rater reliability revealed a high degree of reliability of the scale. Thirdly, the Fine Motor Scale of K-Bayley-III score showed a significant high correlation with the Motor composite score but a significant moderate correlation with the Language composite score, providing evidence of its convergent and discriminant validity. This study demonstrated that the preliminary version of the K-Bayley-III Fine Motor Scales can be applied to assess the development of fine motor skills of Korean infants and toddlers.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.51-63
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• 2024

본 연구의 목적은 유아의 가정 소근육운동 경험에 대한 부모인식과 가정환경 및 운동빈도 간의 관계를 살펴보고, 유아의 소근육운동에 대한 부모인식이 유아의 소근육운동 빈도에 영향을 미치는 과정에서 가정환경의 매개효과를 검증하는 것이다. 연구대상은 경기도 내 6개 유아교육기관의 5세 유아와 부모 214명이다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 23.0 프로그램을 사용하여 분석하였으며, 기술통계, 독립표본 t검정, 상관관계분석, 다중회귀분석, 부트스트래핑 분석을 실시하였다. 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 부모인식, 가정환경, 운동빈도의 성별에 따른 차이는 세 변수 모두 여아가 남아보다 수치가 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 부모인식, 가정환경, 운동빈도 간 정적인 상관관계를 보였다. 셋째, 부모인식과 운동빈도의 관계에서 가정환경은 부분매개효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구 결과를 통해 유아기 가정 소근육운동 경험에 있어 성별의 차이가 크게 나타남을 인지하고, 남아와 여아의 균형있는 운동발달을 위해 유아의 소근육운동에 대한 부모의 인식 수준을 높이고, 언제 어디서나 자유롭게 소근육 활동이 이루어질 수 있도록 가정환경을 조성하여 유아의 소근육운동 빈도를 높이는 것이 중요하다는 사실이 확인되었다.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.35-46
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• 2024

본 연구는 한국형 베일리 영유아 발달검사 소근육 운동 영역 구성 요소를 기반으로 개발된 미술 재활 프로그램이 발달지연 유아의 소근육 운동 발달에 미치는 효과를 알아보기 위한 사례연구이다. 발달지연이 있는 유아의 소근육 운동 발달을 증진하기 위해서는 조기 중재가 필요하며 체계적인 중재 프로그램에 관한 연구가 필요하다. 대상 유아는 소근육 운동 발달이 지연된 36개월 남아이며, 주 2회 총 40회 프로그램을 진행하였다. 프로그램은 안구 운동 조절, 생애 초기 손 움직임, 공간에서 손 뻗기, 사물 잡기 및 조작, 양손 협응, 연필 잡기 및 쓰기 전 기술, 손가락 및 손 움직임 통제, 도구 사용 및 운동계획의 영역으로 구성되었다. 프로그램 실시 사전과 사후에 평가를 통해 효과를 알아보았고 유아의 변화를 질적 분석하였다. 연구 결과 발달지연 유아의 소근육 운동 영역에서 베일리 발달검사 점수가 향상되었고 손과 손가락 조작 능력이 향상되어 유아의 소근육 발달 증진을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과는 신뢰도 높은 베일리 영유아 발달검사의 소근육 운동 영역 구성요소를 기반으로 개발된 미술 재활 프로그램이 발달지연 유아의 소근육 운동 발달에 효과적인 중재 방안임을 확인해 준다. 본 연구는 유아의 소근육 운동 발달을 증진하기 위한 미술 재활 프로그램의 활용을 제안하며 유아의 발달 증진을 위한 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있다.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.977-987
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of sensory integration therapy (SIT) on sensory' motor development and adaptive behavior of cerebral palsy children. The design of this study was quasi experiments with a non-equivalent pre- and post-test control design. Subjects of the study were arbitrarily chosen based on predetermined selection criteria among the cerebral palsy children who were treated as out-patients at two rehabilitation hospitals one in Seoul, and the other in Kyunggi-do. The study was conducted between early April and late July in 2000. Fifteen children were in the experimental group and eleven in the control group. The allocation was done based on ease of experimental treatment. A five-step SIT program was devised from a combination of SIT programs suggested by Ayres(1985) and Finks(1989), and an author-designed SIT program for cerebral palsy children. The experimental group was subjected to 20 to 30 minutes of SIT per session. two sessions a week for ten -week period. The effects of SIT were measured with respect to 9 sub-areas that can be administered to cerebral palsy children out of a total of 17 sub-areas in the Southern California Sensory Integration Test (SCSIT) developed by Ayres (1980). In addition. the scale developed by Russell (1993) for Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM). and Perception Motor Development Test developed by 中司利一 et al.(1987) were also applied. Adaptive behavior was analyzed using guidelines in two unpublished documents - School-Age Checklist for Occupational Therapy by the Wakefield Occupational Therapy Associates, and the OTA-Watertown Clinical Assessment by the Watertown Occupational Therapy Associates-, and an author-developed Adaptive Behavior Checklist. Collected data were statistically analyzed by SPSS PC for chi square test, Mann-Whitney test, Wilcoxon signed rank test, and paired t-test. The results were as follows: 1. In sensory development, the experimental group exhibited a score increase compared to the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant, Although the experimental group showed improvements in all. 9 sub-areas compared to the control group, only right-left discrimination exhibited statistically significant change. 2. In gross motor development, the experimental group showed improvements in score compared to the control group, but it was not statistically significant. In fine motor development, the experimental group exhibited statistically significant improvements compared to the control group. In sub-area analysis, figure synthesis showed positive change. 3. In adaptive behavior development, post-experimental adaptive behavior scores were higher compared to pre-experimental scores with statistical significance. Furthermore, sub-areas emotional behavior, perception behavior, gross-fine motor function, oral-respiration function, motor behavior, motor planning, and adaptive response exhibited higher scores after SIT. In conclusion SIT was found to be partially effective in sensory and fine motor development, effective in all adaptive behavior areas, and not effective in gross motor development. Thus, this study has shown that SIT is an effective intervention for sensory development, fine motor development, and adaptive behavior for cerebral palsy children. But, for the effectiveness of SIT on gross motor development, further studies employing longer-time experiments are recommended.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.375-380
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• 2006

목 적 : 엎어 재우기, 똑바로 누워 재우기, 옆으로 재우기 등 수면 자세에 따라서 조대운동발달과 미세운동발달이 차이가 나는지 살펴보기 위해서 연구를 시작하였다. 방 법 : 2003월 12월부터 2005년 9월까지 1년 9개월 동안, 전주예수병원 소아과를 방문하는 3개월부터 16개월 사이의 소아 800명을 대상으로 운동발달검사, 수면 자세, 몸무게를 조사하여 연구하였다. 결 과 : 똑바로 누워 재우기가 79.3%, 엎어 재우기가 10.0%, 옆으로 재우기가 10.7%로, 똑바로 누워 재우기가 가장 많았다. 남아와 여아의 조대운동발달 지수는 각각 $109.5{\pm}16.3$, $108.1{\pm}17.3$이었으며, 미세운동발달 지수는 각각 $102.3{\pm}17.1$, $100.7{\pm}16.9$로 성별에 따른 발달의 차이는 없었다. 똑바로 누워 재우기, 엎어 재우기, 옆으로 재우기에 따른 조대운동발달 지수는 5개월에 $98.2{\pm}16.8$, $126.2{\pm}10.9$, $117.2{\pm}6.6$, 6개월에 $101.2{\pm}13.0$, $115.2{\pm}18.0$, $95.7{\pm}20.2$로 각각 엎어 재우기에서 의의 있게 높았다. 7개월에서 16개월까지는 차이가 없었다. 똑바로 누워 재우기, 엎어 재우기, 옆으로 재우기에 따른 미세운동발달 지수는 차이가 없었다. 연령별 평균 미만의 몸무게 군과 연령별 평균 이상의 몸무게 군에서, 조대운동발달 지수는 각각 $106.3{\pm}16.3$, $109.9{\pm}16.8$이고, 미세운동발달 지수는 각각 $99.4{\pm}16.2$, $102.5{\pm}17.2$로 연령별 평균 이상의 몸무게 군에서 조대운동발달 지수와 운동발달 지수가 의의 있게 높았다. 결 론 : 엎어 재웠을 경우 5개월과 6개월에서 조대운동발달 지수가 높았으나, 7개월부터는 차이가 없었다. 따라서 운동발달을 빠르게 하기 위해서 엎어 재우는 것은 의미가 없는 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제13권10호
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• pp.88-93
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• 1996

The study was carried out development a pricision positioning apparatus, consisting of DG servo motor and piezoelectric actuatior. This system is composed of fine and coarse apparatus, measurement system and control system. Peezoelectric actuator is designed for fine positioning. Coarse positioning using lead screw is droved by DC servo motor. Control system output a signal from laser interfermeter and capacitive sensor to amplifer of DC servo motor and piezoelectric actuator after digital signal processing (DSP). Resolution of this apparatus measure with laser interferometer and microsense

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.154-164
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• 2019

Purpose: The study aimed to develop a play toolkit to facilitate infants' and toddlers' symbolic thought and fine motor development. Methods: This study used a methodological study design including two phases of development and evaluation. After reviewing the play culture and developmental health issues in Kyrgyzstan through a literature review and interviews with local experts and parents, the toolkit was developed and evaluated using content validity and utilization tests. Results: The toolkit was based on Westby's symbolic play and the fine motor milestones in the Bright Futures Guidelines. The Toolkits were composed of an overall suggested play schedule according to the child's age, four kinds of play props, and a utilization guidebook for parents. The play props were a felt book, sorting and assembling blocks, cup blocks, and a tangram. The guidebook contained age-appropriate operating methods and alternative ways to use the materials. Conclusion: A play toolkit was developed to enhance nurturing practices among parents of infants and toddlers. The findings may help facilitate effective interactions between parents and their children. Considering that nurturing care is critical for achieving better child health outcomes, enhancing parenting resources and parent-child relations could function as an effective strategy for promoting child health.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.294-303
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of sensory integration training on children with developmental delays. To achieve this goal, an educational experiment is conducted in five main areas: gross motor ability, fine motor ability, adaptive ability, language and social ability in children with developmental delay. The study subjects were children with developmental delays aged 3-6 years diagnosed at Beijing Institute of Pediatrics and Beijing Medical University and received sensory integration intervention and homebased training at the Golden Rain Forest Beijing Tongzhou Center from 2018 to 2021. According to the purpose of the analysis, the data collected are subjected to descriptive statistics using SPSS 21.0 statistical program, Two-way MANOVA analysis, and data analysis method of multivariate analysis is used to process the collected data. In addition, a total of 39 subjects were selected, including 19 children who received sensory integration training and 20 children who only received family training. The results show that the sensory integration training group outperformed the home training group in all aspects and developmental quotient, but the home training group also showed higher levels of significance for improvements in gross motor, fine motor and developmental quotient.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.613-622
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate infants' development, parenting characteristics, and the infants' daily routines by monthly family income, and examine variables related to infants' development. The 2010 data of the panel study on Koreans were used. The sample for this analysis was 1,802 children aged 21-23 months and their parents. The data were analyzed with ANOVA, Pearson's correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis with SPSS version 18.0. The results were as follows: First, the development of infants differed by the family income. Infants' communication and problem solving skills in families with an income at the 25th percentile or below was lower than those above the 25th percentile. Second, parenting characteristics differed by family income. In the lower income group, the mother's parenting stress was highest, but the father's parenting time on weekends was lowest. Third, the most frequent activity of infants differed by family income. Playing with friends or caregivers was lowest, but watching TV and videos was highest in the lower income family group. Fourth, there was a relation among infants' development (communication and fine motor skills) and parenting characteristics (mother's parenting style, stress, and father's parenting time on weekends), and the infants' daily routines (playing with friends or caregivers). Fine motor development was affected by playing with a caregiver.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.11-27
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate the overall developmental characteristics of Korean children ages 0 to 8, and then explore specifically how children's social and emotional developmental levels are related to mothers' psychological states. This study was part of newly launched Boryung Baby Panel Study using web-based survey in 2011. The subjects were all mothers of 940 infants(0-2 years), 654 toddlers(3-5 years), and 484 school-age children(6-8 years) The mothers were asked to administer the web-based standardized developmental checklist for their child and fill out the questionnaires of psychological variables(life satisfaction, depression, parenting attitude, parenting efficacy, and parenting stress). The data was analyzed using descriptive analysis, t-test, and logistic regression for SPSS 20.0 windows. Major findings were as follows: 1. Infants(0 to 2) showed higher developmental level in cognition and fine motor skill domain compared to other domains. 2. Most toddlers(3 to 5) showed normal development in the most domain such as gross motor skill, fine motor skill, language, letter, number, self-help behavior. 3. In socio-emotional development domain, the ratio of risk or delay group were highest at both infant and toddler. 4. The 6-8 years old children that belong to risk group by the result of SDQ(emotion and behavior assessment) were also relatively high. 5. The relation of the children's socio-emotional developmental level and the mother's psychological variables were reciprocal. Based on these findings, the implications and the limitations of current study were discussed.