• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제43권3호
• /
• pp.147-151
• /
• 1998

The conductivity test is a measure of electrolytes leakage from plant tissue. The shorter the maturation period after heading was the greater electrical conductivity (EC) of rice seed. The polymer-coated seed was not different in EC compared with non-coated seed. As soaking time of rice seed increased, EC increased gradually. The EC varied from 9.9 to 20.7$\mu$S $cm^{-1}g^{-l}$ for control plots and from 21.3 to 41.7$\mu$S $cm^{-1}g^{-l}$ for heat-killed seeds which were produced by autoclaving seeds at 121$^{\circ}C$ for 20 minutes. The germination speed (the rate of 5th day) of rice seed was 94% at control plot, 83% at low temperature and 20% at high temperature. Besides, germination percentage was 95% for the control, 92% for the low temperature treatment and 39% for the high temperature treatment. The EC was negatively correlated (r=-0.771$^{**}$) with germination percentage at low temperature. Water uptake in seeds of 30, 40, 50 days after heading (DAH) was greater than that of 20 DAH. Plant height of seedlings was 9.84 cm for the control but 4.32 cm for the high temperature treatment, and the tallest for polymer-coated seed. Dry weight of seedlings was 0.841 g for the control and 0.287 g at high temperature. Besides, the polymer-coated seed was heavier than non-coated seed. The number of roots was largest from 40 to 50 DAH and polymer-coated seed, but was decreased from 20 to 30 DAH. The length of roots was 20.52 cm at control plot and 19.89 cm polymer-coated seed but 8.68 cm for the low temperature treatment and 7.28 cm for the high temperature treatment.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.39-46
• /
• 1985

추파 대·소맥의 조숙품종의 조기출수에 따른 개화등숙 및 수량성 변화를 구명하고자 대맥품종 조강보리, 밀양6호, 올보리, 동보리 1호 및 부농과 소맥품종 수원210호, 올밀, 조광 및 농림16호 등을 공시포장조건에서 파종기 차이와 장일처리로써 조기출수 및 출수기 차이를 유도하여 본 실험을 수행하여 얻은 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 파종기 및 장일처리에 의해 대·소맥에서 15일 출수기 차이가 유도되었으나, 성숙기는 불과 2∼6밖에 촉진되지 않았다. 2. 조기출수한 경우 출수∼개화 일수 및 등숙일수가 연장되었으며, 출수∼개화 일수 연장이 더 큰 것으로 나타났고, 이들 기간과 평균기온 간에는 각각 고도의 부상관이 있었다. 3. 조기출수만 것일수록 등숙초기의 엽면적은 좁았고, 엽면적유지기간(Leaf area duration)은 컸으며, 순동화율(NAR)은 낮았다. 4. 조기출수한 것에서 천립중은 증가하였으나 종실수량은 현저히 감소하였는데 이는 주로 수수 및 일수입수의 감소에 기인하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 센서학회지
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.58-64
• /
• 2006

In this study, we describe a low-temperature wafer-level thermocompression bonding using electroplated gold seal line and bonding pads by electroplating method for RF-MEMS devices. Silicon wafers, electroplated with gold (Au), were completely bonded at $320^{\circ}C$ for 30 min at a pressure of 2.5 MPa. The through-hole interconnection between the packaged devices and external terminal did not need metal filling process and was made by gold films deposited on the sidewall of the throughhole. This process was low-cost and short in duration. Helium leak rate, which is measured to evaluate the reliability of bonded wafers, was $2.7{\pm}0.614{\times}10^{-10}Pam^{3}/s$. The insertion loss of the CPW packaged was $-0.069{\sim}-0.085\;dB$. The difference of the insertion loss between the unpackaged and packaged CPW was less than -0.03. These values show very good RF characteristics of the packaging. Therefore, gold thermocompression bonding can be applied to high quality hermetic wafer level packaging of RF-MEMS devices.

• 한국치위생학회지
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.103-109
• /
• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the effect of oral exercise on oral health and oral health related quality of life in the elderly people. Methods: The subjects were83 elderly people including 42 elderly people of intervention group and 41 elderly people of control group. A dentist and a dental hygienist carried out the direct oral examination. The self-reported questionnaire was completed and the oral examination consisted of decayed tooth, missing tooth, filling tooth, functioning tooth, plaque index, salivary flow rate, and range of motion in mouth opening. OHIP-14 was used to assess the oral health related quality of life. For three months, oral exercise was done twice per week in the experimental group. Results: Before oral exercise, there was no significant difference between the intervention group and control group. After 3 months, there was a significant improvement in plaque reduction and range of motion in mouth opening between two groups (p<0.001, p<0.001). Oral health related quality of life was observed in the intervention group (p<0.001). Conclusions: The oral exercise using toothbrushing remarkably improved the oral health related quality of life in the elderly people.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.89-98
• /
• 2007

본 연구는 ㄱ형강과 y형 강판으로 형태를 구성하고, 내부에 콘크리트를 타설하여 ㄱ형강과 콘크리트가 합성구조재로 거동하는 조립기둥에 대한 것이다. 연구 개발하고 있는 합성 기둥은 철근콘크리트 공사의 거푸집과 철근 배근을 삭제 또는 최소화하여 공기단축과 시공성 증대를 고려하였다. 1차 실험은 13개의 실험체를 실대 기둥의 1/3 크기로 제작하였으며 실험 변수는 다음과 같다. 첫째 ; 조립기둥에 적용 된 ㄱ형강과 y형 강판의 영향, 둘째 ; 기둥 폭에 대한 기둥 길이 비의 영향, 셋째 ; 편심의 영향 등이다. 실험결과 조립기둥은 철근콘크리트 구조 기준에 의한 내력평가와 잘 일치하는 것으로 판단되며, 앵글의 크기에 비례하여 하중이 증가 하는 것으로 나타났다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.749-754
• /
• 2008

To increase the solubility of sibutramine freebase, the solid dispersion was prepared using a fluid-bed granulator. The solid dispersion containing sibutramine freebase was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). After filling the sibutramine solid dispersion in the gelatin hard capsule, we performed in vitro dissolution test, the stability test under accelerated conditions and pharmacokinetic study in beagle dogs. The DSC and XRD data showed that sibutramine solid dispersion would be amorphous state. The dissolution rate of sibutramine solid dispersion was significantly increased about 70% than sibutramine freebase. The stability of sibutramine solid dispersion capsules was equivalent or above to commercial product of sibutramine. In beagle dogs, the sibutramine solid dispersion showed equivalent pharmacokinetic behavior with commercial product of sibutramine hydrochloride. In conclusion, the solid dispersion system provided a possible way to overcome the low solubility of sibutramine freebase, and the sibutramine solid dispersion can be a bioequivalent with the commercial product in humans.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• 제45권1호
• /
• pp.23-29
• /
• 2015

Purpose: This study was conducted to compare the cumulative survival rates (CSRs) and the incidence of postloading complications (PLCs) between a bone-level internal connection system (ICS-BL) and an external connection system (ECS). Methods: The medical records of patients treated with either a ICS-BL or ECS between 2007 and 2010 at Asan Medical Center were reviewed. PLCs were divided into two categories: biological and technical. Biological complications included >4 mm of probing pocket depth, thread exposure in radiographs, and soft tissue complications, whereas technical complications included chipping of the veneering material, fracture of the implant, fracture of the crown, loosening or fracture of the abutment or screw, loss of retention, and loss of access hole filling material. CSRs were determined by a life-table analysis and compared using the log-rank chi-square test. The incidence of PLC was compared with the Pearson chi-squared test. Results: A total of 2,651 implants in 1,074 patients (1,167 ICS-BLs in 551 patients and 1,484 ECSs in 523 patients) were analyzed. The average observation periods were 3.4 years for the ICS-BLs and 3.1 years for the ECSs. The six-year CSR of all implants was 96.1% (94.9% for the ICS-BLs and 97.1% for the ECSs, P=0.619). Soft tissue complications were more frequent with the ECSs (P=0.005) and loosening or fracture of the abutment or screw occurred more frequently with the ICS-BLs (P<0.001). Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, the ICS-BL was more prone to technical complications while the ECS was more vulnerable to biological complications.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.67-73
• /
• 1999

분말시료를 epoxy로 포매 (embedding)한 후 ion milling하는 방법으로 TEM 시편을 준비하는 경우에는 시료와 epoxy와의 milling정도의 차이 때문에 좋은 시편을 만들기 어렵다. 이러한 문제점을 극복하기 위해서 포매 물질에 대한 분말시료의 상대 밀도를 높여 주는 방법을 시도하였다. 일반적인 진공법보다는 원심분리기법을 이용하여 포매하는 것이 시료의 밀도를 높일 수 있었다. 또한, 비슷한 크기의 분말의 혼합보다는 서로 다른 크기의 분말을 혼합한 후 원심분리기를 이용하여 포매할 때, 큰 입자들 사이로 작은 입자들이 유입되면서 분말의 밀도가 더욱 높아지는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이렇게 준비된 시료는 ion milling정도의 차이에서 오는 문제점을 크게 줄일 수가 있어 TEM 관찰에 필요한 시편을 얻을 수 있었다. 원심분리기법은 마이크로미터 이하 크기의 구형, 판상 및 침상의 분말시료에서부터 TEM 시편을 준비하는 데에도 매우 효과적임이 드러났다.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제48권5호
• /
• pp.361-368
• /
• 2003

The responses of five varieties and three cultivars of pea (Pisum sativum) to Rhizobium inoculation on nodulation, growth, nitrogenase activity, dry matter production and N uptake were investigated. The pea varieties were IPSA Motorshuti-l, IPSA Motorshuti-2, IPSA Motorshuti-3, BARI Motorshuti-l, BARI Motorshuti-2 and the cultivars were 063, Local small and Local white. Fifty percent seeds of each pea variety/cultivar were inoculated with a mixture of Rhizobium inoculants at rate of 15g/kg seed and the remaining fifty percent seeds were kept uninoculated. The plants inoculated with Rhizobium inoculant significantly increased nodulation, growth, nitrogenase activity, dry matter production and N uptake. Among the varieties/cultivars, BARI Motorshuti-l performed best in almost all parameters including nitrogenase activity of root nodule bacteria of the crop. There were positive correlations among the number and dry weight of nodules (r=$0.987^{**}$, $0.909^{**}$), nitrogenase activity of root nodule bacteria (r=$0.944^{**}$, $0.882^{**}$), dry weight of shoot (r=$0.787^{**}$, $0.952^{**}$), N content (r=$0.594^{**}$, $0.605^{**}$) and N uptake (r=$0.784^{**}$, $0.922^{**}$) by shoot both at flowering and pod filling stages of the crop, respectively. It was concluded that BARI Motorshuti-l in symbiotic association with Rhizobium inoculant performed best in recording nitrogenase activity, dry matter production and N uptake by pea.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국추진공학회 2008년도 제31회 추계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.137-142
• /
• 2008

액체로켓엔진 재생냉각 연소기에서 산화제 선공급 cyclogram시의 점화 특성에 대해 기술하였다. 연소기의 연소압력은 60 bar, 추진제 유량은 약 89 kg/s 그리고 노즐 팽창비는 12이다. 산화제 선공급 cyclogram을 위해 수행한 연소기로의 연료 및 산화제 수류시험, 산화제 선공급에 따른 점화기 작동성 확인을 위한 점화시험, 연소기의 주 점화 및 연소 확인을 위한 저압 연소시험 그리고 설계점에서 연소기 작동성/연소 안정성 및 연소성능/재생냉각 성능 확인을 위한 연소시험 등에 대해 기술하였다. 산화제 선공급 점화 및 연소시험은 성공적으로 이루어졌으며 연소기에 대한 안정적인 점화 cyclogram을 개발하였다.