• 터널과지하공간
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.403-411
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• 2012

최근 국내에서는 폐광산 지반보강공사를 실시함에 있어 수압식 충전법을 적용하는 사례가 증가하고 있으나 효율적인 충전법 적용을 위해 현장 특성을 고려한 다양한 연구가 미흡한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 수압식 충전공법의 충전효율 개선을 위한 선단장치 개발을 위하여 수조 모형실험 및 현장실험을 실시하였다. 수조 모형 실험을 통해 동일조건 하에서 선단장치 노즐각도 및 노즐형태 변화에 따른 충전효율을 평가하고, 이로부터 고안된 선단장치 모델을 현장실험에 적용한 결과, 노즐각 $90^{\circ}$관을 사용한 경우 일반적인 수직관을 사용한 경우에 비해 충전량이 약 18% 증가하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이때 안식각은 $30.82^{\circ}$였다. 현장에서는 일반적으로 안식각을 $40^{\circ}$로 가정하고 충전공 간격을 5m에서 최대 10m 이내로 설계하였지만, 본 연구 결과에 따라 안식각을 $30^{\circ}{\sim}35^{\circ}$로 적용하면 충전공 간격을 최소 10m에서 최대 15m까지 넓히는 것이 가능하여 경제적이고 효율적인 채굴적 충전이 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.984-990
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• 2009

하프토닝은 단색으로 다양한 계조의 색단계를 표현하는 방법으로 인쇄 매체와 같은 분야에서 제한된 색으로 다양한 톤을 표현할 수 있도록 해주는 매우 중요한 영상처리기법이다. 본 논문에서는 공간채움곡선 (Space-Filling Curve)에 의한 하프토닝 방법의 대안으로 미로 생성 알고리즘에 기반한 새로운 하프토닝 방법을 제안한다. 기존의 공간채움곡선에 의한 오류 확산방법은 규칙적인 스캔 패턴으로 인해 해프토닝의 결과에도 규칙적인 패턴이 발생한다. 이러한 부분을 개선하기 위해 공간채움곡선 대신 미로의 경로를 사용함으로써 규칙적인 패턴을 제거하였다.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.269-272
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• 2005

For the three decades, the mold-filling of injection molding process was modeled as Hele-Shaw model. However, this model can not consider the 3D effect. In this paper, numerical simulations of three dimensional mold-filling during the filling phase were performed. The governing equations were discretized by segregated finite element method, which used equal order interpolation for pressure and velocity fields. The iterative linear equation solver (JCG, SOR) was employed for the solution of the momentum and pressure equations. Volume of Fluid (VOF) was employed for the melt front advancement. To check the validity of the numerical results, the results were compared with the experimental ones. The agreements between the experiment and the numerical results were found to be satisfactory.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.245-250
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• 2002

In this paper we presented numerical method for the simulation of powder injection molding filling process, which is one of the key processes in powder injection molding. Rheological properties of powder binder mixture such as slip phenomena and yield stress were introduced into the numerical analysis model of powder injection molding filling simulation. Numerical model can be classified into two types. One is 2.5D model which can be introduced to a arbitrary thin geometry and the other is full 3D model which can be applied to a general 3D shape. For 2.5D model we showed the validity of our CAE system with several verification examples. Finally we suggested flow analysis model for 3D powder injection molding filling simulation.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.1465-1477
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• 1993

본 연구에서는 분말혼합체의 특성인 항복응력을 포함한 Generalized Newtonian Fluid의 구성 방정식을 도입하고 미끄럼현상을 고려한 신소재의 사출성형 충전과정 해석용 CAE(computer aided engineering)시스템을 개발하였다. 수치모사를 위한 수치해석방법으로는, 유한요소법(finite element method)과 유한차분법(finite difference method)을 함께 사용하였다. 유한요소법과 검사체적법(control volume technique) 을 병용하여 유동의 진행을 수치모사 하였으며, 유한차분법을 사용하여 온도분포를 계산하였다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.59-68
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• 1983

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of canal irrigants and the method of canal filling on the quality of canal obturation. Sixty extracted human teeth with single root were selected and divided into three different groups; In group I (control); 5 cc normal saline irrigated after each instrumentation In group II; 2.5 cc-3% NaOCl in combination with 2.5 cc-3% $H_2O_2$ In group III; RC-Prep in combination with 5 cc-3% NaOCl All specimens were cleaned, shaped(#50 file size), irrigated and obturated by lateral condensation and automated thermatic condensation filling method of gutta-percha and AH-26. After all the specimens were immersed in 2% methylene blue dye solution in $37^{\circ}C$ for 7 days and the degree of dye penetration into the canals observed by magnifying glass(${\times}$20) and reflected light microscope The results were as follows: 1. All the the teeth showed some degree of the dye penetration. 2. There were no significant difference among three groups in the degree of the dye penetration in each canal filling method. 3. There were no significant difference of the dye penetration between each canal filling method in group I. 4. There were no statistically significant difference of the dye penetration between each canal filling method in group II and group III, but lateral condensation group was showed slightly more than automated thermatic condensation group.

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 2002년도 proceedings of the second asia international conference on tribology
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• pp.333-334
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• 2002

Injection-compression molding parts are many cases with complicated boundary condition which is difficult to analysis of mold characteristics precisely. In this study, the effects of various process parameters such as multi-point gate location, initial charge volume, injection time and pressure have been investigated using finite element method to fomulate the melt front advancement during the mold filling process. A general governing equation for tracking the filling process during injection-compression molding is applied to volume of fluid method. To verify the results of present analysis, they are compared with those of the other paper. The results show a strong effect of processing conditions as a result of variations in the three-dimensional complex geometry model.

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.71-79
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• 2009

The incomplete saturation and the void formation during the resin infiltration into fibrous porous media in the resin transfer molding process cause failure in the final product during its service. In order to better understand flow behavior during the filling process, a finite-element scheme for transient flow simulation across the micro-structured fibrous media is developed in the present work. A volume-of- fluid (VOF) method has been incorporated in the Eulerian frame to capture the evolution of flow front and the vertical periodic boundary condition has been combined to avoid unwanted wall effect. In the microscale simulation, we investigated the transient filling process in various fiber structures and discussed the mechanism leading to the flow fingering in the case of random fiber distribution. Effects of the filling pressure, the shear-thinning behavior of fluid and the volume fraction on the flow front have been investigated for both intra-tow and the inter-tow flows in dual-scale fiber tow models.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.45-50
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• 2006

3D package의 SiP에서 구리의 via filling은 매우 중요한 사항으로 package밀도가 높아짐에 따라 via의 크기가 줄어들며 전기도금법을 이용한 via filling이 연구되어왔다. Via filling시 via 내부에 결함이 발생하기 쉬운데 전해액 내에 억제제, 가속제등 첨가제를 첨가하고 펄스-역펄스(PRC)의 전류파형을 인가하여 결함이 없는 via의 filling이 가능하다. 본 연구에서는 건식 식각 방법 중 하나인 DRIE법을 이용하여 깊이 $100{\sim}190\;{\mu}m$, 직경이 각각 $50{\mu}m,\;20{\mu}m$인 2가지 형태의 via을 형성하였다. DRIE로 via가 형성된 Si wafer위에 IMP System으로 Cu의 Si으로 확산을 막기 위한 Ta층과 전해도금의 씨앗층인 Cu층을 형성하였다. Via시편은 직류, 펄스-역펄스의 전류 파형과 억제제, 가속제, 억제제의 첨가제를 모두 사용하여 filling을 시도하였고, 공정 후 via의 단면을 경면 가공하여 SEM으로 관찰하였다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.541-552
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• 2020

With the increasing tension of current coal resources and the increasing depth of coal mining, the gob-side entry retaining technology has become a preferred coal mining method in underground coal mines. Among them, the technology of the gob-side entry retaining with the high-water filling material can not only improve the recovery rate of coal resources, but also reduce the amount of roadway excavation. In this paper, based on the characteristics of the high-water filling material, the technological process of gob-side entry retaining with the high-water filling material is introduced. The early and late stress states of the filling body formed by the high-water filling materials are analyzed and studied. Taking the 8th floor No.3 working face of Xin'an coal mine as engineering background, the stress and displacement of surrounding rock of roadway with different filling body width are analyzed through the FLAC^3D numerical simulation software. As the filling body width increases, the supporting ability of the filling body increases and the deformation of the surrounding rock decreases. According to the theoretical calculation and numerical simulation of the filling body width, the filling body width is finally determined to be 3.5m. Through the field observation, the deformation of the surrounding rock of the roadway is within the reasonable range. It is concluded that the gob-side entry retaining with the high-water filling material can control the deformation of the surrounding rock, which provides a reference for gob-side entry retaining technology with similar geological conditions.