• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.6
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• pp.227-266
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• 2001

These days the use of personal computer has become generalized at factory, office, house, etc and this fact indicates that visual display terminal work became popular in every field of our society. The use of computer improves work efficiency, productivity & qualify but in addition, it also generated the physical and mental diseases or defects so called VDT syndrome to workers. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the computer-work-related anti-physical, anti-psychogenic symptoms & side effects through the data drawn from workers who use computers on their works, and to find out methods of improvement & humanization of computer works. The follows are the results of questions about personal sensibility of VDT syndrome. 1. Female workers are more sensitive to the side effects of computer labor than males. 2. Workers aged twenties feel more severe symptoms of VDT syndrome than thirties or fourties, but there are no level of significance. 3. Middle managements workers are the most sensitive group to VDT syndrome, on the other hand tow managements are less sensitive than operators. 4. The result of questions indicates that a phone conductress show more severe VDT syndrome symptoms than business affairs or an engineer workers, with level of significance. 5. The longer computer work engagement period, the more evident VDT syndrome symptoms appear. For instance, workers who have more than 2 year engagement period complain more severe symptoms, compared workers who have less than 2 year engagement period. 6. Long computer working time per day also increases VDT syndrome severity specially people who have more than 2 hours in working time in a day have much less severe symptoms, compared people whose daily working time exceeds 2 hours. 7. Specific body part which shows VDT syndrome symptoms is shoulder, wrist, neck, finger, eye, waist, arm in the order of severity. 8. Sensibility of VDT syndrome symptoms have effect on degree of vocational satisfaction.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.1-19
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• 2012

This paper estimated the first-born effects on wage among wage and salary workers born in 1954 to 1973 with the 2003 KLIPS data set. The first-born effect on wage was estimated as 7.3% with the parsimoniously specified wage function using age and gender. Adding various variables as independent variables, the effects were estimated statistically insignificantly differently, the effect was estimated as 7.6% with adding education, tenure, marital status, father's education, the number of siblings, and health. The effect is not statistically significantly different from that of the parsimoniously specified wage function. We estimated the first-born effects of male, and female wage and salary workers separately. The first-born effects of male wage and salary workers were estimated as 5.9~8.8%. The first-born effects of female wage and salary workers were estimated as 8.8~9.9%.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.41-49
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• 2020

Background: We performed this study to investigate the inequalities in site-specific cancer incidences among workers across different occupations in Korea. Methods: Subjects included members of the national employment insurance. Incident cancers among 8,744,603 workers were followed from 1995 to 2007. Occupational groups were classified according to the Korean Standard Occupational Classification. Age-standardized incidence rate ratios were calculated. Results: We found that men in service/sales and blue-collar occupations had elevated rates of esophageal, liver, laryngeal, and lung cancer. Among women, service/sales workers had elevated incidences of cervical cancer. Male prostate cancer, female breast, corpus uteri, and ovarian cancers, as well as male and female colorectal, kidney, and thyroid cancer showed lower incidences among workers in lower socioeconomic occupations. Conclusions: Substantial differences in cancer incidences were found depending on occupation reflecting socioeconomic position, in the Korean working population. Cancer prevention policy should focus on addressing these socioeconomic inequalities.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.37 no.12 s.142
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• pp.125-140
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• 1999

This study aimed to examine the sexual discrimination in the labor market. For this purpose, this study compared the work conditions, perception of sexual discrimination in the work place and job satisfaction by sex, and showed some effects of the independent variables on the two dependent variables; the perception of sexual discrimination in the work place and job satisfaction. The data were from KLFI(1995)'s National data and two OLS (Ordinary Least Square) Regression models were used. The results of this study were as follows. There were significant differences in the working conditions between two sex groups. The perception of sexual discrimination in the work place was a little low and the difference by sex was not found. The variables related to the work were more important to predict the perception of sexual discrimination in the work place rather than the general characteristics of the sample. The male workers were more satisfied with their work than the female workers. The satisfaction of their work was significantly different by the variables related to the work.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.21-40
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• 2014

This qualitative study focused on the motives and patterns of child care leave by analyzing its facilitating and constraining factors. Fourteen participants were interviewed in-depth using non-structured interview questions. Motives for child care leave include mothers' active choice, mothers' inevitable secondary choice, and mothers' instrumental choice. The patterns of child care leave in terms of total period, time, and distribution vary according to individual circumstances and occupational culture surrounding child care leave for female workers. Female workers will occasionally use this child care leave as a rare opportunity to take a rest during their labor lifecycle and to achieve work-family balance.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.125-139
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• 1998

This study investigates work loads and coping strategies of the married female production workers(MFPW). The data of 370 MFPW in manufacturing sector in Taegu are collected by using a questionare in August 1995 The findings of this study are as follow: 1) The results of objective work loads assessed time dairy show that the average working hours is 14.25 hours during weekdays. The respondents spend 11.5 hours and 2.75 hours on doing paid and household work respectively,. The shortage of phisiological and leisure time due to spending excessively long time on work. 2) MFPW perceive the severe subjective work loads in the areas of personal family and social life. The perceived burden from paid work itself is relatively low due to the nature of their job. 3) The coping strategies MFPW actually adopted are limited mostly to those from an individual domain such as shortening the time for sleep leisure or household labor.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.24 no.3 s.35
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• pp.279-286
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• 1991

Much of the working population in developing countries are engaged in shift work now and the number of shift workers is not expected to decrease in the future mostly because the need for continuity of production is increasing. Therefore, the possible effects of shift work on health are of particular interest, and in fact, there have been many epidemiological studies on shift work since the first world war. However, no studies on health effects of shift work have been reported in Korea, and the existing studies in western world have arrived at quite different conclusions mainly because the conditions of work other than shift work, such as age and selection of workers, work environment, and labor conditions also influence the health of workers. This study was firstly carried out in Korea to investigate the health risks related to shift work with 2,093 female workers randomly selected from three major manufacturing industries in proportion to total number of female workers in those industries. Differences of work conditions other than shift work in this study were adjusted by multivariate analysis. Ma findings obtained from this study are as follows : 1. There were significant differences between shift and day workers in the distribution of age, type of industry, condition of noise and dust, regularity of mealtime, working position, and working duration. Shift workers tended to be younger, to have shorter working duration, to have more irregular mealtime, to work in standing position, and to work under more noisy and dusty environment than day workers. 2. Univariate analysis showed that shift work increased the Todai Health Index (THI) scores of digestive tract, respiratory tract, and mental instability symptom categories. Shift work also increased days of sickness absence and number of industrial accident per 100 workers per month. 3. Multivariate analysis that adjusted the differences of demographic, occupational and non-occupational health-related working conditions showed that digestive tract symptom and mental instability symptom scores were significantly higher in shift workers than those in day workers. Based on these study results, it is concluded that the shift work has significant effects on some psychophysiological conditions of the workers and the effects are also influenced by several other personal and working conditions.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.346-351
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• 2018

Objective: This study aims to provide information needed to determine the wages paid for replacement labor for work lost following accidents in agricultural operations. Methods: Visits and interviews were conducted with 171 farmers who experienced a loss of at least one day of work due to an agricultural workplace accident. Results: It was found that only 35.1% of the study participants hired replacement labor, and more replacement labor was hired in greenhouse and fruit workplaces than in open field work. The mean number of days of hiring replacement labor was 14.6 days, and no significant differences were found between the national average wage and the surveyed value, while female workers were paid less than their male counterparts. Conclusions: The results from this study would be of help in determining a reasonable level of compensation for lost work.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.55-66
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• 2015

In the perspective of industrial health management, it is important for the employee to decrease their job stress, to improve their productivity and quality of labor. In this study, the job stress, and it's influence on PWI(Psychosocial Wellbeing Index) were investigated by the questionnaire survey of 138 industrial workers who had studied assistive technology in college. The contents of questionnaire consist of the demographic characteristics, job-related characteristics, job stress and psycho-social stress. We evaluated job stress by KOSS-SF(Korean Occupational Stress Scale-Sort Form) and psychosocial stress by PWI-SF(Psychosocial Well-being Index-Short Form). To analyze the results, we evaluated the exposure level of KOSS and PWI by demographic characteristics and job-related characteristics using significance tests. Also, we estimated the relationship among demographic characteristics, job-related characteristics, job stress and psychosocial stress, using correlation analysis. As a results, all workers were found to be in a group under the high risky stress. It showed that the scale index of female's job non-autonomy and pwi were much larger than those of male's. Therefore, to guarantee job autonomy of female workers should be more emphasized, to improve their working environment. Job type had significant relationships with many job stress category; physical environment, job demand, job instability and organization culture. Regarding pwi, the scale index of the workers who is in charge of the civil service such as contacting the disabled and the aged in person, were much larger than that of the other workers. Accordingly, the job stress management program including physical environment, job demand, job instability and organization culture, should be suggested, to decrease the stress of the workers in charge of the disabled and the elders service. The strongest predictors of pwi was organization system through maximum positive relations between organization system and pwi. Therefore, it indicates that improvement of organization system such as a fair merit rating, a manpower supply, demand plan and department cooperation is urgently needed to reduce pwi.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.59-71
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• 2019

Korea's average annual working hours are among the highest in the OECD. Such long-term work has been a factor that reduces the quality of life by discouraging workers' productivity and interrupting the compatibility of work and family, prompting the government to encourage flexible work systems, such as increasing part-time jobs, but a lack of quality part-time jobs. Part-time work enables flexible labor for workers, but at the same time, workers will involuntarily opt for part-time work as they have poor working conditions and negative social views. In this respect, the effect of the working type on an individual's life is expected to be different. In addition, for women, gender gaps exist in the labor market and the impact of part-time work on life satisfaction is expected to differ from men in terms of working and family alike. Using the data from the 2017 "Seoul Survey Urban Policy Indicator Survey", the ordered logistic regression model was used to analyze the cross-effect of working type and sex on satisfaction. The analysis of the study showed that when other factors were controlled, life satisfaction was high in the order of fulltime female, full-time male, part-time female, and part-time male. In addition, further analysis shows that the parttime female workers have the highest probability of choosing low life satisfaction, while the probability of choosing high life satisfaction is the lowest, and full-time male workers have the lowest probability of choosing low life satisfaction, while the highest probability of choosing high life satisfaction is the highest.