• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2017

Vaccinium angustifolium, commonly known as the lowbush blueberry, is a rich source of flavonoids, with which various human physiological activities have been associated. The present study focuses on the investigation of the effect of the methanolic extract of V. angustifolium root extract (VAE) on high affinity immunoglobulin E receptor ($Fc{\varepsilon}RI$) ${\alpha}$ chain antibody (CRA-1)-induced allergic reaction in human basophilic KU812F cells. The total phenolic content of VAE was found to be $170{\pm}1.9mg$ gallic acid equivalents/g. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that the cell surface expression of $Fc{\varepsilon}RI$ was suppressed in a concentration-dependent manner upon culture with VAE. Reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that the mRNA level of the $Fc{\varepsilon}RI$ ${\alpha}$ chain was reduced in a concentration-dependent manner as a result of VAE treatment. Western blot analysis revealed that the protein expression of $Fc{\varepsilon}RI$ and the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) 1/2 were concentration-dependently inhibited by VAE. We determined that VAE inhibited anti-CRA-1-induced histamine release, in addition to the elevation of intracellular calcium concentration ([$Ca^{2+}$]i), in a concentration-dependent manner. These results indicate that VAE may exert an anti-allergic effect via the inhibition of calcium influx and histamine release, which occurs as a result of the down-regulation of $Fc{\varepsilon}RI$ expression through inhibition of ERK 1/2 activation.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.331-347
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• 1997

In order to investigate the effects of YOOKMIJIHWANGTANG, GAMIJIHWANGTANG and PALMIJIHWANGTANG on the various immune responses, the chemotactic, adherent, nitric oxide release ability of macrophages were studied in vivo and in vitro. The results obtained were follows : 1. The total number of peritoneal exudate cells from mice injected with three drugs were 2~3 times more than those from the PBS. 2. The administration of three drugs enhanced significantly the Fc receptor mediated activity(phagocytosis, rosette formation activity). 3. The administration of three drugs enhanced significantly the chemotactic activity of peritoneal macrophages. 4. The administration of three drugs enhanced significantly the adherent activity of macrophages and neutrophils. 5. The administration of GAMIJIHWANGTANG and PALMIJIHWANGTANG enhanced significantly the chemotatic activity of macrophages (p<0.01). And also the administration of YOOKMIJIHWANGTANG enhanced significantly the chemotatic activity of macrophages(p<0.05). 6. The administration of GAMIJIHWANGTANG and enhanced significantly the chemotatic activity of neutrophils(p<0.01). And also the administration of YOOKMIJIHWANGTANG and PALMIJIHWANGTANG enhanced significantly the chemotatic activity of neutrophils(p<0.05). From above findings, it is suggested that YOOKMIJDTWANGTANG, GAMIJIHWANGTANG and PALMIJIHWANGTANG seems to produce the increase of immune response such as the Fc receptor activity, chemotactic activity, adherent activity, nitrate release of macrophages. From the above results, the GAMIJIHWANGTANG among three drugs may be the most useful drug having immunostimulating effects.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.118-127
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• 2021

Objective The purpose of this study was to confirm the effect of Scutellaria baicalensis extract on skin damage recovery and inflammation relief in atopic dermatitis-induced mice through Endocannabinoid system (ECS) control. Methods 6-week-old Balb/C mice were divided into control group (Ctrl), atopic dermatitis induced group (ADE), palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) administered group after atopic dermatitis induced (PEAT), and Scutellaria baicalensis extract administered group after atopic dermatitis induced (SBT). Seven animals were assigned for each group. After drug administration for 3 weeks after inducing atopic dermatitis, Claudin and 8-OHdG were observed to confirm the recovery of the skin damage in each group. To confirm ECS regulation, CB1, CB2, and GPR55 were observed. To confirm the anti-inflammatory effect, Fc ε receptor, and MMP-9 was observed. Results Claudin positive reaction was significantly increased in SBT compared to ADE and PEAT. 8-OHdG positive reaction was significantly decreased in SBT compared to ADE and PEAT. CB1, CB2, and GPR55 positive responses were significantly increased in SBT compared to ADE and PEAT. Fc ε receptor and MMP-9 positivity were significantly decreased in SBT compared to ADE and PEAT. Conclusion It was confirmed that the Scutellaria baicalensis extract can reduce the inflammation of atopic dermatitis by restoring the structural damage of the skin lipid barrier through ECS activity.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.117-125
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• 1992

Mycobacterium (M) bovis 를 인공감염시킨 개에 있어서 BCG의 전처치효과를 in vivo 및 in vitro에서 검토하였다. 개들은 BCG 전처치군, M bovis 단독처치군, 비감염대조군의 세군으로 나누었다. BCG는 M bovis 복강접종 3주일전에 0.2ml를 피내접종하였다. 결핵균 투여 4개월후에 전군을 도살하여 실험에 사용하였다. 도살시 모든 처치군에서 감염이 확인되었다. 병리조직학적으로 BCG전처치군의 폐장내에서는 경도의 macrophage의 침윤과 소상의 육아종 형성이 관찰되였으나 M bovis 단독처치군에 있어서는 보다 고도의 macrophage의 침윤, 중등도의 호중구의 침윤 및 중등도의 육아종의 형성이 확인되었다. 각 동물의 기관지폐포세정액을 분리하여 그 속의 총세포수와 각 세포의 분획을 검토하였다. 비감염 대조군의 기관지폐포세정액내의 총세포수는 두 처치군보다 훨씬 낮았으며 M bovis 단독처치군의 총세포수는 BCG 전처치군보다 1.8배 높았다. 이 세정액으로부터 폐포 macrophage를 분리배양하여 macrophage의 활성능과 결핵균의 증식능을 관찰하였다. BCG처치군은 M bovis 단독처치군에 비하여 높은 Fc receptor 활성(rosette 형성능, 탐식능)과 낮은 결핵균의 증식이 관찰되었다. 그러나 BCG의 전처치는 결핵균을 killing하지는 못하였다. 개에게 BCG를 전처치하면 폐내에 극소수의 결핵균이 지속적으로 잔존하지만 폐포 macrophage는 이미 항결핵성면역능을 지닌채로 계속 활성화된 상태로 존재하기 때문에 결핵에 대하여 예방효과를 갖는다고 사료된다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.130-135
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• 2006

Objective : After ischemic stroke, partial recovery of function frequently occurs and may depend on the plasticity of axonal connections. Here, we examine whether blockade of the Nogo/NogoReceptor[NgR] pathway might enhance axonal sprouting and thereby recovery after focal brain infarction. Methods : Adult male Sprague Dawley rats weighing $250{\sim}350g$ were used. Left middle cerebral artery occlusion[MCAO] was induced with a intraluminal filament. An osmotic mini pump [Alzet 2ML4, Alza Scientific Products, Palo Alto, CA] for the infusion of NgR-Ecto[310]-Fc to block Nogo/NgR pathway was implanted 1 week after cerebral ischemia. Prior to induction of ischemia, all animals received training in the staircase and rotarod test. Two weeks after biotin dextran amine injection, animals were perfused transcardially with PBS, followed by 4% paraformadehyde/PBS solution. Brain and cervical spinal cord were dissected. Eight coronal sections spaced at 1mm intervals throughout the forebrain of each animal with cresyl violet acetate for determination of infarction size. Images of each section were digitized and the infarct area per section was measured with image analysis software. Results : Histological examination at 11 weeks post-MCAO demonstrates reproducible stroke lesions and no significant difference in the size of the stroke between the NgR[310]Ecto-Fc protein treated group and the control group. Behavioral recovery is significantly better and more rapid in the NgR-Ecto[310]-Fe treated group. Blockade of NgR enhances axonal sprouting from the uninjured cerebral cortex and improves the return of motor task performance. Conclusion : Pharmacological interruption of NgR allows a greater degree of axonal plasticity in response this is associated with improved functional recovery of complicated motor tasks.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.87-96
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• 2022

Objective The purpose of this study was to confirm the effect of Sabaek-san extract on skin damage recovery and inflammation relief in atopic dermatitis-induced mice through Endocannabinoid system (ECS) control. Methods In this study, we used 6-week-old NC/Nga mice were divided into 4 group: control group (Ctrl), lipid barrier elimination group (LBEG), palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) treated group after lipid barrier elimination (PEAG), and Sabaek-san extract treatment group after lipid barrier elimination (SBSG). Each group was assigned 10 animals. After drug administration of three weeks duration following lipid barrier elimination, cannabinoid receptor (CB) 1, CB2, CD (Cluster of Differentiation) 68, phosphorylated inhibitor kappa B (p-IκB), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), Fc ε receptor, substance P and serotonin were observed to confirm the regulation of the ECS, macrophage activity and mast cell activity. Results We found that 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OXdG) positive reaction was significantly lower in the SBST group than in LBET and PEAT groups. Both CB1 and CB2 showed higher positive reactions in the SBST group than in the LBET and PEAT. CD68, p-IκB, iNOS, Fc ε receptor, Substance P and serotonin showed lower positive reaction in the SBST compared to the LBET and PEAT. Conclusion It was confirmed that the Sabaek-san extract can reduce the inflammation of atopic dermatitis by restoring the structural damage of the skin lipid barrier through ECS activity.

• 한국키틴키토산학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.277-284
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 제주 자생해조류인 감태로부터 제조한 ethyl acetate 분획물의 비만 세포에 대한 항알러지 활성에 관한 연구를 수행하였다. IgE/BSA로 활성화시킨 비만 세포에서 EC-EtoAc는 세포 독성 없이 비만 세포의 탈과립 지표로 사용되는 ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase의 분비 뿐만 아니라 알러지 유발성 케모카인(TARC)과 사이토카인(IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, IFN-${\gamma}$ 및 TNF-${\alpha}$)의 mRNA 발현을 억제하였다. 또한, EC-EtoAc는 비만 세포의 표면 리셉터인 $Fc{\varepsilon}RI$의 발현 및 IgE와 $Fc{\varepsilon}RI$의 결합능을 감소시켰다. 이 모든 결과로부터, 감태 유래 분획물인 EC-EtoAc가 활성화된 비만 세포에서 $Fc{\varepsilon}RI$의 발현 및 IgE와 $Fc{\varepsilon}RI$의 결합능을 감소시킴으로써 알러지 유발성 매개 인자들의 분비와 발현 등을 감소시켜 항알러지 효능을 가진다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 이 연구 결과는 EC-EtoAc가 항알러지 효능을 보이는 천연 소재로서 이용가치가 있다는 것을 제시한다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.198-205
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• 2017

Background: There are a million ragpickers in India who gather and trade recyclable municipal solid wastes materials for a living. The objective of this study was to examine whether their occupation adversely affects their immunity. Methods: Seventy-four women ragpickers (median age, 30 years) and 65 age-matched control housemaids were enrolled. Flow cytometry was used to measure leukocyte subsets, and leukocyte expressions of $Fc{\gamma}$ receptor I (CD64), $Fc{\gamma}RIII$ (CD16), complement receptor 1 (CD35) and CR3 (CD11b/CD18), and CD14. Serum total immunoglobulin-E was estimated with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Compared with the controls, ragpickers had significantly (p < 0.0001) higher levels of CD8-T-cytotoxic, CD16+CD56+natural killer, and CD4+CD45RO+memory T-cells, but depleted levels of CD19+B-cells. The percentage of CD4+T-helper-cells was lower than the control group (p < 0.0001), but their absolute number was relatively unchanged (p = 0.42) due to 11% higher lymphocyte counts in ragpickers. In ragpickers, the percentages of CD14+CD16+intermediate and CD14dim CD16+nonclassical monocyte subsets were elevated with a decline in CD14+CD16-classical monocytes. The expressions of CD64, CD16, CD35, and CD11b/CD18 on both monocytes and neutrophils, and CD14 on monocytes were significantly higher in ragpickers. In addition, ragpickers had 2.7-times more serum immunoglobulin-E than the controls (p < 0.0001). After controlling potential confounders, the profession of ragpicking was positively associated with the changes. Conclusion: Ragpicking is associated with alterations in both innate (neutrophils, monocytes, and natural killer cell numbers and expression of complement and $Fc{\gamma}$ receptors) and adaptive immunity (numbers of circulating B cells, helper, cytotoxic, and memory T cells).

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.437-442
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• 2007

본 연구는 축산과학원에서 보유중인 듀록 품종내에서 MC4R 유전자의 SNP 발현 특성과 육종가에 의한 선발 후 MC4R 유전자 빈도의 변화 및 경제형질에 대한 유전자형간 육종가의 차이를 구명하고자 수행하였다. 1999년부터 2005년까지 검정된 검정성적을 바탕으로 일당증체량, 등지방두께, 90kg 도달일령 및 사료요구율에 대하여 유전력과 유전상관 및 육종가를 추정하였으며, 2003년과 2004년에 출생한 660두에 대한 혈액을 채취하여 MC4R 유전자에 대한 유전자형 및 대립유전자 분석을 실시하였다. 또한 육종가에 의한 선발 후 유전자의 빈도변화를 세대별 그리고 선발군 및 도태군에 대하여 분석하였으며, 육종가의 분석결과를 이용하여 MC4R의 유전자형 효과를 보았다. 분석결과 육종가를 근거하여 선발한 MC4R 유전자형은 세대당 그리고 선발군과 도태군에서 차이를 보였으며, 각 형질별 육종가의 분산분석결과 사료요구율을 제외한 기타 경제형질에서 유의적으로 MC4R 유전자의 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. MC4R 유전자의 효과에 대한 보고는 상이한 부분도 있지만 자체 축군에 대한 다형성 분석 및 경제형질과의 연관성 분석에 의하여 축군 및 개량하고자 하는 경제형질에 따라 표지 유전인자로 활용하여 선발반응 및 정확도를 높일 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 1997년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.80-80
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• 1997

The object of this study was to develop a gene therapy strategy for ovarian cancer. We have previously shown that AV with a L-plastin (LP) promoter infects breast and ovarian cancer cells and expressed ${\beta}$-galactosidase cDNA in preference to normal fibroblast cells and hematopoietic cells. We now report on the cytotoxicity of Ad.LP.CD, an AV carrying a CD cDNA which converts the pro-drug, 5-Fluorocytosine (5-FC) into the toxic drug 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU). Infection of Ad.LP.CD into either 293 cells or ovarian cancer cells generated the functional CD as measured by HPLC analysis. Using a ratio of AV to OVCAR3 cell of 100 and a 5-FC concentration of 100 ${\mu}$M, we achieve an over 95 % of cell growth inhibition. We are using flow cytometry analysis for ${\beta}$ -galactosidase and ovarian cancer associated folate receptor to screen primary ascites samples for infectivity after infection with an adenoviral vector, i.e., Ad.LP.LacZ. This vector system may be of value in the treatment of microscopic disease of ovarian cancer in the peritoneal cavity.