• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.24 no.2 s.80
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• pp.177-193
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to develop a program which aims at providing a better understanding of parenthood, establishing a desirable value of being a parent and preparing for being a good father positively affecting children, and determine effects of the program on unmarried men who are in the so-called stage of 'not belonged youth'. The program consisted of 5 sessions titled 'My father, 'I will be a father, too', 'Being a good father I', 'Being a good father II' and 'I will be a respectable father'. 7 unmarried men surveyed here were asked to participate in the program held at B church located in Busan from Oct. 3 to Nov. 7, 2004, with 1 session a week and 120 minutes per session based. Before and after the program, tests were carried out with the father acceptance-rejection scale and the scale of confidence in father's role'. For each of the sessions, a process evaluation was performed. Results of the study can be summarized as follows. First, the pre- and post-tests with the father acceptance-rejection scale showed some changed recognition that father's attitude of child raising would be more acceptable and unrejectable. This indicates that the program made some achievements in relation to understanding and reestablishing relations with father. Second, significant differences were found in confidence in father's role between before and after the program. Especially, anxiety about father's role as a sub-area of such confidence was most considerably reduced. In conclusion, such objectives of the program as removing vague anxiety about father's role, establishing a desirable view of fatherhood and improving confidence about being a father proved to be achievable through getting skills of child understanding with the concept of developmental perspective and narrative therapy based.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.103-123
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• 2019

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating role of the father's play participation in the relationship between father playfulness and father-child intimacy. Methods: We conducted a survey of 500 fathers with 3~5 years olds attending kindergartens and located in Seoul and Gyeonggi province. Father's Playfulness Scale, Father's Play Participation Scale, and Father-Child Intimacy Scale were used as data measuring tools. The data collected in this study were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 Program. Results: As a result of examining sub-variables of play participation among fathers, it turned out that mediating effects occurred in physical play, role play, and function play. Conclusion/Implications: The results of this study suggest the necessity of developing a father education program to increase the intimacy between father and child as the role of father becomes increasingly important in the age of co-parenting.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.301-317
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• 2006

This study investigated parenting stress and requests for parent education by fathers with infants and preschool children. Subjects were 220 fathers. Data were analyzed by factor analysis and ANOVA. Results showed that middle class fathers whose wife had a job outside the home experienced more stress. Sex of child was a significant variable. : fathers with daughters expressed more requests for a father education program for a father education program, from highest to lowest, were for methods of childcare, the development of a child, guidance for discipline in daily life, relationship with their partner, and the fathers' role.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.179-191
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• 2014

Parents are one of the principal agents of education along with students and teachers. The father, who is also a member of the educational community, plays a role in and has responsibility for his children's education. But, in Korea, as mothers are largely responsible for the children's care and education, fathers' school involvement has not been treated as a research subject. However, changes in family structure and function have challenged the notion of the father's traditional role. Recently, the father who participates actively in the rearing and education of his child has emerged as a new trend of the father model. It has been proven through many studies that the father's involvement has unique positive effects on his children, a phenomenon known as the "father effect". This research investigates the father's school involvement through focus group interviews with fathers. The results showed that the father's school participation rate was not high, while the father's desire for school participation was very high. These results are explained by the situation of fathers having no time or pathway to participate in their children's school. In order to enable fathers' participation, leave for school participation needs to be implemented and the development of fathers' activities is necessary. A father education program is needed to bring about changes resulting in fathers' greater participation in their children's education. This study suggests policy implications for supporting fathers' school involvement.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.392-400
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify influences of child-rearing attitude and parent-school age communication on self-efficacy of 5th and 6th graders. Methods: Data were collected using questionnaires from 460 5th and 6th graders in S city. The data were analyzed using SPSS WIN program. Results: There were significant differences in child-rearing attitude according to gender, mother's level of education, perceived atmosphere and religion. Self-efficacy was significantly correlated with school record, family income, mother's level of education, father's level of education, and perceived atmosphere. There were significant differences in communication with father according to father's level of education, and perceived atmosphere. Communication with mother was significantly correlated with father's level of education, mother's level of education and perceived atmosphere. The relative influence toward the children's self-efficacy shown in the order of importance was as follows; child-rearing attitude, school record, communication with mother, communication with father, father's level of education, family income. Conclusion: From the study, self-efficacy appears to be influenced by multiple factors such as child-rearing attitude, school record, communication with mother, communication with father, father's level of education, and family income.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.207-225
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• 2012

This study examined the meanings of reflective utterances fathers regarding their paternal role and the relationship of this to the process of a reflective parent education program for fathers whose children had been referred to psychotherapy. The subjects were 2 fathers aged in their late-thirties of 2 children with emotional behavioral problems. The father education program consisted of contents based on object relation theory. The reflective dialogues between fathers and the parent educator in the process of the program were analyzed. The meanings of the reflective utterances made by the fathers were indicated to be the understanding of the relationship between child's problematic behaviors and family dynamics, a reflection on their oppressive child rearing behaviors, the awareness of the necessity for emotional exchange with family members, the importance of cooperation between both the mother and father when it comes to child rearing, and the values at the heart of being together with children. The implications of the results were also discussed.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.59-72
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• 1997

The first purpose of this study was to give the basic imformations about patent education for fathers. The second purpose was to develop the parenting skills by examining role frequencies of fathers. The third purpose was to reduce the parenting difficulties of father in daily life. The contents of the study was 1. the expectaion and practice of father's role 2. frequencies and difficulties in performing role for daily life 3. socioeconomic factors to affect father's role 4. the correlation between frequencies and difficulties in performing role 5. the correlation among role areas and life satisfaction in father's role The subjects were 520 fathers from 11 cities of Korea. The instruments used for their study were questionnaire composed of socioeconmic factors, the recognition of father's role, child rearing, day-to-day guidance, academic guidance, leisure and hobby, commuication and emotion, economic support etc. The data were analyized using t-test, F-test(LSD), Pearson's correlation by SPSS $PC^+$ program. The main results of the study were as follows: 1. Fathers recognized that desirable fathers are attentive to their children and guide them in the right way. 2. Among father's role frequencies, the communication and emotion was highest and child rearing and academic guidance were the lowest. Among father's role difficulties, economic support was the highest, and dat-to day guidance was the lowest. 3. The socio-economic factors to affect fathering and role difficulties were mother's job, father's home town, age, income, academic career etc. 4. The correlation between father's role frequencies and difficulties was very high. 5. For father's role frequencies and difficulties, each factor was parenting correlated to life satisfaction.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.11-27
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to identify the content of programs that fathers require and their needs with regard to the implementation of such programs. This research was conducted using survey questionnaires. The subjects of the study are fathers with children aged between seven and nine. A total of 688 subjects were selected from 800 samples. The survey on the needs for educational programs for fathers reveals that the respondents have more than average interest in each program. The needs of the content of programs vary. depending on the income levels and fathers' jobs. They prefer to take less than a month-long program where they meet a total of 4 times. They prefer taking the program during weekdays and want to have a class with less than 20 people. We should diversify objectives and education content of parental education so that individuals can choose the program they need and actually apply what they have teamed in real life.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.419-429
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• 2016

Purpose: This study investigated the effects of father's occupational stress and rearing attitude on rearing participation. Methods: The participants of this study were 201 fathers who are raising children in J region. The data were collected by self-report using questionnaires from August to September, 2015. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient, Scheffe test, and stepwise multiple linear regression with the SPSS/WIN 21.0 program. Results: The total mean scores of occupational stress on the subjects were 40.98(${\pm}8.36$), rearing attitude were $68.54({\pm}7.18$), rearing participation were $73.16({\pm}11.34$). The study showed that occupational stress is negatively correlated with rearing participation and rearing attitude positively correlated with rearing participation. Working style and rearing attitude were identified of rearing participation. Conclusion: A father's rearing participation level was influenced by father's attitude of caring children above all. In addition, fathers' working styles were also a main factor. Therefore, it is necessary for fathers to learn rearing attitudes in a way that can develop a nursing intervention program to increase their rearing participation level.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.461-488
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• 2013

This study aimed to explore the meanings of fathers' experiences as they participated in educational programs for fathers. In-depth interviews with 3 fathers with children attending elementary school and middle school were implemented to examine their participation experiences in educational programs for fathers and their expectations for educational programs for fathers. The findings of this study showed that fathers wanted opportunities to carry out more active roles with their children instead of passive father roles. They learned interaction with their children and wives through participating in educational programs. The education programs impart a broader perspective and knowledge of father roles, and participation may encourage improvement of their relationships with their children and wives. They felt the importance of father roles in educational programs, which helps a father be a good father. But, they complained about harsh circumstances to participate in educational programs. So educational programs for fathers should be provided to all fathers that are geared to the level and need of each father. Further studies for more revelatory documentation were also suggested.