• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.441-457
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to provide fundamental information for the development of new sex education image media through the analysis of those tools produced by Planned Parenthood Federation of Korea. Twenty three video tapes related to the sex education were analysed. The data were sampled on the basis of the sex education instructions for primary and secondary schools published by the Seoul Office of Education in 1996 and the list of sex education information composed by the Planned Parenthood Federation of Korea with the following requirements. 1) The education materials are oriented to the middle and high school students as well a juveniles and are being used in public health centers and schools. 2) The education materials are not confined to the single subject such as AIDS or contraception. Because this study is focused on the analysis of image media, an analysis method widely and effectively used in public media study was chosen. The frequency analysis and percentage treatment were done by an SAS program. The results of the study are as follows : 1. An analysis of the material structure type showed that the frequency of the following subjects in 15 video tapes, composed as drama and cartoon, had this decreasing orde : sex behavior, sex relation ships, sex health, human development, personal technique, and society and culture. 2. The eight tapes of explanation and counseling showed a different sequence from that of the drama and cartoon material, primarily treating human development with 5419 seconds (47.9%) of type. The following were also considered in decreasing order: at 2000seconds (17.6%) sex behavior, at 1366 seconds (12.1%) sex health, at 1240 seconds (11.0%) society and culture, at 667 seconds (6.0%) relation ships, and at 611 seconds (5.4%) personal technique. 3. In a thematic analysis those education materials dealing with human development show this frequency sequence: anatomic physiology, reproduction, and adolescence. In relation, ships the sequence is dates, love, marriage and vows, and family. For personal technique, it is expressed as asking for help, and an empnasis on moral values. For sex behavior, they focus on abstinence, the co-responsibility of sex behavior, the sexual response of the human, and sexual nightmares. For the sex health area, the focus is contraception with abortion and reproductive health following that. In society and culture diversity is considered. 4. An analysis of the differences in production and content between 1980s and 1990s was also done. For materials produced in the 1980s the frequency of the subjects follows this order: sex behavior, human development, relation ships, sex health, personal technique, and society and culture with sub subjects such as abstinence, dating, adolescence, anatomic physiology, reproduction, calls for help, and the sexual response of a human being. For materials produced in the 1990s, highest frequency was sex behavior, the same as the 1980s. The rest of the material follows this decreasing order: relationships, human development, sex health, society and culture, and personal technique with sub subjects such as dating, co-resposibility in sex behavior, abstinence, and love frequently considered.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.441-449
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• 2008

The genus Lactobacillus is the largest of the genera included in lactic acid bacteria and is associated with mucosal membranes of human and animal. Only a few Lactobacillus plasmid-encoded functions have been discovered and used. In this study, a novel plasmid (pILR091) was isolated from a wild L. reuteri isolated from pig and described the characteristics of its replicons, genetic organization, and relationship with other plasmids. After digestion of the plasmid, pILR091, with SalI, plasmid DNA was cloned into the pQE-30Xa vector and sequenced. The complete sequence was confirmed by the sequencing of PCR products and analyzed with the Genbank database. The isolate copy number and stability were determined by quantitative-PCR. The complete sequence of L. reuteri contained 7,185 nucleotides with 39% G-C content and one cut site by two enzymes, SalI and HindIII. The similar ori sequence of the pC194- rolling circle replication family (TTTATATTGAT) was located 63 bp upstream of the protein replication sequence, ORF 1. Total of five ORFs was identified and the coding sequence represented 4,966 nucleotides (70.4%). ORF1 of pILR091 had a low similarity with the sequence of pTE44. Other ORFs also showed low homology and E-values. The average G-C content of pILR091 was 39%, similar with that of genomic DNA. The copy number of pILR091 was determined at approximately 24 to 25 molecules per genomic DNA. These results suggested that pILR091 might be a good candidate to construct a new vector, which could be used for cloning and expression of foreign genes in lactobacilli.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.126-131
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• 2010

대두가공공정 중 발생하는 부산물인 대두배아 및 대두 단백질을 이용하여 Bifidobacterium lactis BL740의 생균수 및 대두 이소플라본 비배당체 생산 최대화를 위한 배지최적화를 수행하였고 이를 위하여 통계적 방법인 fractional factorial design (FFD) 및 central composite design(CCD)를 이용, 대두 유래 성분들이 포함된 배지 (S-medium)의 최적 조성물을 확언하였다. FFD의 경우 glucose, cellobiose, fructooligosaccharidde, soy peptone, soy protein, 대두배아를 이용 총 6가지 요소를 2수준에서 적용하였으며 이 중 soy protein, soy peptone 그리고 대두 배아가 B. lactis BL740의 균성장 혹은 대두 이소플라본 비배당체 전환에 중요 인자로 확인이 되었다. FFD에서 확인된 3가지 인자를 CCD에 적용하였으며 이를 통해 균성장의 경우 최적의 배지조성함량이 soy peptone 29.55 g/L, soy protein 12.73 g/L, 대두 배아 130.67 g/L로 확인되었으며 비배당체 전환의 경우 soy peptone 1.25 g/L, soy protein 2.06 g/L, 대두 배아 60.02 g/L로 최적화 되었다.

• 한국인구학
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.99-145
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• 1987

장래의 가구변동은 인구의 규모와 구조에 영향을 미치는 출생, 사망의 변동뿐만 아니라 가족에 대한 사회적인 가치관의 변화에서 오는 동거구조 등 가구 자체의 변동과 밀접한 관련이 있다. 이 논문의 목적은 기존의 국내외에서 적용되고 있는 여러 가지 가구추계방법을 검토한 후, 우리 나라에 가장 적합한 가구추계방법을 찾고 이를 적용해보는 데 있다. 추계방법의 선정에 있어서 주의해야 할 점은 우리 나라와 같이 급격한 사회변동을 겪을 경우 장래가구 추계시 사용되는 원자료가 심한 기복을 보이기 때문에 이를 감안하여야 한다는 점이다. 기존 추계방법의 검토 결과 우리 나라에 적합한 가구추계방법으로서 연령별로 이원화된 방법, 즉 가구주의 연령이 34세 이하에 대해서는 지수함수법을, 그리고 35세 이상에 대해서는 순천이율법이 가장 타당한 것으로 나타났으며, 이를 장래 가구추계에 적용해보았다. 그 결과 우리 나라의 가구규모는 1995년 12,956천 가구에서 2030년에는 54%가 증가한 20,006천 가구가 될 것으로 전망되며, 평균가구원수는 1995년 3.3명에서 2030년에는 2.5명 수준으로 낮아질 것으로 전망된다. 우리 나라 장래 가구형태는 1인가구의 급격한 증가와 3세대 이상의 다세대가구는 감소하는 특징을 보이고 있다.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.22-33
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• 1989

Rapid socio-cultural and economic changes in the country has brought with it changes in the society's value system. For a traditional society that is increasingly being exposed to modernization but where sex norms are still very restrictive, the adolescent sexual mores takes on added significance. Adolescents are caught between two opposing forces, the changing environment that allows for freer and liberal mores and the traditional society that cannot keep pace with the changing environment and therefore demands resistance to changes. This paper focuses on problems of adolescent sexuality in this country and considers the countermeasures for the existing problems. Amongst the problems are: (a) increasingly younger age of the adolescents who start sexual intercourse (b) non-use of contraception, (c) unwanted pregnancies, (d) increase in the number of induced abortion and (e) increase in the number of unwanted children and unmarried mothers. The Korean adolescent's sexual behavior seems to follow that of the developed countries. In other words, many western modes of life and sexual values seem to bave been copied in Korea and yet Korean adolescents lack in their knowledge of sex related matters such as reproductive physiology and contraception. Among middle and high school students, female students are reported to have less knowledge on sex than male students according to a 1988 survey by KIPH. Even among the unmarried famale factory workers, only 42.5 percent replied they know of the condom, and 25.1 percent and 23.1 percent said they had knowledge of spermicide and menstrual regulation respectively. However, 14.9 percent and 13.9 percent reported that they had a knowledge of the loop and female sterilization respectively according to the 1984 study by KIPH. Among the middle school students 0.8 percent said they had experience in sexual intercourse, while 7.3 percent of the high school students reported having had sexual intercourse. The sexual intercourse experience rate among the unmarried female factory workers is 37.8 percent. Among those female factory workers with sexual experience, 46.7 percent had more than one sex partners. Only 39.1 percent of male students and 18.9 percent of female students among those with sexual intercourse experience have used contraceptives. mostly condoms and oral pills 45.1 percent of female factory workers with sexual intercourse experience used contraceptives such as pills, condoms and rhythm methods. The pregnancy experience rate among the female factory workers who had experience in sexual intercourse is 29.5 percent, which is 11.1 percent among the total respondents. Out of the 102 pregnant female workers, 98 workers(96.1 percent) terminated their pregnancy by induced abortion and 2 workders(2 percent) in natural abortion, while 1 worker(1 percent) was in pregnancy and another 1 worker had normal birth that was subsequently sent to orphanage. In order to cope with the problem of adolescent sexuality, a drastic and strong policy measures should be taken by the government. The most effective countermeasure to the adolescent sexual problems appears to the education. The sex and population education in the school is very much in need. In addition, sex education program through mass media and at the job sit-should be promoted for a healthy development of adolescents' sexual behavior. Also, the existing national family planning program, which has focused on the married couples, should be extended to the unmarried people in its scope and contents of the program.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.27-36
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• 1980

A dietary survey of 100 children, aged 5 to 6, of Y.C. Kindergarten located in Yowido apartment compound of Seoul, was conducted July 18 to August 21, 1979. The results are summarized as follows: General family environment: Ninety four percent of the subjects were from families having two to three children, without grandparents in the home. One hundred percent of fathers were educated at or above the college level, while 83.9% of mothers had completed college. Mothers' ages ranged from 30 to 40 years, with 58% in the $31{\sim}35$ age bracket. Nearly 60% of the fathers were office and government employees, 10% were professors and teachers, 30% were engaged in businesses and other work, while 91.3% of mothers were unemployed. Anthropometric measurements: Mean values of standing height, body weight, girth of head and girth of chest, ranged from the 75th to the 90th percentile of Korean standards. None of the subjects had anthropometric indicators below the 5th percentile, representing the malnutrition borderline, of the Korean standards; while 12%, 24%, 17% and 14% of subjects supposed the 97th percentile in standing height, body weight, girth of head, and girth of chest, respectively. Furthermore, 58% of subjects exceeded Jelliffe's standard in arm circumferences; 60%, in triceps skinfold thickness; and 14.5% of subjects exceeded 120% of the latter standard. From this data, a certain number of these children were judged to he rather overweight. Dietary intake: Mean intake per day of energy and of nutrients, excluding iron, reached or exceeded Korean recommended dietary allowances. The energy input ratio of carbohydrate: protein: fat was 61.4 : 13.2 : 25.4, showing lower dependance on carbohydrates and higher dependance on fat for energy needs, compared with the average for Korean children of the same age group. Mean FAO-protein score of each subject's diet was shown to be as high as 90.6. Energy intake was divided among breakfast, lunch, and evening meal, on the average, in a ratio of 19.6 : 24.1 : 23.0. Approximately 33.3% of the daily caloric intake came from the snacks. Nutrition Knowledge of mothers: Nutrition knowledge of mothers was highly scored. Mothers' self-evaluations of their knowledge of nutrition was highly correlated with attitudes toward nutrition behavior.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제48권11호
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• pp.1252-1255
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• 2005

TBG 결핍증은 X 염색체 장완의 TBG 유전자의 돌연변이에 의해서 발생하며, 낮은 총 $T_4$와총$T_3$, 정상 유리 $T_4$와 유리 $T_3$, 정상 TSH 농도를 특징으로 한다. 혈청 티록신글로불린 농도에 따라 완전 TBG 결핍증과 부분 TBG 결핍증으로 나눌 수 있으며, 적절하게 진단하지 못하면 불필요한 검사나 치료의 요인이 될 수 있다. 저자들의 완전 TBG 결핍증으로 진단된 2명의 남아에 대하여 TBG 유전자 분석을 시행하였다. 대상아들은 신생아 선별검사에서 측정된 낮은 총 $T_4$ 농도 때문에 내원하였다. 진찰 소견은 정상이었으며, 갑상선 기능 검사 상 유리 $T_4$, TSH 농도는 정상이었다. 방사면역측정법에 의한 혈청 TBG는 측정되지 않았다. 중합효소연쇄반응을 이용하여 4개의 TBG 유전자 엑손을 증폭한 후 자동염기서열분석을 시행하였다. 두 대상아에서 모두 엑손 4의 352번째 codon의 첫 번째 단일 뉴클레오티드 C의 결손에 의한 frameshift 돌연변이로 374번째 codon에 termination codon이 나타난 것을 확인하였다. 대상아의 어머니들에게서는 돌연변이 대립유전자와 정상 대립유전자의 이형접합체를 확인하였다. 한국인 TBG 결핍증의 역학과 유전적 특성을 규명하기 위한 더 광범위한 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.27-44
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• 1999

Obesity in children is a major concern of public health. This study was performed to illuminate its effect on weight control program and the associated factors of obesity-related habits and obesity index in primary school obese children. Weight control program consisted of behavioral modification, nutrition education and exercise during 17 weeks. The sample consisted of treatment group(n=42) and control group(n=41). There was no statistical difference between the two groups in obesity index, socioeconomic status and grade. To assess the effects of weight control program, the subjects were given pre-test and post-test such as the measurement of anthropometric values and self-reporting questionnaire. This result of this study were as follows; 1. After weight control program was applied, there was a significant decrease in obesity index among the treatment group. Obesity-related habits score of the treatment group increased significantly, While there was not much difference between the pre-test and the post-test among the control group. But exercise habit didn't increase significantly in the both groups. 2. Correlation between obesity-related habits and obesity index were not evident. 3. After application of weight control program, the factors associated with change of eating habit were children's past experience of weight control, motivational change toward weight control program and friends' support for treatment group. The factors associated with change of exercise habit were post-test motivation score and friends' support. Motivational change toward weight control and pre-test self-efficacy of exercise behavior were counter-related to exercise habit. For change of other obesity-related habits, initial obesity index, motivational change, post-test self-efficacy score of exercise behavior and paternal educational status were closely associated. But post-test self-efficacy score of eating behavior was unrelated. 4. Only the factor of experience of weight control was associated with change of obesity index. 5. For the both groups, the factors associated with change of eating habits were post-test self-efficacy of eating behavior and family's support. The factors associated with change of exercise behavior were self-efficacy changes of exercise behavior and friends' support. The factors associated with change of other obesity-related habits were self-efficacy change of eating behavior. Initial obesity index was associated with change of obesity index. 6. The rate of dropouts from weight control program was 28.6% (12/42) in treatment group. Initial obesity index, other obesity-related habits except eating exercise habits, friend's support were associated with dropout. In conclusion, these results indicated that weight control program in primary school settings was effective. Direct exercise regimen and practice was demanded. In addition to the program itself, much of the success is dependent on the degree of motivation of the children involved and support provided by their parents and friends. Further study need to be performed under the condition that the weight control progrom is applied for a longer period.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.61-70
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• 1996

Correlations of adolescents' blood pressure with dietary factors and blood or urinary electrolytes were investigated in this study. Through the screening for blood pressures of 960 middle school students aged 13-16 years, 30 students with the mean value of SBP and DBP above 96th percentile(high blood pressure group) and the other 30 with the mean blood pressure between 48th and 52th percentiles(normal blood pressure group) were selected as the subjects. SBP/DBP of the high and talc normal blood pressure groups were $141.8{\pm}9.0$ / $83.6{\pm}5.1$ mmHg and $116.4{\pm}3.5$ / $69.8{\pm}3.7 mmHg$, respectively. The average values of age, weight, height, BMI, degree of relative crude physical activity, and family income were not different between two groups. Among nutrients for which intakes were determined by 24 hour-recall and expressed as percent RDA, intakes of total and animal calcium were lower in the high blood pressure group compared to the normal, and were negatively correlated with both SBP and DBP even when the effects of related general and other dietary factors were excluded. Whereas energy, total, animal and vegetable protein, total and animal lipid, and riboflavin were higher in intake in the high blood pressure group than in fille normal, and they were in positive correlations with SBP and/or DBP. Vitamin A and ascorbic acid intakes were also negatively correlated with DBP, though ascorbic acid intake was not different between two groups. High blood pressure group preferred higher concentration of thin rice gruel than normal group and talc preferred salt concentrations was ill positive correlation with SBP. Serum and urinary levels of Ca, Mg, Ca/Mg ratio, Na, K and Na/K ratio did not show any differences between two groups. However serum Ca/Mg retio was in negative and se겨m Mg was ill positive correlations with SBP, and urinary Na excretion was negatively correlated with SBP. Calcium intake showed negative correlation with serum Ha and Na/K ratio. Our data indicated that dietary intake of Ca, energy, protein, lipid, vitamin A and C as well as salt preference were associated with blood pressure in adolescents. It might be assumed that Ca lowered blood pressure by increasing serum Ca/Mg ratio and decreasing serum Ca/K ratio though urinary excretion of Na.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.595-611
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• 2017

본 연구는 대학생이 인식하는 가족주의가 노화불안과 노인연령집단 태도에 미치는 영향과 효 의식의 매개효과를 검증하는 것이다. 연구의 분석을 위해 경기도 성남, 안양, 인천, 그리고 서울에 소재한 대학교에 재학 중인 대학생 200명을 대상으로 구조화된 설문지를 사용하여 2016년 5월 2일부터 6월 28일 까지 설문 조사하여 불완전 응답 34부를 제외한 166부를 분석에 사용하였다. 분석결과 첫째, 가족주의, 노화불안, 노인 연령집단 태도, 효 의식 변인 간의 상관관계를 확인하였으며, 변인간의 다중공선성은 VIF 값의 수치를 사용하여 확인하였다. 둘째, 대학생이 인식하는 가족주의가 노화불안, 노인연령집단 태도에 미치는 영향을 확인하였다. 셋째, 대학생이 인식하는 가족주의가 노화불안에 미치는 영향에서 효의식의 부분매개효과를 확인하였다. 또한 매개효과 유의성 확인을 위해 Sobel이 제안한 Sobel Test를 실시하였다. 본 연구는 고령화 사회의 대학생이 인식하는 가족주의가 노화불안에 미치는 영향에서 효 의식의 매개효과 검증을 토대로 핵가족 고령화 사회의 대학생과 노인세대 간의 가족주의 및 효 의식의 함양과 미래에 야기되는 대학생의 노화불안 감소를 위한 사회복지개입실천의 필요성을 제언하였다.