• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.337-347
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• 2011

Purpose: Purposes of this study were to develop a community-based respite program for family caregivers and to test the effects of the program. Methods: Focus group interviews were performed to extract meaning of respite care for family caregivers (13 participants) and a survey was done to identify respite needs of family caregivers (157 participants). The community-based respite program for family caregivers was developed based on results of the focus group interview and survey. The program was used with 41 participants (19 experimental and 22 control). Independent t-test and Mann-Whitney U-test were used to test differences between control and experimental groups for respite needs, burden of caregivers, subjective wellbeing, social support, fatigue and functional status of elders with dementia. Results: There were statistical differences in caregiver burden, subjective wellbeing, and social support after the program, but, none for respite needs, fatigue and functional status of elders with dementia. Conclusion: The results indicate that a respite program can be useful to decrease burden of caregivers and increase subjective wellbeing and perceived social support of family caregivers in community settings. Further intervention research is needed to increase the functional status of elders with dementia and decrease fatigue in caregivers.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.4220-4228
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• 2014

The purpose of the study was to develop a death education program and evaluate the effectiveness of the program on the attitudes toward death, suicidal ideation and meaning in life among university students. The participants were 24 students, 11 in the experimental group and 13 in the control group. The death education program was developed and practiced with the experimental group for 8 sessions. The death education program reduced the negative attitude significantly toward death, and increased the meaning in life significantly in the experimental group. Suicidal ideation was also decreased but it was not statistically significant. There were significant differences in attitude toward death and meaning in life between the experimental and control group but not in suicidal ideation.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.308-317
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a MOL instrument for school-age children in grades 4 through 6. Method: The research design was a methodological study. A four-phase design involved. 1) Interview data generated from professors, nurses, and elementary school students (n=8). 2) Content validation by expert panel (n=14) 3) Initial items corrected by elementary school students (n=20) 4) Instrument validation by survey (n=574). Finally, 24 items were chosen as a meaning of life scale for late school-age children. Results: The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 24 items was .893 indicated a high internal consistency of the instrument, 2) Through factor analysis, 5 factors were extracted. These factors were labeled as 'relational experience', 'positive attitude', 'satisfaction/ hope', 'pursuit of goal', and experience of family love. These factors explained 52.311% of the total variance. Conclusion: The MOL scale for late school-age children can be used in nursing programs to improve the meaning of life. Studies on difference in meaning of life for late school-age children are needed for reverification.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.139-149
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was to define and analyze the expectations of middle-aged woman to their spouse. Methods: A sample of 39 middle-aged women was recruited from the workplace, religious organization and acquaintances. The survey was conducted with participants using self-reported questionnaire. The data were analyzed using Q methodology. Results: There were four different types of expectations of middle-aged women. First type was "Collaborative and self-development type," meaning that women developed self and were collaborated with their family or spouses. The second type was "Maintain their own life" meaning that women recognized and maintained their expertise without interference from their spouses. The third one was "Respect for the inner value" meaning that women gave continued respect and understanding their inner value. The last one was "Realistic acceptance" meaning that women kept the current situation without implementing new self-development type. Conclusion: There is a subjective structure within the types of expectations of middle-aged women for a life of happiness to the spouse.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.77-83
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• 2022

This study was conducted with the purpose of helping middle-aged women who experienced insecure attachment during personal growth experience positive changes by re-illuminating their own growth process. During this study period, 14 in-depth interviews were conducted from August 2020 to September 2021, and the interview contents were based on the narrative research methodology to examine the meaning of participants' experiences regarding unstable attachment and post-traumatic growth in existential contexts. The text was described in terms of, relational context, life context, etc. As a result of the study, three participants who experienced unstable attachment and post-traumatic growth were selected and the following conclusions were drawn. First, the meaning in the existential context is the desire for recognition, perfectionism, unstable family environment, how to cope with stress, the courage to face the wounds, self-acceptance and affirmation, gratitude to the people around you, and the hope of life is the meaning in the participant experience. was interpreted as Second, the meaning in the relational context was interpreted as experiences with parents, husbands, children, interpersonal relationships, and religion. Third, the meaning in the life context is the lack of care, the reproduction of control, the responsibility as the eldest daughter, the precious family, and the meaning and value of life is the present experience in which the various experiences with the parents in the past affect the lives of the current participants. interpreted in Through the above research results, this study aims to describe the experiences of insecure attachment during childhood and the post-traumatic growth process of participants using a narrative technique, and to suggest positive alternatives to their lives.

• Journal of Korean Academic Society of Home Health Care Nursing
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.109-120
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• 2001

This study has been done in order to help the people understand the cancer patients and provide the basic materials for the care of cancer patients by deeply understanding the living experience of the practice of alternative therapy for cancer patients. Data were collected with several in depth interviews and observations. Collected datas were analyzed by using phenomenological method of study by Giorgi (1970). The trial experience of alternative therapy for cancer patients has been classified into the one of having concerns, following, being infatuated, and coming out by pushing, and the experience of having concerns appeared as the meaning of the limit of modern medicine, despair, loneliness. hope, emotional support. dissolution of the feeling of uneasiness. the feeling of burden of the medical expense, self-treating, the subject of treatment. and indifference while the experience of following appeared as the meaning of blind following, temptation, going outside to look for something, wandering. following unconditionally, advise of the professionals, mistaken belief. self-abandonment, powerlessness. disconnection of dialogue with the medical staff. elevation of immunity, strengthening the physical power, absence of the source of examined information, clinging, self-responsibility. the experience of being infatuated appeared as the meaning of thorough trial. affirmative experience. devotion. diverse efforts, faithful trial. affirmative self-suggestion. change of the style of life. the feeling of burden of expense, being envious, bitter feeling toward the family, considering family, family discords, and difficulty of enforcement. The experience of coming out by pushing appeared as the meaning of waiting. self-reflection. maintaining the distance. cutting attachment, throwing the greed away, coming out by pushing. being thoughtful. accepting disease. individual difference of physical quality, and ambivalence. But they return to the experience of being concerned all over again in case of recurrence or metastasis of the disease even though they come out of such stage, and they always have ambivalence even in the condition with no recurrence and metastasis. In conclusion, the trial of alternative therapy for cancer patients could be explained as the adaptive behavior to the disease which is difficult to be cured. the cancer. The cancer patients are exposed to the side effects and harm without the examined information resources. Therefore the nurse should well aware of the alternative therapy and be able to do the appropriative management through the open communication with the patients who are under the trial of alternative therapy.

• Asian Oncology Nursing
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.114-121
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was to explore the hope structures of the newly diagnosed cancer patients by examining the relationships between hope and the three concepts of 'Personal Spirit', 'Risk' and 'Authentic Caring' which composed the multidimensions of the Nekolaichuk and Bruera's hope model. Methods: Data was collected via survey from 32 newly diagnosed cancer patients. The perceived meaning of life (PML) for 'personal spirit', perceived confidence in cure (PCC) for 'risk', and perceived family support (PFS) and perceived support from medical team (PSM) for 'authentic caring' were adapted from the definitions of the concepts in the model. Hope, PML, and PCC were measured with VAS. PFS and PSM were measured with Korean version of 'Cobb's family support scale', which was modified by Kang. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to identify the relationships among the concepts. Results: The significant relationships were revealed between hope and PCC (p<.001), hope and PML (p<.001), PML and PCC (p<.001), PFS and PML (p=.030), and PSM and PML (p=.047). Conclusion: The newly diagnosed cancer patients experience hope in different ways. The cancer patients' hope immediate after diagnosis, however, is most likely to be experienced as seeking balance between uncertainty about cancer treatment and the meaning of life.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.11-28
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• 2009

This study is intended to make a tool which can identify how consumers consume by presenting a concept of "consumption style" and by developing the scale to measure it. In order to study the scope and meaning of consumption for modern consumers, "the meaning of consumption" was theoretically considered. Based on it, the concept and perspective of 'consumption style'was formed and then the scale for measuring it was developed. To develop the scale, the scale was formed by extracting questions through a literature survey, and verifying validity through experts' opinion. Then, the final scale was developed by conducting a questionnaire survey for consumers. A preliminary 150- item scale was developed through a literature review. 1000 consumers responded to an online survey using the preliminary scale. This research was made with the intention of not only supplying the academic data on the consumer's "consumption style" but also understanding the consumer's basic behavior patterns. Then A series of tests, such as test-retest, item-to-total correlation, Cronbach's reliability coefficient and factor analysis, were conducted using the survey data. The final scale with 68-items was constructed in the end. The "consumption style" Scale for Consumers consisted of 4 factors.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.29-41
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• 2006

Various current events provide evidence that society is undergoing changes in perceptions of social relationships. Specifically, visual media in the form of advertisements can convey images which reflect society's values and concepts about role relationships. The purpose of this research was to examine ads in fashion magazines to determine what types of model roles and role relationships typically appear in fashion advertising which can mirror society's values. A content analysis was conducted of ads obtained from US Vogue and US GQ for the year 2002. Six kinds of roles/relationships were found: (1) Narcissism (representing self absorption), (2) sexually enticing opposite-sex relationships, (3) close/romantic same-sex relationships, (4) friend relationships, (5) family relationships, and (6) independent relationships. Of these, narcissism predominated, however, a small number of sexually provocative ads appeared as well as same-sex romantic relationships. Because sole (single) models were more typical, they also were examined to determine ways in which they relate to the audience. Characteristics examined included body presentation & pose, eye gaze, and facial expression. Direct eye gaze was the typical way to engage the audience. Gender differences were apparent: smiling was more typical of women, indifference for men. The symbolic meaning and values investigated from this research are the blurring of gender identity portrayed in homosexual imagery, family values, and the value of youth. The consistency of models' race in ads does not portray the diversity reflected in the demographic census.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• 제42권12호
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• pp.231-251
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• 2004

The purpose of this study us to determine the adolescents' leisure activity pattern, leisure constraints and leisure satisfaction and to identify the relevant variables. The subjects were middle and high school students. The data was collected by using the questionnaire and the final 741 cases were analyzed by SPSS Win 10.0 program. The major findings were as follows: 1. The adolescents' leisure activity hours were 2.27hours/day(weekday), 4.20hours/day(Saturday) and 5.35hours/day(Sunday). On weekdays, female students spent more time for leisure activity than male students. The most frequent activities were watching TV and playing computer. 2. The adolescents' leisure constraints were social-economic, psychological and situational. The degree of the adolescents' situational constraint was the highest. 3. The adolescents' leisure satisfactions were leisure use, leisure condition and leisure meaning. The adolescents' degree of leisure meaning satisfaction was relatively high. 4. The major related variable influencing the leisure satisfaction were psychological constraint, situational constraint and gender.