• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.199-209
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• 2023

This study identified design elements of the functions required for children's ski pants. Data for this study were collected through questionnaire surveys conducted among children's ski instructors and children's sportswear developers. Five functionalities of children's skiwear were evaluated: mobility, stability, comfort, protection, and convenience. A total of 25 functional design elements related to the patterns, design details, and physical characteristics of fabrics for ski garments, were evaluated. The results of this study are as follows. First, children's sportswear developers evaluated that the pattern elements were important. Most of the pattern design elements highly related to mobility. Children's ski instructors' appraisal was that the height of the back waist was the important feature. Second, regarding the design details, children's ski instructors evaluated the size adjustment function and ventilation system as important elements. Many design detail elements were highly related in respect of stability, comfort, protection, and convenience. Third, the physical characteristics of fabric were strongly associated with mobility, comfort, and protection. As regards the physical characteristics of fabric, children's ski instructors valued anti-fouling highly, but children's sportswear developers attached more importance to the weight of the fabric. The results of this study will be useful in designing functional ski pants for children of elementary and intermediate ski levels. Since there may be limitations related to the ski level and age of children wearing ski pants, it is suggested that follow-up studies according to various groups of the ski pant wearers should be done.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.871-878
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• 2014

This study deals with formlessness designs that indicate a variety of related shapes between the human body and clothes depending on the 2D shape of fabric rather than a cubic and clear shape of fabric proportional to the human body. There have been formlessness fashion designs since the 1980s; however, there has been no attempts to define the concept of formlessness fashion designs. This study focuses on how formlessness clothing was named for clothes with no specific shape due to recognizing the body as a flat surface as referred in various prior studies and how a formlessness design is expressed. This study reviews formlessness designs from the viewpoint of eastern concepts as well as from the viewpoint of ancient Greek clothes to understand how eastern and western designers approached formlessness designs. We also simultaneously utilize a literature research and a case study of actual work. The scope of the research focuses on the case of female clothing starting from the 1980s when the formlessness trend first appeared.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.555-566
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• 2017

This study analyzes the practical tasks and required competency for technical designers to provide basic data on the training of domestic technical designers. The survey was applied to 21 technical designers of big vendors as well as investigated tasks, task flow, important tasks, time-consuming tasks, and required competencies. The results of the study are as follows. First, the technical designers were in charge of several brands of buyers and distributors of fashion companies, or several lines of the same brand. The main production items were cut and sewn knits. Second, the flow of task and tasks were in the order of buyer comments analysis, sloper decision to matching style, sewing specification, productive sewing method research, size specification suggestion, pattern correction comments, construction decision to matching style & fabric, sample evaluations, fit approval, business e-mail writing, specification & grading confirmation, and communication with buyer. Third, five tasks (analysis of buyer comments analysis, communication with buyer, pattern correction comments, productive sewing methods research, sample evaluation) were important and time-consuming tasks. Fourth, reeducation was required in order of sewing, pattern, English, fabric, and fitting. Fifth, competencies to be a technical designers were fitting, pattern correction, size specification & grading, construction & sewing specification, sewing terms & techniques, and communication skills. In conclusion, technical designer training should focus on technology-based instruction, such as sample evaluation, fitting, pattern correction, and productive sewing methods research of cut and sewn knits.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.374-380
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• 2001

Cotton and ramie fabrics were dyed with artemesia and gardenia dyeing solutions. The chroma values of the fabrics dyed with gardenia were higher than that of artemesia. The ramie fabrics dyed with gardenia showed higher chroma values than the cotton fabrics. The colors of fabrics were deeper in shade but their chroma values were improved no more by repetition of dyeing process in artemesia dyebath. The two ways of dyeing processes were carried out. In the first wan, each fabric was dyed in 5 different concentration(1∼5%) of gardenia dyebath to get the fabrics dyed in different shades. After then the gardenia dyed fabrics were dyed again in the artemesia dyebaths. In the second way, the 5 fabrics were dyed in different shades by repetition of dyeing process in artemesia dyebath. After then the artemesia dyed fabrics were dyed again with the gardenia dyebaths. When the artemesia dyeing process was added on the fabrics dyed in five shades with gardenia, the color differences between five samples were slight. But when gardenia dyeing process was added on the fabrics dyed in five shades with artemesia, the samples showed different hue of colors between yellow and green of Munsell color circle. Like almost of fabrics dyed with Plants materials, the colorfastness to light and laundering of the dyed samples were poor But the colorfastness to drycleaning was good.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.16-16
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• 2001

Cotton and ramie fabrics were dyed with artemesia and gardenia dyeing solutions. The chroma values of the fabrics dyed with gardenia were higher than that of artemesia. The ramie fabrics dyed with gardenia showed higher chroma values than the cotton fabrics. The colors of fabrics were deeper in shade but their chroma values were improved no more by repetition of dyeing process in artemesia dyebath. The two ways of dyeing processes were carried out. In the first way, each fabric was dyed in 5 different concentration(1∼5%) of gardenia dyebath to get the fabrics dyed in different shades. After then the gardenia dyed fabrics were dyed again in the artemesia dyebaths. In the second way, the 5 fabrics were dyed in different shades by repetition of dyeing process in artemesia dyebath. After then the artemesia dyed fabrics were dyed again with the gardenia dyebaths. When the artemesia dyeing process was added on the fabrics dyed in five shades with gardenia, the color differences between five samples were slight. But when gardenia dyeing process was added on the fabrics dyed in five shades with artemesia, the samples showed different hue of colors between yellow and green of Munsell color circle. Like almost of fabrics dyed with Plants materials, the colorfastness to light and laundering of the dyed samples were poor. But the colorfastness to drycleaning was good.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.65-77
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to suggest effective teaching method of fashion illustration based on the results of examing the use of fashion illustration required by fashion designers and the ways of teaching used by professors teaching fashion illustration. The methods of this research were based on questionnaires. Questionnaire I was responded by 73 fashion designers working for fashion industry. Questionnaire II was answered by 52 professors teaching fashion illustration in colleges and universities. The results were as follows 1. In the examination of fashion illustration used by fashion designers in fashion industry, the flat was found to be most frequently used for market research, design sketch, presentation and specification. The illustration of wearers' form for making trend maps. So the flat was found to be the method that is most used by fashion designers. As for the coloring materials, markers were most frequently used that are of easy use, and the texture was mostly expressed by attaching fabric swatches. Two or three body poses are used for each style of clothing. 2. The effective teaching methods of fashion illustration that fashion designers and professors teaching fashion illustration consider are first, to teach the flat more precisely, second, to increase use of markers as coloring material, third, to teach various types of model poses. And fourth, the texture needs to be a little bit less expressed by focusing only on the effects because fabric swatch is used.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.609-618
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to examine the inconvenience when putting on stretch pants and to compare and analyze the pattern making method of pants made of the stretch and non-stretch fabric to develop functional and good looking stretch pants. For this study, we conducted a survey of women in their twenties and collected the basic data and master pattern through material of a woman's wear brand and the interview and questionnaires. The results of this study are as follows. First, the survey result for the woman consumers showed that pants were estimated as the most uncomfortable item among the stretch clothes and when they put the stretch pants on, the most uncomfortable parts of out-shell were the hip girth and rise. Secondly, the result of pattern making method of the pants was as follows. The ease of the stretch pants pattern was 0cm in the waist girth and -1 to -1.5cm in the hip girth more than non-stretch pants. The ease in crotch, inseam and outseam length was 0cm for both.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.781-784
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• 2008

In this paper, insulating effect and strength development of concrete under low temperature are reported varying curing sheets. According to test results, in temperature -5$^{\circ}$C concrete subject to exposure and air cap condition, result in a frost damage at early age by a fall of below zero temperature. Mean while, the combination of PE film and non-woven fabric maintained around 3 $^{\circ}$C within first 24 hours since placement. For double bubble sheets, concrete temperature maintained above 7$^{\circ}$C due to its excellent heat insulating capability. As a result of core strength test, strength of specimens cured with viny + non-woven fabric and double bubble sheets had higher strength than strength of other specimens due to good heat insulation effect at early age.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.26 no.9
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• pp.1378-1389
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• 2002

This study was to identify dimensions of subjective knowledge and to test the structural model of the effect of subjective knowledge on information search and evaluation rules for apparel products. A questionnaire was administered to 668 females living in Seoul, Taejon, and Cheongju, and the data were analysed by using LISREL 8. The results of this study were as follows: First, consumers' subjective knowledge regarding apparel products consisted of five factors; Style knowledge, Fashion Knowledge, Store Knowledge, Fabric/Management Knowledge, and Brand knowledge. Those factors were influenced by the experience related with apparel products. Second, the subjective knowledge influenced information searches. That is, internal search was significantly influenced by fashion knowledge and store knowledge, while external search was significantly influenced by fashion knowledge and fabric/management knowledge. Third, the subjective knowledge had indirect effects on evaluation rules via search activities (e.g., internal and external), suggesting that the internal search was mediated in relationship between subjective knowledge and compensatory rule, while the urtemal search was mediated in the relationship between subjective knowledge and noncompensatory rule. Therefore, this study implies that subjective knowledge plays an important role to explain consumers' decision making processes such as information search and evaluation.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.503-510
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• 2014

Nowdays, costumer's washing behavior were often times for remove to light-duty dirt. The purpose of this study is to provide the most effective washing conditions of detergent concentration and temperature conditions for help save energy and water resources required to the washing process. Washing conditions were as follows: 2 kinds of detergents and 4 types of artificially soiled fabrics were used. Detergent concentration was 0%, -10%, and -20% below the recommended conc. of manufacturer's standard. Temperature of bath was $20^{\circ}C$ and $40^{\circ}C$. The results of this study were as follows: First, washing performances of all kind of artificially soiled fabric improved as the temperature of bath at $40^{\circ}C$. Second, the test was conducted under the condition of decreasing respectively -10% and -20% below of the recommended concentration of manufacturer's standard detergent. The average of washing efficiency was not considerably affected by the reduction of 10% below of manufacturer's standard. Third, in case of the water temperature were $20^{\circ}C$, polyester/cotton blended fiber were higher degree of washing efficiency than cotton fiber.