• 환경생물
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.152-159
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• 2017

For the effective seedling production of the hard shelled mussel, Mytilus coruscus, this study assessed the effects of the dietary value of live food, density, water temperature and salinity on growth and survival rate of the larvae. The optimal survival rate and growth rate were examined under differing conditions of water temperature, salinity, and rearing density for 30 days. The three groups were provided different feeding organisms, such as Isochrysis galbana and Teleaulax suecica. The mixtures were provided at a rate of $5{\times}10^4cell\;mL^{-1}$. The best growth was observed in the group with conditions $21^{\circ}C$ water temperature ($16.2{\pm}9.1{\mu}m$), 33 psu of salinity ($16.82{\pm}3.9{\mu}m$), $2500individual\;m^{-2}$ ($17.2{\pm}5.9{\mu}m$), and fed with $5{\times}10^4cell\;mL^{-1}$ of I. galbana and T. suecica mixture ($16.0{\pm}7.3{\mu}m$). The highest survival rate was found in the group at conditions $18^{\circ}C$ water temperature (66.4%), 33 psu of salinity (24.4%), $2500individual\;m^{-2}$ (65.8%), and fed with $5{\times}10^4cell\;mL^{-1}$ of I. galbana and T. suecica mixture (58.8%). We therefore conclude that the suitable culture conditions for the stable production of hard shelled mussel artificial seedlings was at 18 to $21^{\circ}C$ of temperature, 30 to 33 psu of salinity, 2500 to $5000individual\;m^{-2}$ of rearing density, and feeding supplement of $5{\times}10^4cell\;mL^{-1}$ of I. galbana and T. suecica mixture under semi running water system.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2020

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Torulaspora delbrueckii and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, as pure fermenters and mixed fermenters (simultaneous and sequential culture), on the production of non-volatiles and volatiles, and on the antioxidant activity in Golden Dried Longan juice and Golden Dried Longan wines. Alanine, arginine, glutamic acid, leucine, proline, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) were the most prominent amino acids that were found in these wines. The Golden Dried Longan Wine fermented with monocultures of S. cerevisiae and T. delbrueckii produced a total volatile aroma content of 393.21 mg/l and 383.20 mg/l, respectively. Simultaneous culture of the two organisms produced the highest total volatile aroma content, that affected most volatile compounds including isobutanol, ethyl acetate, ethyl decanoate, ethyl heptanoate, ethyl hexanoate, ethyl pentanoate, isoamyl acetate, and isobutyl acetate. Of the four treatments, the sequential culture possessed the highest total phenolic content (5.80 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/ml). In addition, the total phenolic content significantly correlated with the antioxidant activity of the Golden Dried Juice and Golden Dried Longan Wine. These results suggest that co-cultures of the two organisms used in the production of the Golden Dried Longan Wine may improve the intensity and complexity of its aroma.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.111-125
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• 1990

Korea is a nation with poor natural resources. There is a greats need to save resources that are running out in fast face. The purpose of this thesis is to bind the means to save rosources in housing site, especially in highrise apartment. The reason why the high-rise apartments are chosen as a case is 7hat the high-rise is becoming the major form of dwelling in most urban areas. As a tool of saving the ecological way is chosen because ecological energy is free, clean and unlimited. The resources to be saved are divided into two categories, namely energy and non - energy resources as water, land and food. The contents of the thesis are comprised of 4 chapters. The early chaspters are devoted to the understanding of the ecosystem and problems of current energy consumption in the apartment. It is fellowed by the introduction of the hypothesis that can possibly save reouruces. The hypothesis are then transformed into the actual theories through verification, to be established as the new techniques of the site planning. The ecosystem is the functional relationship between the living organisms and their physical surroundings. The living organisms are the plants that produce, animals that consume and bacterias that decompose. They live in the environment which consists of the three worlds of atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere. The whole system is activated by the solar energy that turns the inorganic mallet- into the living organism and back to the inorganic. It is the recycling principle of the ecosystem. The elements of ecosystem that fan be unilimited as the tools of resources -saving are the sun, wind, water, soil, plant and waste. They are unlimited sources of energy. free of pollution and cheap in price. Each of these ecological elements Provide the opportunities that can save the heating fuel, air conditioning energy, water resource, land and food. The ecological approch should be pursued actively in this age of short resources and growing pollution. In the scale of total energy consumption the housing takes the second position next to the industrial use. It is followed by the transportation which shows for less consumption than former two.

• 공업화학
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.139-143
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• 2005

천연향균물질인 자몽씨 추출물을 0.01~0.03% 첨가하여 내열성 포자형성균인 Bacillus stearothermophilus를 비롯하여, 저온성 세균인 Bacillus subtilis, 식품 독성을 일으키는 Staptylococcus aureus 등에 대하여 생장억제 효과를 분석 하였다. 그리고 이 추출물을 실제 공정에 이용하기 위한 현장실험에서는 두유에 자몽씨 추출물을 0.2% 첨가 시 B. stearothermophilus의 성장은 억제 되었으나 완전사멸은 되지 않았고 B. subtilis와 S. aureus는 각각 48 h과 72 h내에 사멸되었다. 그러나 이러한 조건은 경제성, 유화안정성, 관능 상에 문제가 발생되며, 그 해결방안으로 두유에 자몽씨 추출물의 0.015% 첨가와 $121^{\circ}C$에서 10 min간 처리하는 열처리조건을 병행하므로서 균을 완전히 사멸하고 제품의 안정성과 관능 상의 문제점 해결 가능성을 높일 수 있었다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.91-96
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• 2012

In this study, a newly synthesized thiazolidinedione derivative, TD49 with a highly selective algicide to red tide, was examined in order to evaluate the bioconcentration on aquatic organisms of coast. BAF (accumulation of TD49 by aquatic food chain) and BCF (accumulation of TD49 by sea water) were examined employing the shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis) as the feed organism, and the olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus as a consumer in marine ecosystem. Bioconcentration degree in sea water showed that the order in P. olivaceus was viscera > gill > muscle. The average BCF values of TD49 were 67.70, 63.32 and 20.25 at viscera, gill and muscle, respectively. Bioaccumulation degree using feed showed that the order in the organs of P. olivaceus was viscera > gill > muscle. The average BAF values of TD49 were 175.89, 114.88 and 32.59 at viscera, gill and muscle, respectively. When compared with two results, the accumulation by the food and water was higher than that by water. After the elimination experiment in sea water, the TD49 concentration was 2.81 nmole/g in the viscera and were not found in the gill and the muscle. More than 50% of the accumulated TD49 were eliminated from viscera in 7 days and all the accumulated TD49 were eliminated from gill and muscle in 7 days. On the other hand, the octanol/water partition coefficient (log $K_{ow}$) was measured to be 3.66 and experimental BCF of this study was 67.7.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2003

The infection characteristics with scuticociliates at on-land rearing farms and hatcheries of flounder, Paralithys olivaceus was investigated during the year of 2001 by juvenile infection routes. When culture tanks for living food organisms such as chlorella, rotifer, and Artemia were searched, scuticocilates were detected both in live and dead rotifer, and at the dregs of culture tank bottoms at almost hatcheries. When rotifer infected with scuticocilates fed on fish larvae, lots of scuticocilate were inhabited at the bottom of fry rearing tanks. After feeding on scuticocilates-infected rotifer on fish larvae, first infection was detected at 10 days after bottom dwelling or 40 days old after hatching. By histopathological examination we confirmed the infection route of eyeball or brain contamination was that the ciliate worms digged through mouth and front part of the dosal fin cuticle, transferred into eyeball along the epithelium and muscle tissue, and reached finally into brain by the muscle and nerve tissue. The infection of internal organs was clarified into two routes. The first route was started from the infection at ventral and anal fin rays by the worms, and reached at the anus and rectum through the epithelium and muscle tissue. The second route was initiated from the infection at urinary organ and reached into the rectum epithelium cells, inner wall of intestine, abdominal cavity, pancreas, kidney, and pancreas. At seed production farms where fish larvae fed on scuticocilate-free rotifer, the worms were not detected not only at the food organisms culture tanks and juvenile rearing tanks but also larval flounder less than 7cm in total length.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.99-115
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• 1995

군산연안 조간대의 우점종인 동죽의 소화관 내용물을 1993년 8월부터 1994년 7월까지 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 동죽의 소화관 내용물에서 관찰된 먹이생물의 종류는 총 60속, 120여종으로 식물성플랑크톤인 규조류가 52속으로 대부분을 차지하고 있으며, 와편모조류가 7속, 황색편모조류가 6속, 남조류가 5속, 녹조류가 3속이었으며, 동물성플랑크톤인 방산충류가 4속, 섬모충류와 갑각류가 2속 출현하였다. 환경수의 우점종과 소화관 내용물에서의 우점종은 일치하지 않았다. 계절에 따른 먹이생물의 출현종수는 3월과 10월에서 Peak를 보였으며, 8월에 가장 적었다. 소화관 내용물의 먹이생물의 크기는 대부분이 단순한 형태를 이루는 소형으로, 둥근형은 $200{\mu}m$이하, 막대형은 지름 $20{\mu}m$ 길이 $500{\mu}m$ 이하의 크기였다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.151-156
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• 1987

대두, 탈지대두, 농축대두단백 또는 분리대두단백으로 각각 두유를 만들고 여기에 Lactobacillus acido-philus, L.bulgaricus, L.casei, Leuconostoc mesenter-oides, Streptococcus lactis 를 각각 접종하여 이들 대두단백질이 젖산균의 생육과 산생성에 미치는 영향에 차이가 있는가를 관찰하였다. 산생성도를 보면 L.acido-philus의 경우는 두유에서 산생성이 가장 높았으나, 나머지 4종의 젖산균에서는 탈지두유에서 산생성이 가장 높았으며, 5종의 젖산균 어느 경우나 SPI두유에서는 산생성이 현저하게 낮았다. 두유에 yeast extract (0.5%)를 첨가했을 때 대두단백질의 형태에 관계없이 모든 시료에서 젖산균에 의한 산생성이 촉진되었으며, 5종의 젖산균 가운데 특히 L.acidophilus에 의한 산생성이 현저하게 촉진되었다. 두유의 고형분 농도를 증가 시킴에 따라 L.acidophilus와 L.bulgaricus의 생육과 산생성이 대체적으로 촉진되었다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.162-169
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• 2021

Global warming has affected the distribution of organisms for decades and has displayed rapid ascent recently. Research into the effects on tropical organisms are vital. Padina boryana is a resourceful marine microalgae in the Maldives Sea in the Laccadive region. A 70% ethanol extraction (PBE) of this seaweed was used to investigate its antioxidant potential. Both in vitro and in vivo models were implemented. PBE exhibited protective potential against H₂O₂ induced apoptosis. ROS levels were suppressed due to PBE. PBE expressed a cytoprotective nature. In vivo experiments involving the zebra fish model conformed its validity. The antioxidant efficacy of PBE was dose dependent. Study outcomes suggest PBE has potential as a novel and valuable marine resource to aid the functional food and cosmeceutical industries.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.410-414
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• 2000

The effect of the COD/N ratio on denitrification characteristics was evaluated for the development of a denitrification process. Activated sludge, acclimated to an anoxic condition, was used as the denitrifier consortium (mixture of denitrifying organisms) for enhanced nitrogen removal in a recirculating aquarium system. Synthetic wastewater containing nitrate was used as the influent solution and glucose was used as the carbon source for denitrification. The COD/N ratio varied within a range of 1.5-7.2. The denitrification efficiency was higher than 97% even at a COD/N ratio of 1.5. Under a theoretical COD/N ratio of 3.0, nitrite was detected, however, the amount was less than 1% of the total influent nitrogen. The number of both nitrate-reducing bacteria and denitrifying bacteria reached $3.5{\times}10^5/ml$ with a COD/N ratio of 1.5 after 45 days of operation.