• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.808-816
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• 2018

Bacterial biofilms have been demonstrated to be closely related to clinical infections and contribute to drug resistance. Berberine, which is the main component of Coptis chinensis, has been reported to have efficient antibacterial activity. This study aimed to investigate the potential effect of a combination of berberine with ciprofloxacin (CIP) to inhibit Salmonella biofilm formation and its effect on expressions of related genes (rpoE, luxS, and ompR). The fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index of the combination of berberine with CIP is 0.75 showing a synergistic antibacterial effect. The biofilm's adhesion rate and growth curve showed that the multi-resistant Salmonella strain had the potential to form a biofilm relative to that of strain CVCC528, and the antibiofilm effects were in a dose-dependent manner. Biofilm microstructures were rarely observed at $1/2{\times}MIC/FIC$ concentrations (MIC, minimal inhibition concentration), and the combination had a stronger antibiofilm effect than each of the antimicrobial agents used alone at $1/4{\times}FIC$ concentration. LuxS, rpoE, and ompR mRNA expressions were significantly repressed (p< 0.01) at $1/2{\times}MIC/FIC$ concentrations, and the berberine and CIP combination repressed mRNA expressions more strongly at the $1/4{\times}FIC$ concentration. The results indicate that the combination of berberine and CIP has a synergistic effect and is effective in inhibiting Salmonella biofilm formation via repression of luxS, rpoE, and ompR mRNA expressions.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.357-364
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• 2009

In this paper, we propose a novel equalization on-channel repeater (OCR) with a feedback interference canceller (FIC) to relay terrestrial digital multimedia broadcasting signals in single frequency networks. The proposed OCR not only has high output power by cancelling the feedback signals caused by insufficient antenna isolation through the FIC, but also shows better output signal quality than the conventional OCR by removing multipath signals existing between the main transmitter and the OCR through an equalizer. In addition, computer simulations and laboratory test results demonstrate that the proposed OCR successfully cancels feedback signals and compensates channel distortions and provides a higher quality transmitting signal with higher output power than conventional OCRs.

• ICROS
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• v.2 no.6
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• pp.38-49
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• 1996

본 논문에서는 시각 인식 기술을 이용한 자동화된 생산기술 분야로, 전자회로 기판 생산 공정과 용접 공정을 예롤 들었으며, 각 분야에서의 연구 동기 및 현황을 소개하고 최근 사용되고 있는 기술에 대해 논하였다. 여기서, 전자회로 기판 생산공정에 적용된 시각 인식 기술로는 인쇄 회로 기판(PCB)의 도체 패턴의 양/불량 판정 검사, FIC부품의 인식 및 리드 검사, FIC부품의 장착상태검사, 장착 후의 납땜 검사 등을 다루었으며, 용접 공정에 대한 기술로는 맞대기 용접에서의 용접선 추적, 고주파 전기저항 용접으로 생산되는 강관의 용접품질 검사 등을 다루었다.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.219-225
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• 2017

This study was investigated the synergistic effects from the combination of cefalexin and gentamicin (CCG) against Staphylococcus spp. isolated from bovine milk. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index were determined for 16 bacteria from 13 bovine farms in Gyeongsangnam province by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards broth microdilution procedure. Antimicrobial agents tested included cefalexin, gentamicin and CCG. Against Staphylococcus spp. tested, the MIC ranges of cefalexin, gentamicin and CCG were 0.25~1.0, 0.5~0.125 and $0.06{\sim}0.125{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. In addition, the FIC index ranges of CCG against most of the isolates was 0.28~0.43 and the FIC index of CCG against 2 strains of Staphylococcus haemolyticus (S. haemolyticus) was 0.59. In conclusion, CCG has a high antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus isolates, then the combination may be applied for the treatment of bovine mastitis caused by Staphylococcus spp.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.147-154
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• 1997

국내에서 많이 사용되고 있는 제2세대 quinolone 항생제인 norfloxacin(NFX)에 대한 약역학적인 특성을 구명하기 위하여 국내에서 분리된 동물유래 병원성 세균에 대하여 시험관내에서 실험을 수행하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 즉, E coli(n=89) 대한 NFX의 $MIC_{50}$와 $MIC_{90}$는 공히 0.02g/ml이었으며, Streptococcus spp.(n=36)에 대한 NFX의 $MIC_{50}$는 2g/ml 그리고 $MIC_{90}$는 4g/ml로 나타났다. Salmonella spp.(n=56)에 대한 NFX의 $MIC_{50}$와 $MIC_{90}$ 모두 0.2g/ml로 강한 항균력을 보였으며, Streptococcus spp.(n=24)에 대한 NFX의 $MIC_{50}$는 2g/ml 그리고 $MIC_{90}$가 4g/ml로 나타났다. Bacillus spp.(n=34)는 NFX의 $MIC_{50}$와 $MIC_{90}$는 모두 0.4g/ml으로서 대부분의 병원성 세균에 대해서 $MIC_{50}$와 $MIC_{90}$치가 동일하든지 또는 매우 비슷한 수치를 보여주었다. 그러나 NFX는 혐기성세균인 Clostridium spp.(n=34)에 대해서는 항균력이 매우 낮았다. 현재 수의임상에서 항균제 병용요법이 많이 응용되고 있는 것을 고려하여 NFX와 다른 항생물질간의 분획억제농도 (FICs)를 E coli 88ac을 시험균주로 하여 실험한 결과, NFX와 colistin과 병용할 때 FIC 값이 0.38로서 상승작용을 그리고 gentamicin, trimethoprim, amikacin, penicillin 및 tylosin과의 병용시 FIC 값이 각각 0.52, 0.56, 0.63, 1.00 및 1.02로서 상가작용을 보여주었으며, tetracyclin과의 병용시의 FIC값은 1.49로서 길항작용을 나타냄을 알 수 있었다. 한편 실제 항균제의 임상적용시 매우 주요한 요소인 항균활성후 저농도유효성(PAE)을 알아보기 위하여 E coli AB1157을 시험균주로 측정한 결과 PAE은 0.90~1.02 시간 그리고 S aureus R-209에 대해서는 PAE가 1.58~1.99 시간으로서 그람음성균 및 그람양성균 모두에 대해서 긴 PAE를 갖고 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.365-372
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• 2000

he paper introduces evolutionary computing to Fractal Image Compression(FIC). In Fractal Image Compression(FIC) a partitioning of the image into ranges is required. As a solution to this problem there is a propose that evolution computation should be applied in image partitionings. Here ranges are connected sets of small square image blocks. Populations consist of $N_p$ configurations, each of which is a partitioning with a fractal code. In the evolution each configuration produces $\sigma$ children who inherit their parent partitionings except for two random neighboring ranges which are merged. From the offspring the best ones are selected for the next generation population based on a fitness criterion Collage Theorem. As the optimum image includes duplication in image data, it gets smaller in saving space more efficient in speed and more capable in image quality than any other technique in which other coding is used. Fractal Image Compression(FIC) using evolution computation in multimedia image processing applies to such fields as recovery of image and animation which needs a high-quality image and a high image-compression ratio.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.51-59
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• 2010

As more and more people are interest in mobile broadcasting, they want to use many kinds of mobile contents. On that account, DMB standard has been developed in Korea. Users can use various contents, because DMB System based on DAB System can provide not only audio service but also media service. However, as more contents increase, users will have to wait more to select Program List, which is why DMB System transports MPEG-2 TS contents by MSC. To solve this problem we propose that first we find major fields needed for generating program list, and then these fiends insert to FIC by extending UAI. We conduct some experiments to verify our proposed method is efficient. The results implies that our proposed method generate program list faster than that of previous method by 36.78%.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.51-57
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• 2015

With continuing demand for the development of new, effective and safe therapies, an investigation was carried out to test the efficacy of an antibacterial agent derived from marine edible seaweed. The methanolic extract of Ecklonia cava from marine edible seaweed evinced potential antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis. Among five solvent-soluble fractions of E. cava methanolic extract, the ethyl acetate soluble extract (EtOAc) exhibited the strongest antibacterial activity, with a MIC value of $128{\mu}g/mL $ against E. faecalis strains. Furthermore, a synergistic antibacterial effect between an antibiotic and the EtOAc fraction was assessed using fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) indices. A combination of ciprofloxacin and the EtOAc fraction resulted in a ${\sum}FIC_{min}$ range of 0.188 and ${\sum}FIC_{max}$ of 0.508 to 563, suggesting that the ciprofloxacin-EtOAc fraction of E. cava combination resulted in an antibacterial synergy effect against E. faecalis.

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2001

This paper describes the application of our recently developed two-phase model for flow-induced crystallization (FIC) to the simulation of fiber spinning and film blowing. 1-D and 2-D simulations of fiber spinning include the combined effects of (FIC), viscoelasticity, filament cooling, air drag, inertia, surface tension and gravity and the process dynamics are modeled from the spinneret to the take-up roll device (below the freeze point). 1-D model fits and predictions are in very good quantitative agreement with high- and low-speed spinline data for both nylon and PET systems. Necking and the associated extensional softening are also predicted. Consistent with experimental observations, the 2-D model also predicts a skin-core structure at low and intermediate spin speeds, with the stress, chain extension and crystallinity being highest at the surface. Film blowing is simulated using a "quasi-cylindrical" approximation for the momentum equations, and simulations include the combined effects of flow-induced crystallization, viscoelasticity, and bubble cooling. The effects of inflation pressure, melt extrusion temperature and take-up ratio on the bubble shape are predicted to be in agreement with experimental observations, and the location of the frost line is predicted naturally as a consequence of flow-induced crystallization. An important feature of our FIC model is the ability to predict stresses at the freeze point in fiber spinning and the frost line in film blowing, both of which are related to the physical and mechanical properties of the final product.l product.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.384-391
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• 1998

When a device is mounted on the PCB, it is impossible to have zero defects due to many unpredictable problems. Among these problems, devices with bent corner leads due to mis-handling and which are not placed at a given point measured along the axis are principal problem in SMT(Surface Mounting Technology). It is obvious that given the complexity of the inspection task, the efficiency of a human inspection is questionable. Thus, new technologies for inspection of SMD(Surface Mounting Device) should be explored. An example of such technologies is the Automated Visual Inspection(AVI), wherein the vision system plays a key role to correct this problem. In implementing vision system, high-speed and high-precision are indispensable for practical purposes. In this paper, a new algorithm based on the Radon transform which uses a projection technique to inspect the FIC(Flat Integrated Circuit) device is proposed. The proposed algorithm is compared with other algorithms by measuring the position error(center and angle) and the processing time for the device image, characterized by line scan camera.