• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.272-277
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• 2010

Seagrasses are marine angiosperms of ecological importance in providing shelter and food to aquatic species as well as maintaining the carbon cycle on earth. Phyllospadix iwatensis is a seagrass of the family Zosteraceae and is distributed along the eastern coast of Korea. The nucleotide sequences of P. iwatensis nuclear genes encoding 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and internal transcribed spacer-1 (ITS-1) were determined for molecular phylogenetic analysis. Genomic DNA was isolated from P. iwatensis and used for PCR amplification of 18S rRNA and ITS-1. Examination of the 18S rRNA sequence of P. iwatensis showed a close (99% similarity) relationship to Zostera noltii, another genus of Zosteraceae, but a distant (84% similarity) evolutionary relationship to other macroalgal Laminariales species. Further discrepancies found in ITS-1 nucleotide sequences between closely related species indicate that the sequence information could be used for species identification.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.128-136
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• 2003

Purpose : Hyper IgM syndrome(HIGM) is characterized by severe recurrent bacterial infections with decreased serum levels of IgG, IgA, and IgE but elevated IgM levels. Recently, it has been classified into three groups; HIGM1, HIGM2 and a rare form of HIGM. HIGM1 is a X-linked form of HIGM and has now been identified as a T-cell deficiency in which mutations occur in the gene that encodes the CD40 ligand molecule. HIGM2 is an autosomal recessive form of HIGM. Molecular studies have shown that the mutation of HIGM2 is in the gene that encodes activation-induced cytidine deaminase(AID). Recently, another rare form of X-linked HIGM syndrome associated with hypohydrotic ectodermal dysplasia has been identified. We encountered a patient with a varient form of HIGM2. To clarify the cause of this form of HIGM, we evaluated the peripheral B cells of this patient. Methods : The lymphocytes of the patient were prepared from peripheral blood. B cells were immortalized with the infection of EBV. Cell cycle analysis was done with the immortalized B cells of the patient. Peripheral mononuclear cells were stained with monoclonal anti-CD40L antibody. Total RNA was extracted from the peripheral mononuclear cells. After RT-PCR, direct sequencing for CD40L gene and HuAID gene were done. Immunostainings of a lymph node for CD3, CD23, CD40, Fas-L, bcl-2, BAX were done. Results : The peripheral B cells of this patient showed normal expression of CD40L molecule and normal sequencing of CD40L gene, and also normal sequencing of AID gene. Interestingly, the peripheral B cells of this patient showed a decreased population of G2/mitosis phase in cell cycles which recovered to normal with the stimulation of IL-4. Conclusion : We suspect that the cause of increased serum IgM in this patient may be from a decrease of G2/mitosis phase of the peripheral B cells, which may be from the decreased production or secretion of IL-4. Therefore, this may be a new form of HIGM.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.32-35
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• 2008

The Suminoe oyster, Crassostrea ariakensis, occurs in estuaries where rivers meet seawater. In Korea, it is one of the most popular fisheries resources in the Nam River and Sumjin River. However, the genetic identification of this species has been questioned, because specimens are often mis-identified as other species. To identify the species, we conducted polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the internal transcribed spacer-1 (ITS-1) region, followed by digestion with the restriction enzyme HaeIII. Restriction profiles for oysters collected from Korea, Japan, and China (north and south) were determined by comparing the PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns of the ITS-1 regions. Our study verified that the oysters collected from Korea were C. ariakensis based on the PCR-RFLP patterns. These results emphasize the value of molecular markers for identifying morphologically uncertain species.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.210-215
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• 2010

In an effort to isolate a bacterium producing chondroitin sulfate (CS), a marine bacterium, KS-1, which produces mucopolysaccharides, was isolated from seawater and identified as Marinobacter sp. based on analyses of its morphological and biochemical traits and 16S rDNA sequence. Agarose-gel electrophoresis showed that the KS-1 strain produces a CS-like mucopolysaccharide. Structural analysis using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed that the structure of the CS-like mucopolysaccharide produced by Marinobacter sp. KS-1 is similar to that of dermatan sulfate (CS B). However, the molecular mass of the CS-like mucopolysaccharide is higher than that of standard chondroitin sulfates. Considering the above results, we conclude that the Marinobacter sp. KS-1 produces a CS-like mucopolysaccharide that differs somewhat from CS B in molecular mass.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.24-29
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• 2007

Our objective was to clarify the cytogenetic characteristics, including karyotypes, cellular DNA content, and nuclear size of erythrocytes, of black plaice Pleuronectes obscurus, dotted gizzard shad Konosirus punctatus, and perch sculpin Pseudoblennius percoides, collected from the coastal areas of Jo Island, Busan, Korea. Karyotypes of P. obscurus and K. punctatus both had a diploid number of 48 and a fundamental number (FN) of 48, with a chromosome formula of 48T. The karyotype of p. percoides had a diploid number of 46 and FN of 56, with a chromosome formula of 10SM +36T. No sex-associated heteromorphic pairs were detected for any species. The variation in DNA values (P. obscurus=1.15 pg/nucleus, K. punctatus=1.56pg/nucleus, P. percoides=1.11 pg/nucleus) was positively related to variation in chromosome FN.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.6774-6781
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• 2014

This study examined the efficacy and the mechanism of action of biological response modifiers, ginsenosides Rb1 and Rg1 isolated from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer on human keratinocytes HaCaT cell lines. A non-significant cytotoxic response was obtained in the HaCaT cell lines on treatment with various concentrations of ginsenosides Rb1 and Rg1 for different time durations. Furthermore, the global changes in the mRNA profile of HaCaT cells were investigated using DNA microarrays after stimulation with the ginsenosides Rb1 and Rg1. Ginsenosides Rb1 and Rg1 strongly increased FGF2 in HaCaT cells, and were found to be a candidate gene for antioxidant activity and elasticity. Other key candidate genes for antioxidant activity, such as FANCD2, LEPR, and FAS, also show enhanced regulation in HaCaT cells treated with ginsenoside Rb1. This study will be useful for understanding the regulatory genes involved in skin elasticity and signal transduction pathway stimulated by the ginsenoside Rb1. This paper currently focuses on the key factors regulating the interaction of anti-aging principles and skin elasticity.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2005

Cell growth of the marine microalga Tetraselmis suecica was regulated by the addition of seaweed extracts in its culture medium. Of 26 species of seaweed tested, water-soluble extracts from Monostroma nitidum and Pachymeniopsis elliptica and methanol-soluble extract from Sargassum confilsum enhanced the growth of T suecica cells. The water extract of M. nitidum was the most effective, producing up to a 2-fold increase in cell density with the addition of 1 mg/mL of extract to the culture medium. Cell size, gross biochemical composition, fatty acids, and digestion efficiency all differed marginally between cultures of T suecica grown with and without the M. nitidum extract.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.29-33
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• 2004

The potential of phenanthrene to induce xenobiotic responses was investigated. Olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) was exposed to different levels of phenanthrene $(0.5,\;1\;and\;{\mu}M)$ for 4 weeks, Gill CYP450 content and EROD (ethoxyresorufin O-deethylation) activity were found to be significant in the flounders treated with the higher concentration of phenanthrene $(>1.0\;{\mu}M)$, however, there were no significant changes in gill PROD (penthoxyresorufin O-deethylation) activity in all treated group compared to the controls. This study demonstrated that phenanthrene has potential to induce gill cytochrome P450 and EROD enzyme in olive flounder.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.26 no.8
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• pp.1111-1118
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• 2013

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of whole linseed supplementation on performances and milk fatty acid composition of dairy cows. Thirty six Holstein Friesian crossbred lactating dairy cows were blocked by milking days first and then stratified random balanced for milk yields and body weight into three groups of 12 cows each. The control group received 300 g of palm oil. The second group was supplemented with 344 g/d of top-dressed whole linseed plus 150 g of palm oil and the third group was supplemented with 688 g/d of top-dressed whole linseed. All cows also received ad libitum grass silage (Brachiaria ruziziensis), had free access to clean water and were individually housed in a free-stall unit and individually fed according to treatments. Residual feeds were collected on 2 consecutive days weekly and at the end of the experiment. Feed samples were pooled to make representative samples for proximate and detergent analyses. Daily milk yields were recorded. Milk samples were collected on 2 consecutive days weekly. Live weights were recorded at the start and at the end of the experiment. Milk samples were taken on d 56 of the experiment and subjected to milk fatty acid composition. The results showed no statistical significant differences in intakes, live weight change, milk yields and milk compositions, however, C18:1, C18:3 and unsaturated FAs were increased while saturated FAs were reduced by whole linseed supplementation. It is recommended that the addition of 300 g/d oil from whole linseed could be beneficial to lactating dairy cows in early lactation.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.181-189
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• 2008

In this study, changes in total trans fatty acid (tFA) and fat contents were determined in soybean oil, shortening, and olive oil after potato sticks were fried 30 consecutive times, respectively. Prior to frying, the potato sticks contained 3.8% fat, with 43.2% tFAs, After the first frying in soybean oil, the total tFA content of the potato sticks sharply decreased to 3.2%, and then it gradually increased to 8.1 % after 30 consecutive times of frying. However, the total fat content of the potato sticks, fried in soybean oil increased to 15.2% after the first frying and thereafter it decreased to 9.75% with 30 repeated episodes of frying. When the potato sticks were fried in olive oil, similar changes in tFA and fat contents were shown; while such changes were not observed when shortening was used. After 30 consecutive frying events, the tFA contents in the soybean oil and olive oil increased to 4.15 and 5.75%, respectively; however, such an increase was not observed in the shortening. One can assume that most of the tFAs in the fried oils were from the potato sticks, which contained relatively high tFA content during the repeated deep-frying process.