• Horticultural Science & Technology
• /
• v.29 no.6
• /
• pp.651-654
• /
• 2011

Cymbidium 'Orange Bowl' (Lucky Rainbow 'Randevous' ${\times}$ 'Eastern Star') was developed from a cross between hybrids at the National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration in 2006. A cross was made between the pink colored flower C. Lucky Rainbow 'Randevous' as maternal line and pure yellow colored flower, C. 'Eastern Star' as paternal line in 1995. The seed germination, cultivation, selection, and characteristic trials were conducted from 1996 to 2006. The line was named as Wongyo F1-18 and phenotype was characterized in 2006 as a new 'Orange Bowl'. The 'Orange Bowl' has having light yellow basal color (RHS, YO21D) and orange line (RHS, OR30B) on both of sepal and petal with red lip (RHS, OR30B). 'Orange Bowl' has about 10.9 flowers per flower stalk and flower size of 7.4 cm. General appearance of the petals and sepals is slightly incurved shape. The plant size is intermediate having erect peduncle. Blooming is started from the late of January (mid winter) under optimal culture condition. Leaf attitude and twisting is half- erect and very weak respectively. This hybrid has attractive floral arrangement, long flower stalk (71.8 cm) and vigorous growth. We expect that 'Orange bowl' has a great potential for exporting to Chinese market.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
• /
• v.29 no.6
• /
• pp.610-616
• /
• 2011

Clubroot disease caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae, induces damage to cruciferous vegetables worldwide. For control of the disease, many CR (clubroot resistant) $F_1$ hybrid cultivars of Chinese cabbage have been bred and released in Korea. In this study, we determined the race of 10 field isolates of P. brassicae collected from ten regions in Korea using Williams' differential varieties and investigated the degree of resistance of 25 commercial CR cultivars of Chinese cabbage to the isolates. The clubroot pathogens were assigned into two (HS and YC), two (HN1 and HN2), two (DJ and SS) and four (GS, GN, JS, and PC) isolates for race 2, race 4, race 5, race 9, respectively. All CR cultivars showed similar response, resistant or susceptible, to each isolate and the P. brassicae isolates were divided into two groups. Among them, the DJ, GS, GN, HS, and JS isolates could not infect the CR cultivars. In contrast, the SS, HN1, HN2, PC, and YC isolates caused severe clubroot disease on the CR cultivars like susceptible cultivars. Even though they belong to the same race, the CR cultivars showed a different response to the pathogens. The results suggest that the breakdown of CR in Chinese cabbage has already occurred in cultivation areas of Korea and resistance source introduced in CR cultivars may be very limited. In addition, it is likely that resistance genes of Williams' differential varieties to P. brassicae are different from the gene of CR cultivars of Chinese cabbage used in the study.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.277-282
• /
• 2006

For searching the natural herbicide-components, the seed germination and seedling growth of receptor plant species (Brassica campestris, Sesamum indicum, Perilla frutescens and Echinochloa crus-galli) were investigated in four solvent-extracts extracted from Coptis chinensis Franch. The seed germination of receptor plant species was largely inhibited in 2,000 ppm of ethyl acetate compared to the control, and it was inhibited in order of P. frutescens, B. campestris, E. crux-galli, and S. indicum. In seedling growth, the shoot and root elongations of receptor plant species were inhibited in order of S. indicum, P. frutescens, B. campostris, and E. crus-galli. Root elongation was remarkably reduced in order of $H_2O$, butyl alcohol, and hexane, ethyl acetate extracts. Of four receptor plant species, seed germination and seedling growth of B. campestris and S. indicum showed the species-specific reaction to the solvent-extracts extracted from C. chinemis. $H_2O$ extract had a natural herbicide potential to the seed germination or root elongation in B. campestris and S. indicum. The result can be provided a basic data f3r the development of natural herbicide.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.131-137
• /
• 2006

This experiment was conducted to select prominent microorganisms with a good insecticidal activity among the ten species, which isolated from soil at the near of Chung-buk, Chung-nam, and Gang-won provinces and made protein crystal endotoxin. As a result, GB-413 strain was finally selected, which showed the high insecticidal activity against susceptible diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella), beet army worm (Spodoptera exigua) and tobacco cutworm (Spodoptera litura) as well as resistant diamondback moth strains. By modifying the cultivation process f.g. lowing the glucose concentration at early cultivation stage and adding the carbon after inducing the spores, the percentage of making spore as well as the number of active spore were increased and the time for cultivation and spore forming was reduced without a reduction of insecticidal activity. These results were not only applied successfully for the optimized cultivation process for a fermentation tank containing five tons capacity, but also improved the possibility of mass cultivation for commercial production.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.102-115
• /
• 2017

This study, focused on customers of tourist industry events, aims to examine the influence of service quality on customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. The overall explanatory power ($R^2$) on the dependent variable 'customer satisfaction' in relation to service quality was found to be 47.1%, and the overall explanatory power($R^2$) on the dependent variable 'customer loyalty' in relation to service quality was 36.6%. The F-test, which was conducted to determine the statistical significance of the above regression equation, showed a value of 157.599, thus confirming the statistical significance of the regression equation on how service quality affects customer loyalty. The t-test, was conducted to determine the statistically significant variables of service quality of tourism industry events (t=5.359, p= .000). Furthermore, the analysis showed that customer satisfaction had a positive (+) influence on customer loyalty (t=12.554, p= .000). Therefore the hypothesis that the quality of service affects customer satisfaction and loyalty was supported. As a result, it was found that the higher the level of service quality, tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, confidence empathy, and event quality, the higher the customer satisfaction level.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.20 no.7
• /
• pp.491-502
• /
• 2020

This study was aimed to verify moderated mediation effect between cognitive-flexibility and subjective economic status in the process that aging anxiety have an effect on psychological well-being. For this, online survey was conducted to 317(M:159, F:158) adults who ranged from 40 to 64 years old. Survey was conducted from 2017.9.3. to 9.28. Correlation analysis, regression analysis, and significant test was done through SPSS 21.0 and SPSS Macro. First, the analysis showed that meaningful correlation was found among aging anxiety, cognitive flexibility, subjective economic status and psychological well-being. Secondly, cognitive flexibility was found to have meaningful partial mediation effect(β = .530, p < .001) in the relationship between aging anxiety and psychological well-being. Thirdly, subjective economic status was found to have a meaningful moderation effect(β = .080, 𝜟R²=.006, p <.05) in the relationship between cognitive flexibility and psychological well-being. Fourthly, verification result by SPSS Macro showed that, mediation effect of cognitive flexibility and subjective economic status was existent in the relationship of aging anxiety and psychological well-being. Lastly, implications and limitations of this study and suggestions for future studies were discussed.

• Research in Plant Disease
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.142-147
• /
• 2011

In order to develop a environmentally friendly control protocol for managing tomato leaf mold disease in the field, we employed bacteria- and fungi-based commercially available microbial preparations. The field experiment was conducted from April to July in 2010. Average incidence rates tomato leaf mold caused by Fulvia fulva were 13.1% at the two plastic houses located in Jangsung, Jeonnam area. Initially 11 microbial preparations were tested for antifungal activity against F. fulva in vitro. Among them, 7 selected preparations showed to be inhibited the mycelial growth of the fungal pathogen over 50%. Four microbes suppressed disease incidence as much 50% under greenhouse condition. Eventually in the field two microbial products including Bacillus subtilis GB-0365 and B. subtilis KB-401 respectively were showed control value up to 71.8% for four times sprays from 20 days to 70 days after transplanting. Furthermore, the control value of three times spray program demonstrated 79.3%. Efficacy of the three and four spray programs was more effective than that of non-spray control treatment. Our results indicated that adjustment of application method of commercially available microbial preparation could be used to control a target plant disease as an effective and efficient crop protection system for organic farming.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
• /
• v.3 no.3
• /
• pp.223-235
• /
• 1987

Samples showing yellow mosaic symptom of Lilium spp. with necrotic fleck, stunting, malformation, and colour breaking were collected from lily-growing areas in the southern part of Korea. Two viruses were distinguished under a electron microscope and their host range, serological reaction, stability in sap, type of aphid transmission, and relations with cells and tissues were examined. Broad bean wilt virus (BBWV) was transmitted by sap-inoculation to 23 plant species in 8 families and by the aphid, Myzus persicae. This virus was inactivated after 10 min at 70C, at dilution of $10^{-3}$, and after 6 days at about 20C. Electron microscopic examination of purified preparation showed that the virus is spherical particle of 28nm in diameter. The virus reacted positively with BBWV-antiserum in agar gel diffusion test. In ultrathin sections of BBWV infected tissues, large aggregates or crystalline array of virus particles and vesicular body were found in the cytoplasm, vacuole, and nucleus of mesophyll cells. Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) was transmitted by sap-inoculation. Electron microscopic examination of its purified preparation showed spherical particles of 30nm in diameter. The virus reacted positively with CMV-Y strain-antiserum in agar gel diffusion test. In ultrathin sections of CMV infected tissues, crystalline array of virus particles were found in the vacuole and a large number 0f virus particles were found in the cytoplasm and the plasmodesmata of mesophyll cells. When each of these viruses was retransmitted to Lilium tigrinum. L. concolor, and L. auratum, BBWV induced slight symtoms and colour breaking, but CMV induced yellowing mosaic or necrotic fleck.

• Research in Plant Disease
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.75-80
• /
• 2018

From 2014 to 2016, Fusarium wilt disease was found on fassionfruit in Iksan and Jeju, Korea. Symptoms included wilting of foliage, drying and withering of leaves, and stunting of the plants. The infected plants eventually died during growth. Colonies on potato dextrose agar were pinkish white, and felted with cottony and aerial mycelia with 35 mm after one week. Macroconidia were falcate to almost straight, thin-walled and usually 2-3 septate. Microconidia were usually formed on monophialides of the hyphae and were hyaline, smooth, oval to ellipsoidal, aseptate or medianly 1-septate, very occasionally 2-septate, slightly constricted at the septa, $3-12{\times}2.5-6{\mu}m$. On the basis of the morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses of two molecular markers, internal transcribed spacer rDNA and translation elongation factor $1{\alpha}$, the fungus was identified as Fusarium oxysporum. Pathogenicity of a representative isolate was proved by artificial inoculation, fulfilling Koch's postulates. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the occurrence of F. oxysporum on fassionfruit in Korea.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.35-39
• /
• 2011

Objective: Diurnal preference is an attribute reflecting whether people are alert and preferring to be active either early or late in the day. It also referred to as chronotype or morningness-eveningness trait. The PER3 genes have been known to influence diurnal preference. In this study, we have investigated the associations between the PER3 gene polymorphisms and diurnal preference in a healthy young population, controlling for the social and environmental confounding factors. Methods: The participants in this experiment included 299 unrelated medical college students (M=191, F=108), with a mean age of 22.9 years. Diurnal preference was measured by a single administration of the 13-item Composite Scale for Morningness (CSM). Genotyping of the PER3 VNTR (rs57875989) was performed using polymerase chain reaction. A two-tailed alpha of 0.05 was chosen. Results: The mean${\pm}$SD score on the CSM scale for all subjects was 31.90${\pm}$6.39. There was no significant difference in total CSM score between gender groups, although females showed a trend towards higher morningness score. Although PER3 5R/5R showed the tendency towards high CSM scores, there were no significant differences on CSM scores among genotypes and allele status of PER3 VNTR (rs57875989). Conclusions: We could not confirm that the PER3 VNTR is associated with diurnal preference in a Korean healthy young population. The future studies need to investigate the association between diurnal preference and other polymorphisms of PER3 gene in larger sample of Korean young healthy population.