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Fusarium Wilt Caused by Fusarium oxysporum on Passionfruit in Korea

Fusarium oxysporum에 의한 패션프루트 시들음병

  • Joa, Jae-Ho (Citrus Research Institute, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science) ;
  • Choi, In-Young (Jeollabuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Choi, Min-Kyung (Jeollabuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Heo, Byong-Soo (Jeollabuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Jang, Jong-Ok (Citrus Research Institute, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science) ;
  • Shin, Hyeon-Dong (Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University)
  • 좌재호 (국립원예특작과학원 감귤연구소) ;
  • 최인영 (전라북도농업기술원) ;
  • 최민경 (전라북도농업기술원) ;
  • 허병수 (전라북도농업기술원) ;
  • 장종옥 (국립원예특작과학원 감귤연구소) ;
  • 신현동 (고려대학교 환경생태공학부)
  • Received : 2017.11.06
  • Accepted : 2017.12.04
  • Published : 2018.03.31

Abstract

From 2014 to 2016, Fusarium wilt disease was found on fassionfruit in Iksan and Jeju, Korea. Symptoms included wilting of foliage, drying and withering of leaves, and stunting of the plants. The infected plants eventually died during growth. Colonies on potato dextrose agar were pinkish white, and felted with cottony and aerial mycelia with 35 mm after one week. Macroconidia were falcate to almost straight, thin-walled and usually 2-3 septate. Microconidia were usually formed on monophialides of the hyphae and were hyaline, smooth, oval to ellipsoidal, aseptate or medianly 1-septate, very occasionally 2-septate, slightly constricted at the septa, $3-12{\times}2.5-6{\mu}m$. On the basis of the morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses of two molecular markers, internal transcribed spacer rDNA and translation elongation factor $1{\alpha}$, the fungus was identified as Fusarium oxysporum. Pathogenicity of a representative isolate was proved by artificial inoculation, fulfilling Koch's postulates. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the occurrence of F. oxysporum on fassionfruit in Korea.

2014년부터 2016년까지 전라북도농업기술원(익산)과 국립원예특작과학원 온난화대응농업연구소(제주)에서 패션프루트 시들음병이 관찰되었다. 병징은 생육 초기 건전주에 비해 생육이 더디고 새순부터 시듦 증상이 나타나기 시작하였으며, 오래된 잎은 마르고 뒤틀리다가 더 이상 생육하지 않고 말라 죽었다. 감자한천배지에서 균사 생육은 직경이 35 mm/7일이었으며, 핑크빛-흰색으로 양모상이었다. 병원균의 대형분생포자는 무색으로 투명하며, 길이가 짧고 굴곡진 모양-일자형으로 세포벽이 얇고 주로 2-3개의 격벽이 있었다. 소형분생포자는 균사로부터 monophialides 위에 형성되었으며, 투명하고, 난형-타원형이며, 격벽이 없거나 1개인데, 드물게 2개인 경우도 있었고, 크기는 $3-12{\times}2.5-6{\mu}m$이다. 균학적 특징, 병원성 검정, ITS rDNA, $EF-1{\alpha}$ 염기서열 비교분석 등의 결과를 바탕으로 이 병은 우리나라에서 지금까지 보고되지 않은 Fusarium oxysporum에 의한 '패션프루트 시들음병'으로 명명하고자 한다.

Keywords

References

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