• Speech Sciences
• /
• v.7 no.4
• /
• pp.169-186
• /
• 2000

This paper aims to confirm the mispronunciation of native Korean students due to the phonetic and phonological system differences between English and Korean, and to find the works-to-do by experiment. Many Korean students tend to differentiate the sounds of word-final stop consonants not by vowel duration or the allophones but by the phoneme of the consonant itself. In English, Stop sounds change through the conditions of the aspirated, unaspirated, or unreleased sounds. But in Korean they are not allophones of phonemes but distinct phonemes. Therefore, many Korean students are apt to add an extra vowel sound /i/ after the final stop consonant in the eve form due to both the unperception of the differences between the phonemes and the allophones of stop consonants, and the influence of the Korean sound-sequence relationship. Since the replacement of the allophones and extra vowel addition does not change the meaning, the importance was almost lost. Nevertheless, this kind of study is essential for the precise learning and the use of the English language.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.34 no.5
• /
• pp.1547-1552
• /
• 2014

AREX (Incheon Airport Railway Express) operates trains between Seoul and Incheon Airport. One type of trains stops on every 10 stations, and another only on the two end-stations which called an Express train. The passengers traveled on express trains are very small since there are only two stops, Seoul and Incheon Airport Stations. The passengers of express trains will be more attracted if the express train stops on the intermediate stops (Gimpo station) since Line #9 and Line #5 are connected to from Gangnam. An on-board survey was conducted to predict the potential demand in case the express train stops at the Gimpo station. Further the costs required to improve platforms of the station were estimated to figure out the economic feasibility against the demand increases. It analyzed 938 increases for the case of intermediate stopping on the same travel time condition and 1,299 increases for the case of extra stop with decreased travel time. The study concluded the latter case appears desirable in the stance of long-term while both cases are economically feasible.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.230-242
• /
• 2014

Objective : The purpose of this study is to report the Korean medicine treatment on Pustulosis Palmaris et Plataris with Extra-Palmoplantar lesions. Method : We adopted herbal medicine(Seungchung-tang-1, Eunjin-1), acupuncture and vapor treatment to treat Pustulosis Palmaris et Plantaris with Extra-Palmoplantar lesions. Steroids were administered for preventing aggravation. We observed patient's hot sensation, itching and pain of both hands and patient's itching and pain of both feet with the Visual Analogue scale(VAS). Also photographs were taken for judging inflammatory skin. Result : After the treatment, the grade of VAS was decreased from 10 to 0 and clinical symptoms were resolved. By judging photographs patient's inflammatory skin was cured. Administered steroid were also reduced from 15 mg per day to 0. Conclusion : This study shows that the Korean medicine treatment was effective to treat Pustulosis Palmaris et Plataris with Extra-Palmoplantar lesions and enable to stop steroid therapy.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.428-435
• /
• 2015

This paper presents the experimental study of cabin thermal comfort using a cold storage heat exchanger in a vehicle air-conditioning system. Recent vehicle-applied ISG functions for fuel economy and emission, but when vehicles stop, compressors in the air-conditioning system stop, and the cabin temperature sharply increases, making passengers feel thermal discomfort. This study conducts thermal comfort evaluation in the vehicle, which is applied to a cold storage system for the climate control wind tunnel test and the vehicle fleet road test with various airflow volume rates and ambient temperatures blowing to the cold storage heat exchanger. The experimental results, in the cold storage system, air discharge temperature is $3.1-4.2^{\circ}C$ lower than current air-conditioning system when the compressor stops and provides cold air for at least 38 extra seconds. In addition, the blowing airflow volume to the cold storage heat exchanger with various ambient temperature was examined for the control logic of the cold storage system, and in the results, the airflow volume rate is dominant over the outside temperature. For this study, a cold storage system is economically useful to keep the cabin at a thermally comfortable level during the short period when the engine stops in ISG vehicles.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
• /
• v.56 no.5
• /
• pp.958-965
• /
• 2007

The spreaders on container cranes are usually controlled to stop at the same time as their trolleys are stopped. Despite the use of adequate control systems, however, the spreaders usually have comparatively large sway movements, due to their suspension from the trolleys through cables. It is, therefore, important to accurately measure the attitudes of the spreaders, in order to suppress such sways by means of secondary control. Until now, most of conventional anti sway control systems focus on the direct control of the movements of trolleys. which seems not suitable to speed up the entire process - loading and unloading of containers. In this paper, we suggest a new anti sway control system: By using extra equipments - two propellers to suppress the sway and a PSD camera to measure the spreader's attitude - installed on the spreader and the trolley. the sway of the suspended load j, considerably suppressed. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is verified by the computer simulation and experiment with the miniature of the container crane system.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers C
• /
• v.55 no.1
• /
• pp.20-25
• /
• 2006

We suggest a novel temperature detection method utilized in temperature monitoring system. Suggested method detects temperature variation by using $R_{ds(on)}$ characteristics of MOSFET, while conventional methods are using extra devices such as a temperature sensor or an over-temperature detection transistor. For voltage detection between drain and source, 10 bits resolution ADC is needed. Therefore possible measurement signal range is about ten mV. If detected temperature's voltage exceed protection temperature's voltage then controller generates OT (Over Temperature) signal to stop MOSFET's trigger signal. Whole process of measurement is controlled by software. Experimental results show that the developed temperature monitoring system can provide the suitable temperature monitoring method and difference between detected and data sheet value of the suggested system is about $3\%$.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.984-995
• /
• 1996

Data errors according to the various noises caused in the satellite communication links are corrected by the Viterbi decoding algorithm which has extreme error correcting capability. In this paper, we designed and implemented a convolutional encoder and Viterbi decoder ASIC which is used to encode the input data at the transmit side and correct the errors of the received data at the receive side for use in the VSAT communication system. And this chip may be used in any BPSK, QPSK, or OQPSK transmission system. The ambiguity resolver corrects PSK modem ambiguities by delaying, interting, and/or exchanging code symbol to restore their original sequence and polarity. In case of previous decoding system, ambiguity state(AS) of data is resolved by external control logic and extra redundancy data are needed to resolve AS. But, by adopting decoder proposed in this paper, As of data is resolved automatically by internal logic of decoder in case of continuous mode, and by external As line withoug extra redudancy data in burst mode case. So, decoding parts are simple in continuous mode and transmission efficiency is increased in bust mode. The features of this chip are full duplex operation with independent transmit and receive control and clocks, start/stop inputs for use in burst mode systems, loopback function to verify encoder and decoder, and internal or external control to resolve ambinguity state. For verification of the function and performance of a fabricated ASIC chip, we equiped this chip in the Central and Remote Earth Station of VSAT system, and did the performance test using the commerical INTELSAT VII under the real satellite link environmens. The results of test were demonstrated the superiority of performance.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.15-27
• /
• 2003

Recently, the volume of data is increasing rapidly in server for multimedia service, according to development of multimedia application environment. In recent research for storage technology the technology like of the SAN(Storage Area Network) advantages in scalibility of storage devices, and can read data from multiple disk arrays through RAID 0, 5. The RAID 0 and 5 translate to logical address to physical address using equation, but in case of adding disks at the system with equation -based mapping, the problem that we must rearrange the whole data in the previous disks happens. We use the mapping table to solve this problem in recent, but we can not load the whole mapping table in main memory because it occupies too large space. Therefore the extra I/Os are demanded to evaluate real physical address of data, so total performance of the system is degraded. In this paper, we propose the mapping method that supports the scalibility in RAID 0 or 5 system. The proposing method applies small metadata, so- called SZIT and simple equation, so it is possible that we make translate logical address to physical address rapidly and it is scalable in disk extending simultaneously Our suggesting method, if we add disks to the striping system for expanding of storage capacity, has an advantage of never stop service. So, SZlT-based mapping method can do online-disk-expanding in real-time service.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
• /
• 2007.11a
• /
• pp.927-931
• /
• 2007

Nonsan green tourism is an agricultural tourism. Visitors can participate and experience the agricultural product harvests or particular farmer's work activities. For visitors it provide natural environment and to take freshen air with new rural activities. To the residents it creates extra benefits out of the visitors green tourism. But, for the time being, the characteristic point of the tourists behavior of this tour is 'stop and pass' style in a single day. To create various contents of this tour needs develop visitors to 'stay over night' program and examine the practical methods of traditional houses as its accommodation facilities.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.181-186
• /
• 2002

We study a role of the proto-accretion disk during the formation of the planetary system, which is motivated with recent X-ray observations. There is an observational correlation of the mass of extrasolar planets with their orbital period, which also shows the minimum orbital period. This is insufficiently accounted for by the selection effect alone. Besides, most of planetary formation theories predict the lower limit of semimajor axes of the planetary orbits around 0.01 AU. While the migration theory involving the accretion disk is the most favorable theory, it causes too fast migration and requires the braking mechanism to halt the planet~0.01 AU. The induced gap in the accretion disk due to the planet and/or the truncated disk are desperately required to stop the planet. We explore the planetary evaporation in the accretion disk as another possible scenario to explain the observational lack of massive close-in planets. We calculate the location where the planet is evaporated when the mass and the radius of the planet are given, and find that the evaporation location is approximately proportional to the mass of the planet as ${m_p}^{-1.3}$ and the radius of the planet as ${r_p}^{1.3}$. Therefore, we conclude that even the standard cool accretion disk becomes marginally hot to make the small planet evaporate at~0.01 AU. We discuss other auxiliary mechanisms which may provide the accretion disk with extra heats other than the viscous friction, which may consequently make a larger planet evaporate.