• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1996년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.275-279
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• 1996

In this study, the effect of external restraint on the thermal stresses and thermal cracking mode in mass concrete are analysed using the two major factors affecting external restraint such as the ratio of width go height of the placed structure (L/H) and the elastic modulus of base structure (E). For this parametric study, many cases with different values of L/H and Er are analysed by the FEM program and the co-relationship of the those major factors is examined. To evaluate the effect of external restraint on the thermal behavior of placing structure, internal restraint stress caused by temperature difference is subtracted from total thermal stress. In the case of small value of L/H or Er, it shows as internally restricted mode indicating maximum tensile stress in surface at early age, and the external restraint makes the possibility of thermal cracking higher. However, in the case of the large values of L/H and Er, the crack index at center is smaller than at surface due to the effect of external restraint. Thus, the initial location of the thermal crack is shifted from the surface to the center and the resulting crack is formed at later age.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.97-120
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• 2007

Development of information technology and Internet brought big changes in information society. Quantity of information increased rapidly and various types of information were presented through diverse channels. This change brought an impact in electronic commerce environment. A large number of products are transacted in online market. And various search functions and product information are presented for supporting customer's decision making. This study examined the effect of external information on purchase decision-making in electronic commerce environment. An experiment was conducted to see the customer product review, unit sales, etc. on purchase decision-making process in online shopping mall based electronic commerce. As a result of study, external information referring to number of purchasing, positive product review, and reliability of information has a positive effect on purchase-decision. The significance of the study can be found in that it defined 1) external information has an effect on decision-making, 2) positiveness and reliability of product information showed that they have an influence on customer, and 3) when self opinion and other person's opinion are different, one is not satisfied with decision making process. The results of the study can be of practical use in the design and implementation of online shopping mall in electronic commerce.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.125-136
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• 2016

The external R&D, which includes the adoption of the external technology and knowledge in addition to the internal R&D, is one of important factors for the innovation. Especially for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), the external R&D has been considered as a key factor to carry out the innovation more efficiently due to the limitations of their resources and capacities. However, most of extant studies related to external R&D have focused on analyzing the influence of external R&D on innovation outputs or outcomes. Only a few studies have explored the impact of external R&D on the innovation efficiency. This study therefore investigates whether the external R&D effects the industry's innovation efficiency and productivity. On this study, we used Korean manufacturing industry data of SMEs from 2012 to 2014 and employed a global Malmquist productivity analysis technique, which is based on the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), to assess the innovation efficiency and productivity. Innovation performances of external R&D group and internal R&D group are compared. Then, the sectoral patterns of both innovation efficiency and productivity are analyzed with respect to the technological intensity, which is introduced by OECD. The results show that the gap of innovation efficiency between external and internal R&D groups has gradually decreased because of the continuous improvement of the external R&D group's performance, while the external R&D group lag behind the internal R&D group. In addition, patterns of the innovation efficiency and productivity change were different depending on the technological intensity, which means that the higher the technological intensity, the greater the effect of external R&D.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.303-314
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• 2010

이 논문에서는 외부강선으로 긴장된 PSC 거더의 비선형 해석방법에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 외부강선은 정착부와 편향부에서만 부재와 일체로 거동을 하고 정착부-편향부, 편향부-편향부 사이에서 독립적인 거동을 보이는 특성으로 인해 구조물의 처짐이 증가할 경우 부재와 외부강선의 편심량이 감소하여 모멘트가 변화하는 2차 효과(secondary effect)가 발생한다. 또한 편향부에서 외부강선의 인장력 차이로 인해 슬립(slip)이 발생할 경우 외부강선의 인장력이 재분배되어 복잡한 비선형 거동을 보이게 된다. 이 논문에서는 정착부-편향부, 편향부-편향부 사이의 외부강선을 여러 개의 곡선요소로 모사하고, 편향부에서의 마찰력과 driving force(미끄러지는 힘)의 평형관계를 이용하여 외부강선의 인장력을 재분배함으로써 편향부에서의 슬립효과를 고려하였다. 이 논문에서 제시한 외부강선의 유한요소모델과 해석방법을 저자들이 개발한 시공단계를 고려한 PSC 뼈대의 비선형 해석 프로그램에 통합하고, 외부강선으로 긴장된 PSC 보의 해석에 적용하여 외부강선에 대한 유한요소모델 및 해석방법의 정당성과 적용성을 확인하였다. 또한 편향부의 수와 편향부에서의 마찰계수에 따른 극한거동을 검토해본 결과, 편향부의 수가 증가할수록 PSC 보의 항복하중과 극한하중은 증가하였으며, 편향부에서의 마찰계수에 따른 극한거동은 외부강선과 편향부 사이의 마찰력으로 인해 부재에 전달되는 모멘트의 영향에 따라 마찰계수가 적정한 값일 경우에 극한내력이 최대치를 보이는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.313-323
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine effect of attribution disposition and self-efficacy on test anxiety in selected college students who major in dental hygiene. This study provides basic data to develop a program for dental hygiene students to reduce test anxiety. Methods : 328 students from A college in Kyungnam, B college in Chunnam and C university in Chungnam who majored in dental hygiene were asked to answer the self-efficacy scale, attribution disposition and test anxiety scale in November and December. 2008. Total of 311 copies were analyzed. Using SPSS 15.0, correlation analysis was conducted and structural model was verified using AMOS 7.0. Evaluation of mediated effect of attribution disposition in suggested structural model was assessed using Sobel verification. Results : 1. Looking at the correlation among self-efficacy, attribution disposition and test anxiety. Self-efficacy had negative relation with external attribution disposition and test anxiety. External attribution disposition had positive relation with test anxiety. 2. Path coefficient from self-efficacy to internal attribution disposition was significant positively and path coefficient from self-efficacy to external attribution disposition was significant negatively. However, the path coefficient from self-efficacy to test anxiety was insignificant. 3. Path coefficient from external attribution disposition to self-efficacy was positively significant. However, the path coefficient from internal attribution disposition to self-efficacy was not significant statistically. 4. In structural model among attribution disposition, test anxiety and self-efficacy, indirect effect of external attribution dispositions was significant statistically. The students with higher self-efficacy showed lower external attribution disposition, the students with lower external attribution disposition showed lower test anxiety. Conclusions : To reduce test anxiety, educators should find a strategy that can improve students' self-efficacy and change their attribution disposition.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제11권11호
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• pp.125-136
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• 2021

급격한 기술의 발전 및 환경의 변화와 함께 국경없는 글로벌시대의 치열한 경쟁환경속에서 기업의 생존을 위해 혁신은 필수적이며, 기업내부의 노력뿐만 아니라, 기업 외부로부터의 자원과 지식을 획득하고 이를 내재화하여 자신만의 경쟁우위를 확보하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 기업 내부요인으로 내부 R&D 역량과 조직 지원, 기업 외부요인으로 외부 R&D 역량과 외부지식탐색, 그리고 흡수역량이 성과에 미치는 관계를 살펴보았다. 분석결과, 내부 R&D 역량, 조직지원, 외부지식탐색은 흡수역량에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 혁신 성과는 신제품 성과에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 흡수역량의 매개효과는 검증되지 못하였으며, 이는 흡수역량이 혁신성과 및 신제품성과와의 관련성이 낮거나, 흡수역량과 성과변수 사이에 다른 중요한 요인이 작용한다는 것을 시사한다. 본 연구의 결과는 기업에서 R&D전략의 수립시에 유용한 지침으로 활용 가능할 것으로 보인다.

• 중소기업연구
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.77-94
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• 2019

중소기업의 성장과 지속을 위한 중요한 요인인 신제품 매출에 대한 외부기관 협력의 영향과 변수 간에서 기술혁신의 매개효과 및 마케팅 역량의 조절효과, 마지막으로 마케팅 역량으로 조절된 기술혁신의 매개효과에 대한 실증연구이다. 회귀분석결과 중소기업의 R&D 분야에서 외부기관 협력이 신제품 매출에 유의한 영향을 주고, 외부기관 협력과 신제품 매출의 관계에서 기술혁신은 매개역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 기술혁신과 신제품 매출 간의 관계에서 마케팅 역량의 절역할은 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 이는 마케팅 역량이 낮은 기업의 경우에는 신제품 매출에 대한 기술혁신의 효과가 크게 나타나고, 반대로 마케팅 역량이 높은 기업의 경우에는 상대적으로 신제품 매출에 대한 기술혁신의 효과는 낮게 나타남을 의미한다. 마지막으로 기술혁신이 마케팅 역량으로 조절된 매개역할은 유의하지는 않은 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.73-85
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to understand the influence of the professor's image making (internal, external, social image) perceived by college students on instructional outcomes. The influence of the professor's image making on class satisfaction and class commitment was analyzed, and the mediating effect of class satisfaction and the relationship between class satisfaction and class commitment in the relationship between image making and class commitment was considered. First, it was found that the external image and social image of the professor had a significant effect on class satisfaction. The level of interpersonal relations, such as communication, manners, manners, and intimacy as well as the management of external expressions, clothing style, makeup, hair, gestures, postures, attitudes, voices, speech, and speech speed brings satisfaction to the class. Second, it was found that the professor's inner image, outer image, and social image had a significant effect on class commitment. In order to satisfy the students' immersion in class, professors are required to manage internal, external, and social images. Third, it was found that class satisfaction had a significant effect on class commitment. If the class satisfaction is high, it means that class immersion also increases. Fourth, as for the social image of a professor, it was found that class satisfaction had a completely mediating effect in the relationship between class commitment, and the external image of a professor was found to have a partial mediating effect in class satisfaction in the relationship between class commitment. It was found that the social image of professors perceived by college students improve class satisfaction, and this improves class satisfaction further enhances class immersion.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 2007년도 추계 학술대회논문집
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• pp.149-156
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• 2007

A three-dimensional inviscid flow solver has been developed based on unstructured meshes for the simulation of steady and unsteady flowfields around a generic fighter aircraft and for the investigation of the aerodynamic interference between the external stores and the tail surfaces. The flow solver is based on a vertex-centered finite-volume method and an implicit point Gauss-Seidel relaxation scheme. To validate the flow solver, calculations were made for a steady flow and the computed results were compared with experimental data. An unsteady time-accurate computation of the generic fighter aircraft with external stores at transonic flight conditions showed that the external stores cause undesirable vibration on the horizontal tail surface due to the mutual interference between their wake and the horizontal tail surface. It was shown that downward deflection of the trailing edge flap significantly reduces the undesirable interference effect.

• 무역학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.73-84
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• 2019

This study focuses on previous research that explored the external knowledge reflecting the characteristics of SMEs and that should be considered because of the limited capacity of SMEs. This study examines the effects of open innovation and SMEs on export performance, focuses on government support as a way to supplement the limited capacity of SMEs, and analyzes the moderating effects of government support. An examination of 1,358 samples revealed that the breadth of external knowledge, depth of external knowledge, and government support had a significant impact on the export performance of SMEs. The effect of exploration of external knowledge (breadth and depth) of SMEs on the export performance of SMEs is significant both in breadth and depth when government support is provided, but only depth is significant when there is no government support.