• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
• /
• 2017.06a
• /
• pp.167-167
• /
• 2017

Our previous study for developing seeds of Iksan 526 (I.526), an inbred line of resveratrol-producing transgenic rice line, showed that, in 20 days after heading (DAH) seeds, resveratrol was almost saturated and accumulation of piceid was highest though the expression of Arachis hypogaea resveratrol synthase 3 (AhRS3, GenBank DQ124938) was highest in 31 DAH seeds. In this study, it was investigated how the overexpression of AhRS3 affects phenylpropanoid pathway genes. p-Coumaroyl-CoA is derived from phenylpropanoid pathway and used as a substrate of AhRS3 reaction for resveratrol production. In 6, 13, 20, 31 and 41 (45 for Dongjin) DAH seeds of I526 and Dongjin, a wild type of I.526, respectively, the expression pattern of phenylpropanoid pathway genes, including phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL: LOC_Os02g41630.2, LOC_Os04g43760.1), cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (C4H: LOC_Os05g25640.1), 4-coumarate-CoA ligase (4CL: LOC_Os02g08100.1), cinnamoyl-CoA reductase (CCR: LOC_ Os09g25150.1, LOC_Os08g34280.1), hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA shikimate/quinate hydroxycinnamoyl transferase (HCT: LOC_Os04g42250.2, LOC_Os02g39850.1) and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD: LOC_Os02g09490.1), was examined using real time (RT)-PCR. Compared to developing seeds of Dongjin, RT-PCR results showed that the expression pattern of phenylpropanoid pathway genes was modified in developing seeds of I.526. In most genes, except for CAD, of I.526 developing seeds, the gene expression was highest in 20 DAH corresponding to biosynthesis of resveratrol and piceid, i.e. the expression of phenylpropanoid pathway genes was gradually increased by 20 DAH and decreased as seeds develop. Especially, in Dongjin, the highest expression of PALs and 4CL was in 6 DAH and their expression was gradually decreased as seeds develop. These genes expression data also exhibited that, in developing seeds of I.526, phenylpropanoid pathway genes were slightly or significantly (in some genes) upregulated compared to Dongjin. Therefore, the overexpression of AhRS3 changed the expression pattern of phenylpropanoid pathway genes in I.526 developing seeds and this modification for gene expression is closely related to biosynthesis of resveratrol and piceid.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
• /
• 2017.06a
• /
• pp.105-105
• /
• 2017

Our previous study for developing seeds of Iksan 526 (I.526), an inbred line of resveratrol-producing transgenic rice line, showed that, in 20 days after heading (DAH) seeds, resveratrol was almost saturated and accumulation of piceid was highest though the expression of Arachis hypogaea resveratrol synthase 3 (AhRS3, GenBank DQ124938) was highest in 31 DAH seeds. In this study, it was investigated how the overexpression of AhRS3 affects phenylpropanoid pathway genes. p-Coumaroyl-CoA is derived from phenylpropanoid pathway and used as a substrate of AhRS3 reaction for resveratrol production. In 6, 13, 20, 31 and 41 (45 for Dongjin) DAH seeds of I526 and Dongjin, a wild type of I.526, respectively, the expression pattern of phenylpropanoid pathway genes, including phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL: LOC_Os02g41630.2, LOC_Os04g43760.1), cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (C4H: LOC_Os05g25640.1), 4-coumarate-CoA ligase (4CL: LOC_Os02g08100.1), cinnamoyl-CoA reductase (CCR: LOC_Os09g25150.1, LOC_Os08g34280.1), hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA shikimate/quinate hydroxycinnamoyl transferase (HCT: LOC_Os04g42250.2, LOC_Os02g39850.1) and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD: LOC_Os02g09490.1), was examined using real time (RT)-PCR. Compared to developing seeds of Dongjin, RT-PCR results showed that the expression pattern of phenylpropanoid pathway genes was modified in developing seeds of I.526. In most genes, except for CAD, of I.526 developing seeds, the gene expression was highest in 20 DAH corresponding to biosynthesis of resveratrol and piceid, i.e. the expression of phenylpropanoid pathway genes was gradually increased by 20 DAH and decreased as seeds develop. Especially, in Dongjin, the highest expression of PALs and 4CL was in 6 DAH and their expression was gradually decreased as seeds develop. These genes expression data also exhibited that, in developing seeds of I.526, phenylpropanoid pathway genes were slightly or significantly (in some genes) upregulated compared to Dongjin. Therefore, the overexpression of AhRS3 changed the expression pattern of phenylpropanoid pathway genes in I.526 developing seeds and this modification for gene expression is closely related to biosynthesis of resveratrol and piceid.

• Molecules and Cells
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.436-442
• /
• 2006

Different proliferation of neuroblast 6-4 (NB6-4) in the thorax and abdomen produces segmental specific expression pattern of several neuroblast marker genes. NB6-4 is divided to form four medialmost cell body glia (MM-CBG) per segment in thorax and two MM-CBG per segment in abdomen. As homeotic genes determine the identities of embryonic segments along the A/P axis, we investigated if temporal and specific expression of homeotic genes affects MM-CBG patterns in thorax and abdomen. A Ubx loss-of-function mutation was found to hardly affect MM-CBG formation, whereas abd-A and Abd-B caused the transformation of abdominal MM-CBG to their thoracic counterparts. On the other hand, gain-of-function mutants of Ubx, abd-A and Abd-B genes reduced the number of thoracic MM-CBG, indicating that thoracic MM-CBG resembled abdominal MM-CBG. However, mutations in Polycomb group (PcG) genes, which are negative transregulators of homeotic genes, did not cause the thoracic to abdominal MM-CBG pattern transformation although the number of MM-CBG in a few percent of embryos were partially reduced or abnormally patterned. Our results indicate that temporal and spatial expression of the homeotic genes is important to determine segmental-specificity of NB6-4 daughter cells along the anterior-posterior (A/P) axis.

• Journal of Photoscience
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.373-375
• /
• 2002

Lhcb genes encoding light-harvesting chlorophyll-a/b binding (LHC) proteins of photosystem (PS) II were comprehensively characterized using the expressed sequence tag (EST) databases in the green alga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The gene family was composed of eight Lhcb genes including four new genes, which were isolated and sequenced. The effects of light intensity on the levels of mRNAs accumulation of multiple Lhcb genes were studied under various conditions. The results indicate that Lhcb genes are coordinately regulated in response to light conditions, and repressed when the input light energy exceeded the requirement for $CO_2$ assimilation. The effects of high light on the expression of the Lhcb genes observed in the presence of an electron transport inhibitor, DCMU, and in mutants deficient in photosynthetic reaction centers suggest the presence of two alternative mechanisms for regulating the genes expression under high-light conditions.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.22 no.6
• /
• pp.871-884
• /
• 2009

Gene expression profiling is a useful tool for identifying critical genes and pathways in metabolism. The objective of this study was to determine the major differences in the expression of genes associated with metabolism and metabolic regulation in liver and mammary tissues of lactating cows. We used the Michigan State University bovine metabolism (BMET) microarray; previously, we have designed a bovine metabolism-focused microarray containing known genes of metabolic interest using publicly available genomic internet database resources. This is a high-density array of 70mer oligonucleotides representing 2,349 bovine genes. The expression of 922 genes was different at p<0.05, and 398 genes (17%) were differentially expressed by two-fold or more with 222 higher in liver and 176 higher in mammary tissue. Gene ontology categories with a high percentage of genes more highly expressed in liver than mammary tissues included carbohydrate metabolism (glycolysis, glucoenogenesis, propanoate metabolism, butanoate metabolism, electron carrier and donor activity), lipid metabolism (fatty acid oxidation, chylomicron/lipid transport, bile acid metabolism, cholesterol metabolism, steroid metabolism, ketone body formation), and amino acid/nitrogen metabolism (amino acid biosynthetic process, amino acid catabolic process, urea cycle, and glutathione metabolic process). Categories with more genes highly expressed in mammary than liver tissue included amino acid and sugar transporters and MAPK, Wnt, and JAK-STAT signaling pathways. Real-time PCR analysis showed consistent results with those of microarray analysis for all 12 genes tested. In conclusion, microarray analyses clearly identified differential gene expression profiles between hepatic and mammary tissues that are consistent with the differences in metabolism of these two tissues. This study enables understanding of the molecular basis of metabolic adaptation of the liver and mammary gland during lactation in bovine species.

• Proceedings of the Korean Statistical Society Conference
• /
• 2002.05a
• /
• pp.85-90
• /
• 2002

Microarray technology allows the monitoring of expression levels for thousands of genes simultaneously. In time-course experiments in which gene expression is monitored over time we are interested in testing gene expression profiles for different experimental groups. We propose a statistical test based on the ANOVA model to identify genes that have different gene expression profiles among experimental groups in time-course experiments. Using this test, we can detect genes that have different gene expression profiles among experimental groups. The proposed model is illustrated using cDNA microarrays of 3,840 genes obtained in an experiment to search for changes in gene expression profiles during neuronal differentiation of cortical stem cells.

• Journal of fish pathology
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.287-292
• /
• 2005

In the present study, immune gene expression of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, against bacterial endotoxin (LPS) was studied in vivo. The expression of prointflammatory cytokine genes (IL-1$\beta$ and TNF-$\alpha$) and IFN-related genes (IRF-I, Mx-3) at gill was assessed by RT-PCR at different time point of day1 and day 3 post-injection. It was shown that the proinflammatory cytokine gene expression at gill was induced 1 day after LPS injection but the expression was not sustained until day 3. Meanwhile upregulated expression of IFN-related genes was found to be only at day 3 post injection, indicating indirect effect of LPS on these genes.

• Biomedical Science Letters
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.261-263
• /
• 2009

Methylprednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid which is usually taken intravenously for many neurosurgical diseases which cause edema including brain tumor, and trauma including spinal cord injury. Methylprednisolone reduces swelling and decreases the body's immune response. It is also used to treat many immune and allergic disorders, such as arthritis, lupus, psoriasis, asthma, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's disease. To identify genes expressed during methylprednisolone treatment against neurons of rats (PC12 cells), DNA microarray method was used. We have isolated 2 gene groups (up- or down-regulated genes) which are methylprednisolone differentially expressed in neurons. Lipocalin 3 is the gene most significantly increased among 772 up-regulated genes (more than 2 fold over-expression) and Aristaless 3 is the gene most dramatically decreased among 959 down-regulated genes (more than 2 fold down-expression). The gene increased expression of Fgb, Thbd, Cfi, F3, Kngl, Serpinel, C3, Tnfrsf4 and Il8rb are involved stress-response gene, and Nfkbia, Casp7, Pik3rl, I11b, Unc5a, Tgfb2, Kitl and Fgf15 are strongly associated with development. Cell cycle associated genes (Mcm6, Ccnb2, Plk1, Ccnd1, E2f1, Cdc2a, Tgfa, Dusp6, Id3) and cell proliferation associated genes (Ccl2, Tnfsf13, Csf2, Kit, Pim1, Nr3c1, Chrm4, Fosl1, Spp1) are down-regulated more than 2 times by methylprednisolone treatment. Among the genes described above, 4 up-regulated genes are confirmed those expression by RT-PCR. We found that methylprednisolone is related to expression of many genes associated with stress response, development, cell cycle, and cell proliferation by DNA microarray analysis. However, We think further experimental molecular studies will be needed to figure out the exact biological function of various genes described above and the physiological change of neuronal cells by methylprednisolone. The resulting data will give the one of the good clues for understanding of methylprednisolone under molecular level in the neurons.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Applied Microbiology Conference
• /
• 2004.06a
• /
• pp.258-265
• /
• 2004

Numerous genes of Escherichia coli have been shown to growth phase-dependent expression throughout growth. The global patterns of growth phase-dependent gene expression of E. coli throughout growth using oligonucleotide microarrays containing a nearly complete set of 4,289 annotated open reading frames. To determine the change of gene expression throughout growth, we compared RNAs taken from timecourses with common reference RNA, which is combined with equal amount of RNA pooled from each time point. The hierarchical clustering of the conditions in accordance with timecourse expression revealed that growth phases were clustered into four classes, consistent with known physiological growth status. We analyzed the differences of expression levels at genome level in both exponential and stationary growth phase cultures. Statistical analysis showed that 213 genes are shown to, growth phase-dependent expression. We also analyzed the expression of 256 known operons and 208 regulatory genes. To assess the global impact of RpoS, we identified 193 genes coregulated with rpoS and their expression levels were examined in the isogenic rpoS mutant. The results revealed that 99 of 193 were novel RpoS-dependent stationary phase-induced genes and the majority of those are functionally unknown. Our data provide that global changes and adjustments of gene expression are coordinately regulated by growth transition in E. coli.

• Animal Bioscience
• /
• v.36 no.5
• /
• pp.704-709
• /
• 2023

Objective: In tropical, subtropical and arid zones, heat stress is the main cause of productivity reduction in cattle. When climate stressors occur, animals become thermal adapted through differential expression of some genes, including heat shock proteins (HSP) family. The aim of this study was to determine levels of expression of HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90 genes in Simmental cattle raised in tropical environments of Mexico. Methods: In this study, expression of HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90 genes was analyzed in 116 Simmental cattle from three farms with tropical climate located in western Mexico. Animals were sampled twice a day, in the morning and noon. Gene expression was evaluated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction using probes marked with fluorescence. The MIXED procedure of SAS with repeated measures was used for all statistical analysis. Results: HSP60 gene expression differences were found for sex (p = 0.0349). HSP70 gene differences were detected for sampling hour (p = 0.0042), farm (p<0.0001), sex (p = 0.0476), and the interaction sampling hour×farm (p = 0.0002). Gene expression differences for HSP90 were observed for farm (p<0.0001) and year (p = 0.0521). HSP70 gene showed to be a better marker of heat stress than HSP60 and HSP90 genes. Conclusion: Expression of HSP70 gene in Simmental herds of the tropical region of western México was different during early morning and noon, but the expression of the HSP60 and HSP90 genes was similar. Identification of resilient animals to heat stress will be useful in the genetic improvement of the Simmental breed.