• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.193-201
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• 2016

Purpose: The aim of the study is to determine factors influencing quality of caregiving by caregivers for the elderly with dementia. Methods: Data were collected from 87 caregivers for elders with dementia who had visited in Busan Metropolitan Center for Dementia and D-University hospital outpatient center from July 10 to September 30, 2015. A self-reported questionnaire was used to assess the severity of the elders' dementia and knowledge of dementia, burdens and quality of caregiving by the caregivers. The SPSS 21.0 version program was used for data analysis. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, t-test, ANOVA and multiple regression. Results: Significant predictors of quality of caregiving by caregivers included caregivers' burdens (explanation power 25%), knowledge of dementia (explanation power 4%) and levels of education (explanation power 3%). These factors explained 32.3% of the variances in quality of caregiving. Conclusion: Burdens on caregivers were a major factor that decreased quality of caregiving, and knowledge of dementia was a factor that increased it. These findings show that educational programs and intervention for reducing burdens and improving knowledge of dementia are necessary to improve quality of caregiving by caregivers.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.1324-1335
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of PCK designed instruction on academic achievement and self-efficacy for underachievers in science of elementary school. The hypotheses were as follows: First, PCK designed science instruction would improve academic achievement of the children. Second, PCK designed science instruction would improve academic self- efficacy of the children. The subject was 14 students of forth graders of elementary school who are underachievers in science class. For group composition, self efficacy test and science achievement test were conducted and they were divided into experimental group and control group. Each group has 7 participants. A total of 16 sessions were conducted for 8 weeks, twice per week, with experimental group were taught PCK designed classes while control group were taught teacher-led explanation type class. The result of statistical analyses were as follows: First, the experimental group in PCK designed class showed more improvement on academic achievement than the control group in the teacher-led explanation type class. Second, the experimental group in PCK designed class showed more improvement on self efficacy than the control group in the teacher-led explanation type class.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.71-86
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• 2012

The study was a descriptive research to investigate the effect of job satisfaction and self-leadership of members of small and middle-sized hospital on organizational commitment. Collection of data was conducted throughout members of small and middle-sized hospitals with explanation of purpose from 2011, Oct, 1st to 10th. Collected data was analyzed by T-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test and hierarchical regression analysis with utilizing SPSS Win 16.0. As a result of the expected effect, a degree of effect on organizational commitment has explanation 65.1%(F=183.804) on job satisfaction and self leadership. Also, it was job satisfaction that was found to be more effective, where explanation for it was ${\beta}$=.755 and self-leadership ${\beta}$=.264. With considering these facts, both factors are effective for organizational commitment. Therefore, to improve organizational commitment, it pays systemized strategies and ever more proactive efforts. To strengthen the self leadership, it needs changes in cultural aspects of hospitals to enlarge accessibility to information and opportunities for education and to expand freedom in their responsibility. Great effort on changing in cultural aspects of hospital would, based on effective interrelationship with members, improve efficacies of organization and efficiency of management.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.1-18
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• 1994

The purpose of this study is to find the differences between the husband's and wife's satisfaction of home life. This study is also to compare and analyze some empirical influence on life satisfaction of husband and wife according to home socio-demographic variables and subjective evaluation of economic level including their perception levels of home economics circumstance. The major results are as follows; 1. The husband's score of life satisfaction shows signifcantly more than wife's score that is his score is 3.36 and her score is 3.19. 2. The variables which affect couple's life satisfaction are the perception of resource adequacy the perception of the adequacy of household income, the evaluation level of resource contribution and the perception of level of living relative to others. The most influential variable of the husband is the perception of resource adequacy, while the most influential variable of the sife is the evaluation level of resource contribution. 3. The result of the relative contribution for the variables of life satisfaction are as follows. The explanation of husband's sociodemographic variable is 11.5% if variable of subjective evaluation of economic level is added the explain power is 34.1%(increase, 22.6% (p<0.001)) The explanation of wife's socio-demographic variable is 9.8% If variable of subjective evaluation of economic level is added the explanation is 41.2% (increase 31.4% (p<0.001)).

• School Mathematics
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.563-580
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• 2011

This study is centered on the application of metaphor theory to math education from the cognitive-linguistic view. This study, at first, introduced what metaphor is, and looked into it from the math-educational view. Furthermore, on the basis of that, this study examined the significance of metaphor to math education, and dealt with its relevance to math education, focusing on the functions that metaphor has. This study says that metaphor has the function of explanation, elaboration and representation. In addition, this study examplifies that using metaphor can be an effective math learning strategy for mathematical concept explanation, mathematical connection and mathematical representation learning.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.69-101
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• 2011

Based on the previous translation studies and "WHO-IST", we selected terminology, which are required the definition and explanation among jargon expressed in "Dongeuisusebowon Discourse on Nature and Act", and the procedure of the definition, explanation, and translation in Korean and English has been followed. The outcomes of this study are presented as below: First, based on the existing translation studies, Korean and English translation of "Dongeuisusebowon Discourse on Nature and Act" is provided. Second, few of Terminology in "Dongeuisusebowon(東醫壽世保元)" have been written in WHO-IST, even most of them have been standardized in terms of "Huang Di Nei Jing(黃帝內經)". Therefore, terminology related to Four-constitution medicine in WHO-IST would be required to be corrected, and unattatched terminology should be added in the future. Third, in order to standardize and globalize Four-constitution medicine, further definition, explanation, and translation studies of the rest of Dongeuisusebowon should be continued.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.290-301
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• 2017

Purpose: This study was aimed to identify the level of emotional labor, job stress and professional quality of life and to identify the factors affecting on professional quality of life among nurses in long-term care hospitals. Methods: 136 nurses working at eight different long-term care hospitals were recruited from May 1 to June 30, 2016. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and stepwise multiple regression using SPSS/WIN 22.0. Results: Professional quality of life is consisted of three subcategories as compassion satisfaction, secondary traumatic stress and burn-out. As for the factors affecting on compassion satisfaction, age, satisfaction on working ward and shift pattern of duties were significant factors. The three variables' explanation power on compassion satisfaction was 25.0%. As for factors affecting on secondary traumatic stress, emotional labor was a significant factor. The emotional labor's explanation power on secondary traumatic stress was 13.0%. Factors affecting on burn-out, emotional labor, age, and health condition were significant factors. The three variables' explanation power on burnout is 31.0%. Conclusion: On the basis of results, program development are required to relieve emotional labor and job stress for nurses at long-term care hospitals and to improve their professional quality of life.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.307-325
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• 2007

Examining the standards of review adopted by the dispute settlement body of the WTO in its decision on safeguard measures, the Appellate Body offers no coherent guidance or theory as to the legitimation of the safeguard measures adopted by the domestic authorities. It faults the lack of reasoned and adequate explanation in the national authorities' decision to impose safeguard measures, yet its own explanation of the permissible role for safeguard measure could hardly be less instructive. The Appellate Body has consistently emphasized fidelity to text in its decision but that approach can not work properly when the text is fundamentally deficient from the viewpoints that neither Article XIX nor the safeguard Agreement establish a coherent foundation for safeguard measures due to their vague and abstract provision. Without any coherent theory on guidance as to the legitimation of the safeguard measures, it would be absurd to expect WTO members to produce a reasoned and adequate explanation as to how their safeguard measures are in compliance with the WTO roles. In the absence of a thorough renegotiation for the proper operation of the WTO safeguard system, which seems quite unlikely for the foreseeable future, perhaps the unique method out of the current predicament is for the Appellate Body to lead a movement in establishing a sensible common law of safeguards, drawing on extra-textual guidance including the standards of review about their proper role in the WTO safeguard mechanism.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.67-78
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• 1998

The purposes of this study is to find middle school student's needs for Home Economics Curriculum and the family life participation. The samples are 323 middle school students in Kangneung. The results of this study are summarized follows; 1. It is shown that the family life participation of boys was higher than that of girls. 2. Variables that affect middle school student's needs for Home Economics curriculum are needs for Home Economics, number of brothers and sisters and the age for mother. 3. Variables that affect middle school student's the family life participation are human development and family relationship, the clothing, participation in class of Home Economics, perception of life status and sex. 4. The relative contributions of independent variables of the family life participation of middle school students are as follows. The degree of explanation of middle school student's family environmental variable is 12.2%. Adding the variable of Home Economics course, the degree of explanation is increased to 21.8%(deviation 9.6%). Adding the variable of needs for Home Economics curriculum, the degree of explanation is increased to 33.1% (deviation 11.3%).

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.218-223
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• 2009

This dissertation about the wrong answer note model development which is individualized investigates a problem. The method which is used from here uses a group sincerity and adds wrong answer analysis leads and to the wrong answer person explanation note of the pattern which is similar refers a wrong answer note explanation. The result which this dissertation is principal will reach to the wrong answer where is not the explanation about right answer and the process which is incorrect and a wrong answer will seek will be able to arrange. There is a possibility of finding the solution which existing wrong answer note system is improved with the method which is proposed.