• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.24-28
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• 2000

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of ultrafiltration (UF) process variables on permeate flux and membrane resistance and to clarify apple vinegar for quality improvement. Apple vinegar was clarified in a laboratory ultrafiltration system with hollow fiber membrane made of polysulfone and MWCO 30,000 and 10,000. The permeate flux increased with the increase of flow rate and the optimum pressure was $1.5\;kgf/cm^2$ in this system. The turbidity of clarified apple vinegar treated UF largely decreased. pH and acidity of treated samples showed the same level as those of untreated apple vinegar. The permeate flux continuously declined while the fouling material accumulated on the membrane as the operation time increased. Resistance decreased with lower pressure, which could be explained by expansion of pore size at lower pressure and minor compaction of the polarized layer at lower pressure.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.221-255
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• 2016

The Russian government enacted the 'Federal Law on the Free Port of Vladivostok' to improve the medical industry in the Far East in 2015. As a result, Korean medical institutions are increasingly interested in advancing into Free Port of Vladivostok. Increased demand for high-quality Korean medical services from Russian patients and the active government policy direction of the Russian government serve as strengths and opportunities for advancing into Free Port of Vladivostok. On the other hand, the legal imperfections caused by the delay in the establishment of sub-regulations for Federal Law on the Free Port of Vladivostok and the low reliability of the Russian government are both weaknesses and threats. Therefore, Korean medical institutions will need to carefully consider the timing of advancing into Free Port of Vladivostok by closely monitoring the process of establishing the sub-regulations of Federal Law on the Free Port of Vladivostok. And it is the most realistic model for Korean medical institutions to establish 'Professional clinic model linked with health screenings(1st stage model)'. The Korean government needs to conclude a 'MOU for Cooperation on Health and Medical Care between Korea and Russia' with the Russian government and should also carry out the 'Korean Minnesota Project'.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.307-314
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• 2012

This paper examines the characteristics and status of the major development policies for under-developed region by ministries and studies how the awareness or perspective of public officials on such policies impact the policy environment. This paper aims to redefine the goal and strategy of regional development policy so that it can effectively contribute to enhancing the quality of life of residents and improving competitiveness of the region. The problems and improvement direction found out through a documentational and practical research on the development policy for underdeveloped region can be summarized as follows: Firstly, more streamlined and integrated policies which are currently fragmented being implemented by different ministries are needed to enhance the effectiveness of policy execution. Secondly, improvements on the process of securing government funding and operating systems are needed to guarantee the rational standard of providing state subvention, the expansion of comprehensive subsidy and the independence of policy execution. Thirdly, amendments on the policy measures are needed to support the development and execution of the customized projects, strengthen cooperation among those projects by establishing a system for effective regional development project.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.407-408
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• 2011

Natural boron consists of two stable isotopes 10B and 11B with natural abundance of 18.8 atom percent of 10B and 81.2 atom percent of 11B. The thermal neutron absorption cross-section for 10B and 11B are 3837 barn and 0.005 barn respectively. 10B enriched specific compounds are used for control rods and as a reactor coolant additives. In this work 2 methods for boron enrichment were analysed: 1) Gas irradiation in static conditions. Dissociation occurs due to multiphoton absorption by specific isotopes in appropriately tuned laser field. IR shifted laser pulses are usually used in combination with increasing the laser intensity also improves selectivity up to some degree. In order to prevent recombination of dissociated molecules BCl3 is mixed with H2S 2) SILARC method. Advantages of this method: a) Gas cooling is helpful to split and shrink boron isotopes absorption bands. In order to achieve better selectivity BCl3 gas has to be substantially rarefied (~0.01%-5%) in mixture with carrier gas. b) Laser intensity is lower than in the first method. Some preliminary calculations of dissociation and recombination with carrier gas molecules energetics for both methods will be demonstrated Boron separation in SILARC method can be represented as multistage process: 1) Mixture of BCl3 with carrier gas is putted in reservoir 2) Gas overcooling due to expansion through Laval nozzle 3) IR multiphoton absorption by gas irradiated by specifically tuned laser field with subsequent gradual gas condensation in outlet chamber It is planned to develop software which includes these stages. This software will rely on the following available software based on quantum molecular dynamics in external quantized field: 1) WavePacket: Each particle is treated semiclassicaly based on Wigner transform method 2) Turbomole: It is based on local density methods like density of functional methods (DFT) and its improvement- coupled clusters approach (CC) to take into account quantum correlation. These models will be used to extract information concerning kinetic coefficients, and their dependence on applied external field. Information on radiative corrections to equation of state induced by laser field which take into account possible phase transition (or crossover?) can be also revealed. This mixed phase equation of state with quantum corrections will be further used in hydrodynamical simulations. Moreover results of these hydrodynamical simulations can be compared with results of CFD calculations. The first reasonable question to ask before starting the CFD simulations is whether turbulent effects are significant or not, and how to model turbulence? The questions of laser beam parameters and outlet chamber geometry which are most optimal to make all gas volume irradiated is also discussed. Relationship between enrichment factor and stagnation pressure and temperature based on experimental data is also reported.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.62
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• pp.135-160
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• 2020

This study closely analyzed the curriculum of the Christian Education Counseling Department and the general Education Counseling Department, and found the current status and problems of the curriculum of the Christian Education Counseling Department and the general Education Counsel Department. This study presented a balanced curriculum of the Christian Education Counseling Department with above analysis. For this purpose, the analysis focused on the educational operation process of Christian education counseling departments and general education counseling departments, such as educational goals, subjects, and counseling practical training. The Christian Education Counseling Department and the general Education Counseling Department are often combined with departments such as Christian Education, Youth, Children and Youth, and Lifelong Education, with the characteristics of convergence majors, so the basic subjects of the department were analyzed to have a higher percentage of subjects than counseling subjects. The results of the analysis showed that both departments lacked a considerable number of subjects related to counseling practical training. In the counseling course, the subjects of personal analysis, education analysis, counseling ethics, and counseling case super-vision for the professional development of counselors are still lacking, according to the analysis. In order to train counselors, it was analyzed that the system of systematic clinical practice system, various counseling analysis for counselor education, and the expansion of super vision subjects were urgently needed. In a modern society where the demand for counseling and the need for counseling experts are increasing as society becomes more complex, it is hoped that Korean universities will be able to actively contribute and cooperate in developing models of counseling education and training counseling experts through them, focusing on standardized indicators for fostering counselors.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.193-213
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• 2016

This study has two goals. The First is to develop and apply a step-by-step program and the degree to which students' mathematical skills. The second is to analyze mathematical attitude change around the first grade students was done. The program for learning complement number is composed of series of 5 steps and 11 classes. Play for learning complement number, taking into account the difficulty of the learning steps 1-5 are organized. First step is composed of the classes which fragmented pieces of shapes to complete the entire geometry with fun activities for the entire part of the concept of learning and it maintenance concepts and can naturally learn by associating step. In second step, tools to take advantage of the real world and collecting the conservative concept. 3rd steps is to repair the mathematical concept of the parish in the learning stage of expansion. 4th step is halrigalri, number cards, making ten games etc. 5th step is to verify the concept of complement number and number operation ability. The concept of complement number through fun activities can improve students' mathematical skills, and mathematical attitude change. Early in the program, students use the finger to throw acid in the process. Simple addition and subtraction calculations may take a long time and error, but more and more we progress through the program using the fingers is eliminated and a more complex form calculations was not difficult to act out.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.141-152
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• 2005

Many organizations have been recognizing the necessity of workflow automation technologies according to the rapid expansion of business process oriented applications, such as enterprise resource pianning, customer relationship management, electronic approval management, and so on, Thus, they have started adopting workflow management systems as an essential technological solution for their workflow processes, However, we need some technological extensions and improvements on them in order to accommodate a new type of workflow processes, which is called cross-organizational global workflow processes that require a certain level of collaborations between the organizations engaged in the global workflow processes, Fragment-driven workflow modeling methodology is a Bottom-Up methodology composing a global workflow by defining each organization's own activities, which is called a fragment through a realtime cooperative system. The approach is able to not only simplify the modeling work but also keep each organization's independence in modeling a global workflow, In this paper, we describe the fragment-driven workflow modeling methodology and realize the methodology through the implementation of a cooperative swimlane workflow modeling system.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.849-855
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• 2003

The extrusion effects on solubilization of brown rice, glutinous rice, barley and job's tear were investigated in comparison with raw and roasted whole grains. Whole grains were extruded under 13 different operating conditions, where the process variables were controlled in the following ranges: screw speed, $200{\sim}300$ rpm; temperature, $110{\sim}130^{\circ}C$; moisture, $15{\sim}25%$. Solubilization effects of whole grains by extrusion were characterized in terms of water solubility index (WSI), viscosity, dispersibility and dietary fiber in comparison with those of raw and roasted grains. WSI of whole grains significantly increased by extrusion, especially WSI of glutinous rice containing abundant amylopectin increased twice than WSI of brown rice. The content of soluble dietary fiber was increased due to extrusion treatment, while insoluble dietary fiber decreased concomitantly and the content of total dietary fiber was not nearly changed. Extrusion improved the dispersibility and swelling effects in comparison with that of raw and roasting grains.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.333-344
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• 2011

The recent expansion in the number of housing construction projects has been accompanied by substantial improvements in construction quality, which can be attributed to the development of new construction technologies and materials. In apartment complex construction projects, numerous mechanization technologies have been adopted as part of the floor plastering process to counter increasing difficulties in securing labor and the pressing need to reduce lead time, but these have also triggered setbacks such as additional costs or loss of time to fix cracks in or loosening of floor. Cracks developing in the floor of an apartment housing unit, in terms of materials in use, are the products of a complex combination of material makeup, construction workmanship, concrete curing and the protection method. Controlling such elements from the perspective of materials in use may ensure partial success in reducing cracks, but fall short of eliminating them completely. Any attempt to prevent cracks from developing in the first place requires systematic analysis as to their potential causes and viable solutions to reduce them. On this backdrop, this paper aims to provide an analysis of potential causes of cracks found in floor plastering, and consider the mechanism of a crack stop-bar as a fundamental safeguard against them.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.14-23
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• 2012

Due to the increase of aged housing demolition in preparation for the rapid growth of the market, Eco-friendly remodeling demolition work which can minimize environmental destruction have been studied. However, the owner or contractor to apply for eco-friendly remodeling demolition work does not reflect the characteristics of the site can not have a potential for many variables. In addition, There is no standard which can find effective part and catch a problem by performing eco-friendly remodeling demolition. Therefore, the project owner and construction company executives in the Pre-construction stage to the implementation of eco-friendly remodeling demolition construction by providing a model for the pre-evaluating the project. In this paper, the performance of eco-friendly remodeling of demolitions is proposed for the pre-evaluating model. After the eight items were drawn affecting the performances which are influence to accomplishment of the eco-friendly remodeling demolition, evaluation criteria was suggested for each item. Also By classifying and assessing the evaluation items, It will be able to identify the problems and supplements for eco-friendly remodeling demolition. Through the final evaluation sheet, The works of the appropriacy and supplement will be checked for the eco-friendly remodeling demolition. Finally The preinvestigation model is helpful for making the plan of systematic demolition, futhermore It is contribute to the expansion of the eco-friendly remodeling demolition.